29 research outputs found

    El peso de la historia en la inmigración peruana en Chile

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    En el presente artículo, se sostiene que el actual escenario internacional se ha caracterizado por una profunda interrelación, y la integración emerge como una estrategia de inserción global de relevancia, especialmente para países como Chile. Esta integración no es sólo económica sino que también incluye el movimiento de personas. No obstante, la integración y la movilidad de personas se ven afectadas por los prejuicios y las desconfianzas, lo que se ha reflejado en el fenómeno migratorio peruano en Chile. Desde esta perspectiva, la construcción de un marco institucional para alcanzar mayores grados de integración de los inmigrantes peruanos en Chile, no sólo requiere avances en el ámbito económico-laboral, sino que también en el área educacional-cultural, promoviendo una educación basada en la interculturalidad, capaz de marcar el camino hacia una mayor tolerancia e integración entre ambas sociedades, y así superar quiebres históricos, como lo fue la Guerra del Pacifico.Cet article affirme que l’actuelle situation internationale s’est caractérisée par une profonde interrelation, et l’intégration surgit comme une stratégie d’insertion globale d’importance, particulièrement dans les pays comme le Chili. Cette intégration n’est pas seulement économique, elle comprend également des déplacements de personnes. Cependant, l’intégration et la mobilité des personnes est affectée par des préjugés et de la méfiance, se qui s’est reflété dans le phénomène migratoire péruvien au Chili. Dans cette perspective, la construction d’un cadre institutionnel pour atteindre de plus hauts degrés d’intégration des immigrants péruviens au Chili, requiert non seulement des progrès dans le domaine économico-professionnel, mais aussi dans le domaine éducationnel-culturel, promouvant une éducation fondée sur l’interculturalité, capable de générer une plus importante tolérance et intégration entre les deux sociétés, et ainsi surmonter les ruptures historiques, comme la Guerre du Pacifique.In this paper, we suggest that the current international scenery shows a deep connection, and that integration arises as an important strategy of global insertion, especially for countries like Chile. This integration is not only economic but includes the movement of people as well. Nevertheless, the integration and the people’s movement feel the negative effects of prejudice and distrust, and Peruvian immigrants in Chile feel it too. From this point of view, to build an institutional framework to reach the integration of the Peruvian immigrants in Chile, it’s required to improve immigrants working conditions and improve the educational system, especially an education  based on interculturality, which could to set an example for tolerance and integration between both societies and thus overcome historical fractures as was the War of The Pacific

    Plastia y alargamiento de tendón rotuliano mediante alambre puente en rótula y cosecha autóloga de semitendinoso y gracilis. Reporte de caso clínico. Hospital policía no.2 de Guayaquil, febrero 2018

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    Las lesiones del tendón rotuliano son casos  poco frecuentes que suceden en su mayoría por lesiones traumáticas graves muchas veces apoyadas por factores concomitantes. Debido a ello, los resultados funcionales dependen de la calidad y la técnica  de intervención quirúrgica. Sin embargo, no se puede anticipar la evolución de los elementos anatómicos comprometidos, pero sí dar un control posoperatorio correcto. Se presenta un paciente masculino de 35 años sin antecedentes mórbidos, evaluado ambulatoriamente con rodilla  derecha en extensión 180º y flexión 0º como secuela postraumática e iatrogénica, con atrofia del cuádriceps femoral y dificultad para la marcha. Estudios imagenológicos evidenciaron hemiprótesis patello femoral, alambre rótula tibia, puente exostósico tibio rotuliano, tres alambres circulares en tubérculo anterior de la tibia. Se  diagnostica anquilosis postraumática de rodilla derecha. Se planifica técnica de Kelikian modificada (injerto autólogo de rodilla opuesta más cosecha de Gracillis y cerclaje de alambre transpatellar). A las 3 semanas del postoperatorio, se evidencia  45º de flexión y 180º de extensión en rodilla derecha. Se concluye que la técnica de Kelikian modificada es una alternativa quirúrgica óptima en pacientes con anquilosis postraumática de rodilla

    Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

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    [Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

    Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Treatment vs Hospitalization for Infective Endocarditis: Validation of the OPAT-GAMES Criteria

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    Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in patients with life-threatening COVID-19

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    Interindividual clinical variability in the course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is vast. We report that at least 101 of 987 patients with life-threatening coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia had neutralizing immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies (auto-Abs) against interferon-w (IFN-w) (13 patients), against the 13 types of IFN-a (36), or against both (52) at the onset of critical disease; a few also had auto-Abs against the other three type I IFNs. The auto-Abs neutralize the ability of the corresponding type I IFNs to block SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. These auto-Abs were not found in 663 individuals with asymptomatic or mild SARS-CoV-2 infection and were present in only 4 of 1227 healthy individuals. Patients with auto-Abs were aged 25 to 87 years and 95 of the 101 were men. A B cell autoimmune phenocopy of inborn errors of type I IFN immunity accounts for life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia in at least 2.6% of women and 12.5% of men

    A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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    The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries and regions (n = 21,644) were randomly assigned to one of two brief reappraisal interventions (reconstrual or repurposing) or one of two control conditions (active or passive). Results revealed that both reappraisal interventions (vesus both control conditions) consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions across different measures. Reconstrual and repurposing interventions had similar effects. Importantly, planned exploratory analyses indicated that reappraisal interventions did not reduce intentions to practice preventive health behaviours. The findings demonstrate the viability of creating scalable, low-cost interventions for use around the world

    El peso de la historia en la inmigración peruana en Chile

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    In this paper, we suggest that the current international scenery shows a deep connection, and that integration arises as an important strategy of global insertion, especially for countries like Chile. This integration is not only economic but includes the movement of people as well. Nevertheless, the integration and the people's movement feel the negative effects of prejudice and distrust, and Peruvian immigrants in Chile feel it too. From this point of view, to build an institutional framework to reach the integration of the Peruvian immigrants in Chile, it's required to improve immigrants working conditions and improve the educational system, especially an education based on interculturality, which could to set an example for tolerance and integration between both societies and thus overcome historical fractures as was the War of The Pacific.En el presente artículo, se sostiene que el actual escenario internacional se ha caracterizado por una profunda interrelación, y la integración emerge como una estrategia de inserción global de relevancia, especialmente para países como Chile. Esta integración no es sólo económica sino que también incluye el movimiento de personas. No obstante, la integración y la movilidad de personas se ven afectadas por los prejuicios y las desconfianzas, lo que se ha reflejado en el fenómeno migratorio peruano en Chile. Desde esta perspectiva, la construcción de un marco institucional para alcanzar mayores grados de integración de los inmigrantes peruanos en Chile, no sólo requiere avances en el ámbito económico-laboral, sino que también en el área educacional-cultural, promoviendo una educación basada en la interculturalidad, capaz de marcar el camino hacia una mayor tolerancia e integración entre ambas sociedades, y así superar quiebres históricos, como lo fue la Guerra del Pacifico

    Situación cultural, socio-económica y legal de los vendedores informales del micro centro de Florencia, Caquetá

