HUMAN CAPITAL, SOCIAL CAPITAL, AND EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION: HOW DOES THE SLICE OF PIE EXECUTIVES APPROPRIATE COMPARE TO WHAT THEY BRING TO THE TABLE?

Prior research has identified the manner in which human capital, social capital, and other intangible resources create value for organizations. Among such resources, those contributed by a firm's top managers have been singled out as particularly important for the generation and preservation of competitive advantage. However, the costs incurred to gain access to these resources, which reside at the individual and relational levels rather than at the firm level, are rarely considered. In this dissertation, I focus on individual executives as the level of analysis instead of the traditional view of firms as unitary actors in order to study intra-organizational value appropriation. I focus on the most direct and economically significant form of value appropriation by top managers: executive compensation. I introduce a theoretical framework linking executive compensation to executive-level intangible resources including human capital and social capital. I distinguish between generic and firm-specific forms of capital due to differences in the causal mechanisms linking each type of resource to compensation. Generic resources convey market power and are directly appropriable by executives. Firm-specific resources have no value outside the firm and therefore do not convey market power, yet they will convey a different sort of power derived from familiarity, visibility, and legitimacy. Drawing on a sample of 71 executives from 36 publicly-traded US firms in high-technology industries, I provide empirical results that are broadly supportive of three of four hypotheses. Executive compensation is found to be positively related to generic human capital (measured by the breadth of executives' experience across multiple industries), generic social capital (external network size, external network range) and firm-specific social capital (the strength of intra-TMT ties, internal network size, criticality of internal ties, criticality of external ties). I find no evidence linking executive compensation to firm-specific human capital. These results demonstrate the hazard of focusing on the value created by human capital and social capital without also considering the costs firms incur to access those resources

Tratamiento de micobacteriosis no tuberculosas (MNT) con quinolonas

Two cases of Non-tuberculous Mycobacterium fiom the MAl group and another by Mycobacterium Fortuitum are presented. None ofthem with extrapulmonary manifestations. They were treated with a scheme of four drugs among which the Quinolone was included. The patients were adults with pulmonary processes clinically and racliologically similar to pulmonary Tuberculosis (TBC); non-tuberculous mycobacteria were isolated from the sputurn. It has been shown "in vitro" that the non-tuberculous mycobacteria are sensitive to the Fluorquinolones. Thus, Ciprofloxacine or Ofloxacine were used, taking into consideration the initial polirresistence to the habitual tuberculostatics. Consequently, these patients were treated with schemes which included these new Quinolones,getting good clinical responsiveness and negativization of the sputum in all the cases.Se presentan dos casos de micobacteriosis no tuberculosa del Grupo MAL y otro por Mycobacterium Fortuitum. Ninguno de ellos con manifestaciones extrapulmonares, tratados con un esquema de 4 drogas entre las que se incluyó una Quinolona. Los pacientes eran adultos con procesos pulmonares clínica y radiológicamente similares a la Tuberculosis Pulmonar (TBC); aislándose en esputo micobacterias no tuberculosas. Ha sido demostrado "in vitro" \u27 que las micobacterias no tuberculosas son sensibles a las Fluorquinolonas. Por lo cual, se usaron Ciprofloxacina u Ofloxacina; habiendo tenido en cuenta la polirresistencia inicial a los tuberculostáticos habituales. Por ello estos pacientes fueron tratados con esquemas queincluían estas \u27\u27nuevas\u27\u27 Quinolonas, obteniéndose buena respuesta clínica negativizándose los esputos en todos los casos

Participação no grupo cooperativo do movimento da escola moderna: contributos para o desenvolvimento profissional docente

