The foreign language lexicon of monolinguals and immigrant heritage speakers: word production, clustering and switching

Research on the productive vocabulary of foreign language (FL) learners is scarce especially when it comes to researching children and immigrant heritage speakers (IHS).  To address this gap, the present paper provides a comparative analysis of the lexical profiles and use of lexical organization and retrieval strategies of two groups of 6th grade monolinguals and IHS learners of EFL. Through a mixed-methods approach, we explore the number of types and tokens produced by each group in two semantic fluency tasks, the use of lexical clustering and switching strategies, and the nature of associations within clusters. Despite the advantage in lexical awareness attributed to bilingual learners, monolinguals outperformed them in most of the quantitative tests, although not significantly. Among others, we argue that the competition among the languages during the word retrieval process and, particularly, the distinctive characteristics of IHS could help explain the results

One Health bottom-up analysis of the dissemination pathways concerning critical priority carbapenemase- and ESBL-producing Enterobacterales from storks and beyond

BACKGROUND: 'One Health' initiatives to tackle the rising risk of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) have flourished due to increasing detection of Enterobacterales producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemases (CPs). OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to conduct an in-depth holistic analysis of Escherichia coli (Ec) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) isolates recovered from landfill-foraging white stork faecal samples and clinical isolates from a nearby hospital. METHODS: Faecal samples (n = 211) were collected from storks foraging at two landfills in Spain. Ec/Kp stork isolates were recovered on selective media and whole-genome sequencing (WGS), together with isolates obtained from the nearby hospital. These genomic data were compared with public genomes from different contexts (clinical, environmental, or animal hubs) to understand global transmission dynamics. RESULTS: A wide range of blaESBL/blapAmpC (blaCTX-M/blaSHV-12/blaDHA) were detected in 71 stork samples (33.6%), while blaCP (blaKPC/blaNDM/blaOXA-48/blaVIM) were identified in 28 (13.3%) samples. Clonal and plasmid transmissions were evidenced inside and between both landfills. Mapping against 10 624 public Ec/Kp genomes and from those of nearby hospital revealed that identical strains (<10 allelic differences with Ec-ST38/ST131 and Kp-ST512 lineages) and epidemic plasmids (full identity/coverage with IncN/blaKPC-2, IncF/blaKPC-3, IncX3/blaNDM-7, IncL/blaOXA-48) were found from clinical isolates in countries located along the storks' migration routes. CONCLUSIONS: Storks may be contaminated by bacterial isolates from a likely human origin and become non-human reservoirs of critical genes, which can be dispersed over long distances. Identifying strains/plasmids along the stork's routes that are identical or closely related to those described here opens new perspectives for large-scale research to understand the AMR transmission dynamics

Aprendizaje-servicio en la Educación Superior: Acción transformadora y compromiso social

Este texto es imprescindible como guía y lugar de encuentro entre servicios, centros, oficinas, departamentos, grupos de investigación, facultades, etc., como espacio de entendimiento entre lo que ya es y lo que está por llegar en el aprendizaje-servicio. Como punto de partida para muchos, como innovación metodológica para otros, como espacio de investigación sin fisuras para los menos. Y es esta articulación la que merece ser puesta en valor en el marco de la LOSU y otras normativas universitarias: no sólo el artículo 18 y el artículo 33 se refieren al aprendizaje-servicio. Podemos verlo a modo de paraguas en muchas otras referencias que anticipan cambios ya presentes: la era de la inteligencia artificial, la ciencia ciudadana, la ciencia abierta, los nuevos enfoques en la calidad o las microcredenciales, entre otros

Exploring the Influence of Toasting Levels, Grain Sizes, and Their Combination on the Volatile Profile of Tempranillo Red Wines Aged in Quercus petraea Barrels

The ageing of wine in oak barrels enhances its sensory properties, with the toasting level and grain size of the wood significantly influencing the volatile composition of the wine. This study evaluated the impact of three toasting levels (light toasting, medium toasting, and medium long toasting) and two grain sizes (standard grain and extra fine grain) on the volatile profile of Tempranillo red wines aged in Quercus petraea barrels over 12 and 18 months. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was employed to quantify wine volatile compounds. The results revealed that lighter toasting combined with standard grain barrels enhanced the wine volatile concentration during shorter maturation periods, while medium long toasting with extra fine grain barrels was more effective for longer ageing periods. Toasting level was found to have a stronger influence on the wine volatile composition than grain size. These findings underscore the importance of tailoring barrel specifications to the desired maturation durations and sensory outcomes. Future studies exploring other grape varieties, wood origins, and longer ageing periods could further refine these insights and enhance winemaking practices