Antimicrobial activity of Latin American medicinal plant extracts

Resistance of pathogenic microorganisms to several drugs has increased due to the widespread use of antibiotics to treat infectious diseases. Hence, development of new antimicrobial drugs from plants is an area of active research in the search for medicinal, veterinary or agricultural industry use. For this work 19 plants species was collected, dried in the shade and oven. 20 g powder plant were macerated in cold either with dichloromethane (DCM) or methanol (MeOH) filtered, evaporated to yield determination expressed in grams per 100g of dry plant. Methods: Antibacterial activity assays of the DCM and MeOH extracts were performed by agar diffusion. Paper disks were then impregnated with 10 ul of extract (range: 340-614mg/disc for MeOH; 300-500mg/disc for DCM). Solvents of DCM or MeOH extracts were used as negative controls (NC) and Gentamicin and Cephazoline were used as positive control (PC). The microorganisms used for testing were Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The inoculum was incorporated to Petri plates and paper disks with extracts were added, and incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. Results: All DCM extracts tested except Gentianella parviflora, Baccharis crispa, Bauhinia candicans, Terminalia langiflora and Picrosia australis showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The DCM extracts of the three species of Gaillardia showed to be as well active against Escherichia coli. Only the MeOH extracts of Baccharis crispa, Gentianella achalensis, Lippia turbinata, Lippia germinata, Terminalia australis and bicolor adesmia were active against Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: dichloromethane extracts of Gaillardia and Protousnea poepiggii species might be important sources for the isolation of compounds with antimicrobial activity with a potential use in the pharmaceutical industry.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Triterpenic Acids and Flavonoids from Satureja parvifolia: Evaluation of their Antiprotozoal Activity

Bioassay-guided fractionation of a Satureja parvifolia MeOH extract led to the isolation of eriodictyol, luteolin and ursolic and oleanolic acids as its active components against Plasmodium falciparum K1. This is the first time these compounds are reported as constituents of S. parvifolia. Ursolic acid showed an IC50 of 4.9,Mg/ml, luteolin 6.4,μg/ml, oleanolic acid 9.3,μg/ml and eriodictyol 17.2,μg/ml. Antiplasmodial activity of eriodictyol and luteolin is reported here for the first time. Besides, the four compounds showed activity against P falciparum 3D7 strain and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. Eriodictyol showed moderate activity on all the parasites but was the most selective compound as a result of its rather low cytotoxicity (IC50 174.2,μg/ml) on the mammalian KB cell line.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Triterpenic Acids and Flavonoids from Satureja parvifolia: Evaluation of their Antiprotozoal Activity

Bioassay-guided fractionation of a Satureja parvifolia MeOH extract led to the isolation of eriodictyol, luteolin and ursolic and oleanolic acids as its active components against Plasmodium falciparum K1. This is the first time these compounds are reported as constituents of S. parvifolia. Ursolic acid showed an IC50 of 4.9,Mg/ml, luteolin 6.4,μg/ml, oleanolic acid 9.3,μg/ml and eriodictyol 17.2,μg/ml. Antiplasmodial activity of eriodictyol and luteolin is reported here for the first time. Besides, the four compounds showed activity against P falciparum 3D7 strain and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. Eriodictyol showed moderate activity on all the parasites but was the most selective compound as a result of its rather low cytotoxicity (IC50 174.2,μg/ml) on the mammalian KB cell line.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Phytochemical profile and anti-Inflammatory effect of the orchid <i>Catasetum macroglossum</i>

The pseudobulbs of Catasetum macroglossum (Orchidaceae) are popularly used as topical anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic in the forests and medium lands of Ecuador, but they were never studied. We evaluated whether the decoction of C. macroglossum has antiinflammatory effect and which is its phytochemical profile. The effect of 30 and 90 mg lyophilized/kg via i.p. was studied on the carrageenaninduced edema in the paw rat, in comparison with saline and indomethacin. The paw edema was inhibited in about 60 to 80 % after 1 to 3 h of carrageenan injection. The phytochemical profile was done by chemical tests to evaluate the presence of reducing sugars and flavonoids, and TLC of the aqueous extract and the hydrolyzed one. There were detected reductive substances after the acidic hydrolysis, and two spots with the features and Rf of the standard glucose and mannose. Some peaks in the HPLC-DAD chromatogram showed absorption at 225 and 280 nm in agreement with dihydro derivatives of phenantrene and stilbene in traces amount. The antiinflammatory kinetic of C. macroglossum suggests inhibition on prostaglandins. This work validates the popular use of C. macroglossum, which could be due to the presence of a glucomannan and traces of phenantrene and stilbene, as in other species of Catasetum.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Antimicrobial activity of Latin American medicinal plant extracts

