Sustainable Production: Recycling of Bacterial Biomass Resulting from a Fermentation Process with Klebsiella planticola

The Gram-negative bacterium Klebsiella planticola represents an interesting host organism for the production of biotechnological products. Microbial processes – especially those of aerobic cultivation – lead to the generation of considerable amounts of biomass, thus lowering the product yield. These are the reasons for studying methods for the recycling of biomass from K. planticola. It will be shown that it is possible to disintegrate the microbial biomass – preferably by means of high pressure homogenization followed by a protease treatment of the resulting slurry of debris – in an efficient way and to recycle at least the soluble part as cultivation medium component. A recycling yield of about 77 % can be achieved. By studying the growth of K. planticola in a cyclic batch cultivation strategy with maximal recycling of the biomass no adverse effects have been observed for a series of more than 9 consecutive cultivation cycles

Separation of functionalized dextrins by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

Functionalized linear dextrins were sepd. on a preparative scale by HPLC on RP-18 phases with water as the eluent. These dextrins were obtained by the transfer of a-cyclodextrin to glucosides by means of a cyclodextrin-glycosyltransferase of Klebsiella pneumoniae M5 aI. Product recovery was readily achieved owing to the simple eluent used. [on SciFinder (R)

Continuous monitoring of enzymatic whey protein hydrolysis. Correlation of base consumption with soluble nitrogen content

The optimization of enzymatic protein hydrolysis often represents a tedious task due to complicated analytical methods. The simplest system of continuous analysis consists of monitoring the base consumption during a pH-controlled reactor operation. However, there are other criteria commonly used for characterizing the extent of protein hydrolysis, comprising the degree of hydrolysis (DH) and the SN-TCA index, that is the fraction of nitrogen soluble in trichloroacetic acid under well-defined conditions. Taking the SN-TCA index, expressed in terms of the so-called fraction of non-protein nitrogen NPN, as an example, it is shown that these criteria may be correlated with base consumption. The advantages and limitations of this method are discussed

24Na and 99mTc Tracers Applied to the Characterization of Liquid-Solid Fluidized Bed and Hydraulic Transport Reactors

For the characterization of fluidized bed- and hydraulic transport reactors, two radiotracer techniques have been developed permitting the study of mixing phenomena in flowing liquids as well as in beds of fluidized particulate solids. For labelling the aqueous phase, a 99mTc containing solution obtained by means of a 99Mo isotopic generator has been used. The silica gel employed for fluidization has been activated by thermal neutrons to yield a 24Na tracer derived from its natural sodium content

Path Integrals on a Compact Manifold with Non-negative Curvature

A typical path integral on a manifold, $M$ is an informal expression of the form \frac{1}{Z}\int_{\sigma \in H(M)} f(\sigma) e^{-E(\sigma)}\mathcal{D}\sigma, \nonumber where $H(M)$ is a Hilbert manifold of paths with energy $E(\sigma) < \infty$, $f$ is a real valued function on $H(M)$, $\mathcal{D}\sigma$ is a \textquotedblleft Lebesgue measure \textquotedblright and $Z$ is a normalization constant. For a compact Riemannian manifold $M$, we wish to interpret $\mathcal{D}\sigma$ as a Riemannian \textquotedblleft volume form \textquotedblright over $H(M)$, equipped with its natural $G^{1}$ metric. Given an equally spaced partition, ${\mathcal{P}}$ of $[0,1],$ let H_{{\mathcal{P}}%}(M) be the finite dimensional Riemannian submanifold of $H(M)$ consisting of piecewise geodesic paths adapted to $\mathcal{P.}$ Under certain curvature restrictions on $M,$ it is shown that $$\frac{1}{Z_{{\mathcal{P}}}}e^{-{1/2}E(\sigma)}dVol_{H_{{\mathcal{P}}}}(\sigma)\to\rho(\sigma)d\nu(\sigma)\text{as}\mathrm{mesh}({\mathcal{P}})\to0,$$ where $Z_{{\mathcal{P}}}$ is a \textquotedblleft normalization\textquotedblright constant, $E:H(M) \to\lbrack0,\infty)$ is the energy functional, Vol_{H_{{\mathcal{P}}%}} is the Riemannian volume measure on $H_{\mathcal{P}}(M) ,$ $\nu$ is Wiener measure on continuous paths in $M,$ and $\rho$ is a certain density determined by the curvature tensor of $M.

Study of the spin and parity of the Higgs boson in diboson decays with the ATLAS detector

Studies of the spin, parity and tensor couplings of the Higgs boson in the H→ZZ∗→4ℓ, H→WW∗→eνμν and H→γγ decay processes at the LHC are presented. The investigations are based on 25fb−1 of pp collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at √s=7 TeV and √s=8 TeV. The Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson hypothesis, corresponding to the quantum numbers JP=0+, is tested against several alternative spin scenarios, including non-SM spin-0 and spin-2 models with universal and non-universal couplings to fermions and vector bosons. All tested alternative models are excluded in favour of the SM Higgs boson hypothesis at more than 99.9 % confidence level. Using the H → ZZ∗ → 4ℓ and H → WW∗ → eνμν decays, the tensor structure of the interaction between the spin-0 boson and the SM vector bosons is also investigated. The observed distributions of variables sensitive to the non-SM tensor couplings are compatible with the SM predictions and constraints on the non-SM couplings are derived

Search for Higgs bosons produced via vector-boson fusion and decaying into bottom quark pairs in √s =13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the bb ¯ decay of the Standard Model Higgs boson produced through vector-boson fusion is presented. Three mutually exclusive channels are considered: two all-hadronic channels and a photon-associated channel. Results are reported from the analysis of up to 30.6 fb −1 of pp data at s √ =13 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measured signal strength relative to the Standard Model prediction from the combined analysis is 2.5 +1.4 −1.3 for inclusive Higgs boson production and 3.0 +1.7 −1.6 for vector-boson fusion production only

Measurement of jet fragmentation in Pb+Pb and pp collisions at √s NN =5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents a measurement of jet fragmentation functions in 0.49 nb −1 of Pb+Pb collisions and 25 pb −1 of pp collisions at √ sNN =5.02 TeV collected in 2015 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. These measurements provide insight into the jet quenching process in the quark-gluon plasma created in the aftermath of ultra-relativistic collisions between two nuclei. The modifications to the jet fragmentation functions are quantified by dividing the measurements in Pb+Pb collisions by baseline measurements in pp collisions. This ratio is studied as a function of the transverse momentum of the jet, the jet rapidity, and the centrality of the collision. In both collision systems, the jet fragmentation functions are measured for jets with transverse momentum between 126 GeV and 398 GeV and with an absolute value of jet rapidity less than 2.1. An enhancement of particles carrying a small fraction of the jet momentum is observed, which increases with centrality and with increasing jet transverse momentum. Yields of particles carrying a very large fraction of the jet momentum are also observed to be enhanced. Between these two enhancements of the fragmentation functions a suppression of particles carrying an intermediate fraction of the jet momentum is observed in Pb+Pb collisions. A small dependence of the modifications on jet rapidity is observed