Dissertação apresentada à Escola Superior de Educação de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências da Educação, especialidade Supervisão em EducaçãoO trabalho cooperativo entre os professores tem merecido destaque nos últimos anos, relacionando-se com ajuda mútua (Carneiro, Geller & Nitzke, 2008), onde todos trabalham com o intuito de alcançar objetivos pré definidos entre si (Dillenbourg, 1999) e de obter competências profissionais. Muito embora as práticas de trabalho individual ainda sejam uma tentação para os professores na atualidade há uma maior tendência para trabalharem colaborativamente nas escolas ou em grupos de formação organizados pelas associações de professores. Neste contexto, o estudo que apresentamos tem como finalidade compreender os processos de autoformação cooperada no contexto dos grupos cooperativos do Movimento da Escola Moderna (MEM) e o seu impacto no desenvolvimento profissional docente. Tendo em conta o objeto de estudo, identificaram-se as seguintes questões: i) Que motivações levam os professores a integrar os grupos cooperativos do MEM? ii) Como se organiza e desenvolve a autoformação cooperada nos grupos cooperativos do MEM? iii) Quais os aspetos positivos e constrangimentos identificados pelos professores no trabalho desenvolvido nos grupos cooperativos? iv) Quais as razões que levam os professores a permanecer e a abandonar a sua participação nos grupos cooperativos do MEM? v) Qual o impacto das experiências realizadas no contexto dos grupos cooperativos no desenvolvimento profissional docente? Para o efeito, contámos com a participação de seis professores pertencentes a um grupo cooperativo do MEM. Tendo como referência o objeto de estudo recorremos a uma metodologia de natureza qualitativa e privilegiámos como técnica de recolha de dados a entrevista semiestruturada. Para o tratamento dos dados sustentámo-nos na análise de conteúdo seguindo os passos recomendados para a análise de conteúdo por Bardin (2009). Os resultados do estudo permitiram constatar que o trabalho realizado no seio do grupo cooperativo promove o desenvolvimento profissional docente dado que fomenta a competência reflexiva sobre a prática pedagógica, bem como o desenvolvimento de outras competências da praxis, nomeadamente, a identificação de estratégias mais adequadas à resolução de problemas emergentes do quotidiano profissional do professor.Abstract The cooperative work between teachers has been receiving more attention over the last years, in relation with the mutual assistance (Carneiro, Geller & Nitzke, 2008), where everybody works with an aim to achieve predefined goals, which were created in relation to one another (Dillenbourg, 1999) and to obtain professional skills. Although individual work practices are still tempting to teachers, there is currently a greater trend to work as a group in schools or in training groups organized by teachers’ associations. In this context, this study aims to understand the cooperative self-training processes within the context of MEM’s cooperative groups and their impact in the professional teacher development. Considering the subject of study, the following questions were identified: i) What motivations lead the teachers to integrate MEM’s cooperative groups? ii) How is the cooperative self-training organized and how is it developed within in MEM’s cooperative groups? iii) What are the positive aspects and constraints identified by the teachers within the work developed in the cooperative groups? iv) What are the reasons that lead the teachers to stay or abandon its participation in MEM’s cooperative groups? v) What is the impact of experiences carried in the context of cooperative groups in the professional teacher development? For this purpose, we had the participation of six teachers belonging to one of MEM’s cooperative groups. Keeping the subject of study as a reference, we use a qualitative methodology and gave preference to the semi structured interview as the data collection technique. We based the data processing in the content analysis, following the recommended steps for content analysis by Bardin (2009). The study’s results allowed determining that the executed work promotes the teachers professional development, given that it increases the reflexive competence about the pedagogic practice, as well as the development of other competences of praxis, namely, the identification of the most adequate strategies for the resolution of emerging issues in the teacher’s professional everyday life.N/

Characterizing the Saltol quantitative trait locus for salinity tolerance in rice