Resistance of pathogenic microorganisms to several drugs has increased due to the widespread use of antibiotics to treat infectious diseases. Hence, development of new antimicrobial drugs from plants is an area of active research in the search for medicinal, veterinary or agricultural industry use. For this work 19 plants species was collected, dried in the shade and oven. 20 g powder plant were macerated in cold either with dichloromethane (DCM) or methanol (MeOH) filtered, evaporated to yield determination expressed in grams per 100g of dry plant. Methods: Antibacterial activity assays of the DCM and MeOH extracts were performed by agar diffusion. Paper disks were then impregnated with 10 ul of extract (range: 340-614mg/disc for MeOH; 300-500mg/disc for DCM). Solvents of DCM or MeOH extracts were used as negative controls (NC) and Gentamicin and Cephazoline were used as positive control (PC). The microorganisms used for testing were Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The inoculum was incorporated to Petri plates and paper disks with extracts were added, and incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. Results: All DCM extracts tested except Gentianella parviflora, Baccharis crispa, Bauhinia candicans, Terminalia langiflora and Picrosia australis showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The DCM extracts of the three species of Gaillardia showed to be as well active against Escherichia coli. Only the MeOH extracts of Baccharis crispa, Gentianella achalensis, Lippia turbinata, Lippia germinata, Terminalia australis and bicolor adesmia were active against Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion: dichloromethane extracts of Gaillardia and Protousnea poepiggii species might be important sources for the isolation of compounds with antimicrobial activity with a potential use in the pharmaceutical industry.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Triterpenic Acids and Flavonoids from Satureja parvifolia: Evaluation of their Antiprotozoal Activity

Bioassay-guided fractionation of a Satureja parvifolia MeOH extract led to the isolation of eriodictyol, luteolin and ursolic and oleanolic acids as its active components against Plasmodium falciparum K1. This is the first time these compounds are reported as constituents of S. parvifolia. Ursolic acid showed an IC50 of 4.9,Mg/ml, luteolin 6.4,μg/ml, oleanolic acid 9.3,μg/ml and eriodictyol 17.2,μg/ml. Antiplasmodial activity of eriodictyol and luteolin is reported here for the first time. Besides, the four compounds showed activity against P falciparum 3D7 strain and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense. Eriodictyol showed moderate activity on all the parasites but was the most selective compound as a result of its rather low cytotoxicity (IC50 174.2,μg/ml) on the mammalian KB cell line.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Measurements of the charge asymmetry in top-quark pair production in the dilepton final state at s √ =8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Measurements of the top-antitop quark pair production charge asymmetry in the dilepton channel, characterized by two high-pT leptons (electrons or muons), are presented using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3  fb−1 from pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy s√=8  TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Inclusive and differential measurements as a function of the invariant mass, transverse momentum, and longitudinal boost of the tt¯ system are performed both in the full phase space and in a fiducial phase space closely matching the detector acceptance. Two observables are studied: AℓℓC based on the selected leptons and Att¯C based on the reconstructed tt¯ final state. The inclusive asymmetries are measured in the full phase space to be AℓℓC=0.008±0.006 and Att¯C=0.021±0.016, which are in agreement with the Standard Model predictions of AℓℓC=0.0064±0.0003 and Att¯C=0.0111±0.0004

Measurement of W boson angular distributions in events with high transverse momentum jets at s√= 8 TeV using the ATLAS detector

The W boson angular distribution in events with high transverse momentum jets is measured using data collected by the ATLAS experiment from proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of . The focus is on the contributions to processes from real W emission, which is achieved by studying events where a muon is observed close to a high transverse momentum jet. At small angular separations, these contributions are expected to be large. Various theoretical models of this process are compared to the data in terms of the absolute cross-section and the angular distributions of the muon from the leptonic W decay.Fil: Aaboud, M.. Université Mohamed Premier and LPTPM; MarruecosFil: Aad, G.. Aix-Marseille Université ; FranciaFil: Abbott, B.. Oklahoma State University; Estados UnidosFil: Abdallah, J.. Academia Sinica; ChinaFil: Abdinov, O.. Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences; AzerbaiyánFil: Alconada Verzini, María Josefina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Alonso, Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Arduh, Francisco Anuar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Dova, Maria Teresa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Hoya, Joaquín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Monticelli, Fernando Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Wahlberg, Hernan Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Física La Plata. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Instituto de Física La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Bossio Sola, Jonathan David. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Marceca, Gino. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Otero y Garzon, Gustavo Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Piegaia, Ricardo Nestor. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Sacerdoti, Sabrina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Zibell. A.. Julius-Maximilians-Universität ; AlemaniaFil: Zieminska, D.. Indiana University; Estados UnidosFil: Zimine, N. I.. Joint Institute for Nuclear Research; RusiaFil: Zimmermann, C.. Universität Mainz ; AlemaniaFil: Zimmermann, S.. Albert-Ludwigs-Universität ; AlemaniaFil: Zinonos, Z.. Georg-August-Universität ; AlemaniaFil: Zinser, M.. Universität Mainz ; AlemaniaFil: Ziolkowski, M.. Universität Siegen ; AlemaniaFil: Živković, L.. University of Belgrade ; SerbiaFil: Zobernig, G.. University of Wisconsin; Estados UnidosFil: Zoccoli, A.. Università di Bologna ; ItaliaFil: Nedden, M. zur. Humboldt University; AlemaniaFil: Zurzolo, G.. Università di Napoli; ItaliaFil: Zwalinski, L.. Cern - European Organization For Nuclear Research; SuizaFil: The ATLAS Collaboration. No especifica