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    Una de las grandes problemáticas que afectan la actividad comercial en Colombia, son las ventas informales, es así como generan efectos negativos principalmente de carácter económico y social, este fenómeno registra un crecimiento constante; a diario, pese a los controles de las autoridades, se puede observar un importante volumen de distribución de productos, e incluso servicios como la telefonía celular. Por esta razón, en la presente investigación se realizó un análisis partiendo de un censo obtenido de la base de datos de vendedores informales de la ciudad de Florencia Caquetá, así como de la información primaria recolectada en el microcentro, en donde se hizo énfasis en factores como el nivel educativo, los ingresos mensuales, la rentabilidad, entre otros datos importantes, con ello se logró identificar la situación socioeconómica, financiera y cultural de los vendedores informales; durante esta labor se detectó el completo desconocimiento que se tiene en la parte legal que rige esta actividad comercial, la población comprometida con esta labor es diversa, sin que se logre identificar una configuración homogénea que agrupe grupos mayoritarios de raza, credo, género o edad. Esta diversidad existe debido a que las condiciones para la vinculación a esta acción productiva son simplemente la necesidad de crear una fuente de ingresos para el sustento diario de las familias en la que no se exija calificación o experiencia. El comercio informal es un oficio aparentemente fácil y rentable, debido a que no obliga a asumir impuestos y gastos administrativos; sin embargo, los individuos que lo desarrollan deben enfrentarse a diversos obstáculos como condiciones climáticas adversas, extensas jornadas laborales, controles de las autoridades del espacio público, multas, entre otros, además, los efectos del comercio informal cobran trascendencia debido a que las empresas legalmente constituidos se ven afectadas por la actividad que ejercen los vendedores informales, al generar una competencia desleal debido a que quienes venden productos y servicios al margen de la formalidad pueden ofrecer precios más bajos por su mínimo nivel de gastos de operación y tributación; además los vendedores informales ocupan los andenes, obstaculizan los ingresos a los locales comerciales y ocasionalmente generan disturbios durante los procesos de control municipal, hechos que en los peores casos generan el cierre de los establecimientos comerciales

    Assessment of the Effect of 3% Diclofenac Sodium on Photodamaged Skin by Means of Reflectance Confocal Microscopy

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    Treatment of actinic keratosis with 3% diclofenac sodium w/w in hyaluronic acid is associated with a concomitant improvement in signs of photodamaged skin. However this effect has not yet been examined in depth. Twenty patients with actinic keratosis and signs of photodamaged skin were studied. They received treatment with diclofenac sodium w/w in hyaluronic acid for 2 months. Clinical and reflectance confocal microscopy assessment on signs of photodamaged skin were performed. Regarding reflectance confocal microscopy, the most common descriptors were: irregular honeycomb pattern in 18/20 patients (90%), mottled pigmentation in 17/20 (85%), coarse collagen structures in all patients, and huddled collagen and curled bright structures in 16/20 (77.8%). After treatment, significant improvement in clinical parameters: irregular pigmentation and coarseness, and confocal parameters: irregular honeycomb pattern and mottled pigmentation, were noted. Reflectance confocal microscopy is a useful tool in monitoring changes in photodamaged skin after treatment. The use of diclofenac sodium w/w in hyaluronic acid is associated with an improvement in some clinical and reflectance confocal microscopy parameters of photodamaged skin

    Operations research transforms the scheduling of chilean soccer leagues and south American world cup qualifiers

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    For the past 12 years, the Chilean Professional Soccer Association (ANFP) hasapplied operations research (OR) techniques to schedule soccer leagues in Chile. Usinginteger programming-based methods, the ANFP decides which matches are played ineach round, taking into account various objectives, such as holding down costs and ensur-ing engaging tournaments for the fans. It has scheduled more than 50 tournaments usingthis approach, resulting in an estimated direct economic impact of about $59 million,including reductions in television broadcaster operating costs, growth in soccer pay-television subscriptions, increased ticket revenue, and lower travel costs for the teams. Thisapplication of OR has also had significant noneconomic impacts. First, the incorporationof team requirements and various sporting criteria has improved process transparencyand schedule fairness, increasing fans’ interest in local professional tournaments; second,because of the high portability of these techniques, they have been used successfullyto schedule sports leagues in other countries (examples include volleyball and basket-ball in Argentina, and the South American qualifiers for the 2018 Soccer World Cup).Furthermore, the models and methods used in this scheduling application have beendisseminated widely, helping to promote OR as an effective tool for addressing practicalproblems. Our outreach activities have reached thousands of high school and universitystudents in four countries and a more general audience of millions of television viewersand Internet users
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