This study characterized Pokkali-derived quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for seedling stage salinity tolerance in preparation for use in marker-assisted breeding. An analysis of 100 SSR markers on 140 IR29/Pokkali recombinant inbred lines (RILs) confirmed the location of the Saltol QTL on chromosome 1 and identified additional QTLs associated with tolerance. Analysis of a series of backcross lines and near-isogenic lines (NILs) developed to better characterize the effect of the Saltol locus revealed that Saltol mainly acted to control shoot Na +/K + homeostasis. Multiple QTLs were required to acquire a high level of tolerance. Unexpectedly, multiple Pokkali alleles at Saltol were detected within the RIL population and between backcross lines, and representative lines were compared with seven Pokkali accessions to better characterize this allelic variation. Thus, while the Saltol locus presents a complex scenario, it provides an opportunity for markerassisted backcrossing to improve salt tolerance of popular varieties followed by targeting multiple loci through QTL pyramiding for areas with higher salt stress

Women in (Dis)placement: The Field of Studies on Migrations, Social Remittances, Care and Gender in Chile

This article presents current perspectives on the gender approach to the study of migration in Chile between 1990 and 2018, contextualizing it in light of international debates in the social sciences. We will discuss how the feminization and the growth of Latin American migrations have given rise to a prolific field of research, as exemplified by studies conducted in central and northern Chile. We will show how the concepts of social remittances and caregiving permeate the Chilean debate on migrant women. We conclude with reflections on topics and perspectives to be incorporated into the Chilean research agenda on gender and migration.Se presenta un estado del arte sobre el enfoque de género en los estudios de la migración en Chile entre 1990 y 2018, contextualizándolo a la luz de debates internacionales de las ciencias sociales. Abordaremos cómo la feminización y el incremento de las migraciones latinoamericanas inauguran un prolijo campo de investigaciones, articulado a través de estudios desarrollados en el centro y en el norte de Chile. Señalaremos cómo los conceptos de remesas sociales y cuidados permean el debate chileno sobre las mujeres migrantes. Finalizamos con reflexiones sobre temas y perspectivas a ser incorporados en la agenda chilena de investigaciones sobre género y migración.The authors would like to thank the Chilean National Commission for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICYT) for funding the study that led to this article through Fondecyt Regular Project number 1160683: “Ser Mujer Mayor en Santiago. Organización social de los cuidados, feminización del envejecimiento y desigualdades acumuladas” (“Being an older woman in Santiago. Social organization of care, feminization of ageing and accumulated inequalities”), led by Herminia Gonzálvez Torralbo and Fondecyt Regular Project number 1190056: “The Boundaries of Gender Violence: Migrant Women’s Experiences in South American Border Territories” led by Menara Lube Guizardi

Combined Forward-Backward Asymmetry Measurements in Top-Antitop Quark Production at the Tevatron

The CDF and D0 experiments at the Fermilab Tevatron have measured the asymmetry between yields of forward- and backward-produced top and antitop quarks based on their rapidity difference and the asymmetry between their decay leptons. These measurements use the full data sets collected in proton-antiproton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt s =1.96$ TeV. We report the results of combinations of the inclusive asymmetries and their differential dependencies on relevant kinematic quantities. The combined inclusive asymmetry is $A_{\mathrm{FB}}^{t\bar{t}} = 0.128 \pm 0.025$. The combined inclusive and differential asymmetries are consistent with recent standard model predictions

