652 research outputs found
Induction of isoprenyl diphosphate synthases, plant hormones and defense signalling genes correlates with traumatic resin duct formation in Norway spruce (Picea abies)
Norway spruce (Picea abies) defends itself against herbivores and pathogens by formation of traumatic resin ducts filled with terpenoid-based oleoresin. An important group of enzymes in terpenoid biosynthesis are the short-chain isoprenyl diphosphate synthases which produce geranyl diphosphate (C10), farnesyl diphosphate (C15), and geranylgeranyl diphosphate (C20) as precursors of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and diterpene resin acids, respectively. After treatment with methyl jasmonate (MJ) we investigated the expression of all isoprenyl diphosphate synthase genes characterized to date from Norway spruce and correlated this with formation of traumatic resin ducts and terpene accumulation. Formation of traumatic resin ducts correlated with higher amounts of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and diterpene resin acids and an upregulation of isoprenyl diphosphate synthase genes producing geranyl diphosphate or geranylgeranyl diphosphate. Among defense hormones, jasmonate and jasmonate-isoleucine conjugate accumulated to higher levels in trees with extensive traumatic resin duct formation, whereas salicylate did not. Jasmonate and ethylene are likely to both be involved in formation of traumatic resin ducts based on elevated transcripts of genes encoding lipoxygenase and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase associated with resin duct formation. Other genes involved in defense signalling in other systems, mitogen-activated protein kinase3 and nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related gene1, were also associated with traumatic resin duct formation. These responses were detected not only at the site of MJ treatment, but also systemically up to 60Â cm above the site of treatment on the trunk
Desvio fonológico e alteraçÔes pråxicas orofaciais e do sistema estomatognåtico
OBJETIVO: verificar, bem como relacionar entre si, o desempenho de crianças com Desvio FonolĂłgico e com Desenvolvimento FonolĂłgico TĂpico na avaliação do Sistema EstomatognĂĄtico e em testes de habilidades prĂĄxicas orofaciais avaliando suas habilidades prĂĄxicas orofaciais. MĂTODOS: amostra constituiu-se de 50 sujeitos, com idades entre quatro e oito anos, com Desvio FonolĂłgico e com Desenvolvimento FonolĂłgico TĂpico. Avaliou-se a fonologia por meio do instrumento Avaliação FonolĂłgica da Criança e a gravidade do desvio por meio do Percentual de Consoantes Corretas. Posteriormente, aplicou-se a Avaliação do sistema estomatongĂĄtico e o The Orofacial Praxis Test, para avaliar as habilidades prĂĄxicas orofaciais. Os dados foram tabulados e submetidos a tratamento estatĂstico, considerando-se p<0,05. RESULTADOS: com relação ao sistema estomatongĂĄtico, observou-se diferença estatĂstica entre os grupos apenas nas tarefas de assobio, contração e vibração de lĂĄbios e de lĂngua, apresentando desempenho inferior as crianças com Desvio FonolĂłgico. O mesmo foi observado quanto Ă postura de lĂngua na sucção. As mĂ©dias obtidas nas tarefas de habilidades prĂĄxicas orofaciais realizadas apĂłs Imitação foram melhores que apĂłs Solicitação Verbal, para todas as idades. Ainda, as crianças com menor idade apresentaram mais alteraçÔes que as crianças maiores, da mesma forma que as crianças com Desvio FonolĂłgico apresentaram mais dificuldades que aquelas sem alteraçÔes de fala. CONCLUSĂO: as crianças com Desvio FonolĂłgico apresentaram mais alteraçÔes do sistema estomatognĂĄtico e das habilidades prĂĄxicas orofaciais que aquelas com Desenvolvimento FonolĂłgico TĂpico, havendo melhora no desempenho com o avanço da idade e encontrando-se estas alteraçÔes relacionadas com as alteraçÔes de fala
Insight into aquaculture's potential of marine annelid worms and ecological concerns: a review
Polychaetes are marine annelid worms that can contribute to aquaculture diversification. Its culture has been viable, and commercially attempted, but intensive
production has progressed only in few countries around the world. In the countries with no production, marine polychaetes are imported or harvested. A strong
and sustained research investment provided to a better understanding of the
nutritional requirements and reproduction of some species. Recent studies
showed new technical improvements, which can lead to an important progress in
productivity and give a new impetus to the polychaete production. Some marine
worm species were identified as good candidates for integrated multitrophic
aquaculture. The development of cost-effective aquaculture techniques for marine
annelid worms is essential to ensure a balance between commercial interests and
the preservation of ecosystems. The influence of polychaete aquaculture on the
environment and vice versa raise important concerns related to ecological security
and sustainability of this activity. This review focus on the main technical
improvements and advances that have been made in areas as diverse as: aquaculture potential of polychaetes, reared species, main species used worldwide, and
highlights biological and ecological concerns, important challenges and recommendations.This study was supported by the
FCT (Portuguese National Board of Scientific Research),
through the MARE (Marine and Environmental Sciences
Centre) (UID/MAR/04292/2013) strategic programme and
through strategic project PEst-OE/MAR/UI0199/2014,
granted to MARE. This study has also the financial support
of PROMAR Program through the project 31-03-05-FEP42: LIVE BAIT â Annelid polychaetes as live bait in Portugal: harvesting, import and rearing management.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
How Work Impairments and Reduced Work Ability are Associated with Health Care Use in Workers with Musculoskeletal Disorders, Cardiovascular Disorders or Mental Disorders
__Abstract__
Purpose the aim of this study was to explore
how work impairments and work ability are associated with
health care use by workers with musculoskeletal disorders
(MSD), cardiovascular disorders (CVD), or mental disorders
(MD). Methods in this cross-sectional study, subjects
with MSD (n = 2,074), CVD (n = 714), and MD
(n = 443) were selected among health care workers in 12
Dutch organizations. Using an online questionnaire, data
were collected on in
Search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at â s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Results of a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum are reported. The search uses 20.3 fbâ1 of â s = 8 TeV data collected in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events are required to have at least one jet with pT > 120 GeV and no leptons. Nine signal regions are considered with increasing missing transverse momentum requirements between Emiss T > 150 GeV and Emiss T > 700 GeV. Good agreement is observed between the number of events in data and Standard Model expectations. The results are translated into exclusion limits on models with either large extra spatial dimensions, pair production of weakly interacting dark matter candidates, or production of very light gravitinos in a gauge-mediated supersymmetric model. In addition, limits on the production of an invisibly decaying Higgs-like boson leading to similar topologies in the final state are presente
Observation of associated near-side and away-side long-range correlations in âsNN=5.02ââTeV proton-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector
Two-particle correlations in relative azimuthal angle (ÎÏ) and pseudorapidity (Îη) are measured in âsNN=5.02ââTeV p+Pb collisions using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements are performed using approximately 1ââÎŒb-1 of data as a function of transverse momentum (pT) and the transverse energy (ÎŁETPb) summed over 3.1<η<4.9 in the direction of the Pb beam. The correlation function, constructed from charged particles, exhibits a long-range (2<|Îη|<5) ânear-sideâ (ÎÏâŒ0) correlation that grows rapidly with increasing ÎŁETPb. A long-range âaway-sideâ (ÎÏâŒÏ) correlation, obtained by subtracting the expected contributions from recoiling dijets and other sources estimated using events with small ÎŁETPb, is found to match the near-side correlation in magnitude, shape (in Îη and ÎÏ) and ÎŁETPb dependence. The resultant ÎÏ correlation is approximately symmetric about Ï/2, and is consistent with a dominant cosâĄ2ÎÏ modulation for all ÎŁETPb ranges and particle pT
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