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

MAREJADAS RURALES Y LUCHAS POR LA VIDA, VOL. II: CONFLICTOS SOCIOTERRITORIALES Y POR RECURSOS NATURALES

Volumen 2. Conflictos socioterritoriales y por recursos naturales, coordinado por: Rosalía López Paniagua, Dante Ariel Ayala Ortiz y Armando Contreras Hernández, constituido por 19 trabajos, divididos en tres secciones. La primera titulada Tierra: tenencia y cultivos transgénicos, contiene 6 trabajos, que abordan el persistente conflicto por la tenencia de la tierra y la producción de soya y maíz transgénico y la asociada acumulación del capital por despojo que caracteriza la agricultura transgénica en México, pero también formas de resistencia como la denuncia de contaminación transgénica en la Sierra Juárez de Oaxaca y las instituciones, actores y gestión en la Reserva de la Biósfera El Triunfo en la Sierra Madre de Chiapas. La segunda sección: Territorio: Explotación y envenenamiento, está compuesta por 5 trabajos que hacen referencia a los conflictos socioambientales derivados de la minería en manos de empresas nacionales y extranjeras omisas y gobiernos cómplices de las consecuencias depredadoras que generan en territorios campesinos e indígenas, debido a su asociación con el narcotráfico y por la contaminación del agua y la tierra que provocan, además de las consecuencias perversas en la salud humana y el entorno natural en diversas regiones del país. En la tercera y última sección, Agua: contaminación y escases, los 8 trabajos que la integran, analizan los conflictos socioterritoriales y luchas por la vida, en diversos estados del país. Se trata de investigaciones que estudian movimientos y conflictos sociales actuales en el campo mexicano, como son las luchas por la defensa del territorio y la defensa de la naturaleza, trabajos que abordan especialmente las disputas por el agua, y los problemas asociados del acceso, la escasez y la contaminación, no solo internos sino con empresas y con el Estado mismo que con la aprobación y aplicación de leyes y reglamentos, el despojo a los campesinos de su territorio en el que han trabajado y vivido por generaciones.INSTITUTO DE CIENCIAS AGROPECUARIAS Y RURALES (ICAR), UNIVERSIDAD DE GUADALAJARA, EL COLEGIO DE MICHOACÁN A.C., FACULTAD DE ESTUDIOS SUPERIORES ACATLÁN-UNAM, ECOSUR, CUCOSTA SUR GRANA, ASOCIACIÓN MEXICANA DE ESTUDIOS RURALES A.C

O final dos reinos: Diálogos entre Tiwanaku e La Aguada

Este escrito pone de nuevo a dialogar las iconografías de Tiwanaku (altiplano del Titicaca, Bolivia) y La Aguada (Noroeste de la Argentina), a más de 40 años de los trabajos de Rex González y de Ponce Sanginés. Lo hace en un contexto enteramente diferente con un énfasis decolonial. Objetos, imágenes, información etnográfica y arqueólogos de ambos lados de una frontera entre "naciones", se ensamblan con la clara intención de cuestionar supuestos subyacentes muy profundos de la arqueología. Metodología: a partir de los caminos que plantean las imágenes y colores, se amarran en estos nudos también los humanos y las cosas, las experiencias chamánicas y los fenómenos meteorológicos, todos enlazados de modo relacional. Conclusiones: tras poner a dialogar a La Aguada y Tiwanaku, con base en nuestras trayectorias investigativas, la discusión desemboca en una reflexión acerca de las consecuencias presentes de naturalizar miradas segmentadas y funcionalistas de los mundos animales y vegetales en el pasado, que se originan en los subyacentes ontológicos de nuestra propia modernidad. Originalidad: el texto apunta a abordar la crítica decolonial a partir del estudio de casos concretos y a aportar a esos debates desde materialidades arqueológicas.This paper once again brings the iconographies of Tiwanaku (Titicaca high plateau, Bolivia) and La Aguada (Northwest of Argentina) into discussion, more than 40 years after the works of Rex González and Ponce Sanginés. It does so in an entirely different context with a decolonial emphasis. Objects, images, ethnographic information and archaeologists from both sides of a border between “nations” are assembled with the clear intention of questioning very deep underlying assumptions of archaeology. Methodology: Beginning with the paths posed by images and colors, these knots also bind humans and things, shamanic experiences and meteorological phenomena. Conclusions: After bringing La Aguada and Tiwanaku into dialogue, based on our research trajectories, the discussion leads to a reflection on the present consequences of naturalizing segmented and functionalist gazes of the animal and plant worlds in the past, which originate in the ontological underpinnings of our own modernity. Originality: The text aims to approach decolonial criticism from the study of concrete cases and to contribute to these debates on the basis of archaeological materiality.Fil: Marconetto, María Bernarda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Villanueva Criales, Juan Eduardo. Museo Nacional de Etnografía y Folklore; Bolivi