Comparison of Spectra in Unsequenced Species

International audienceWe introduce a new algorithm for the mass spectromet- ric identication of proteins. Experimental spectra obtained by tandem MS/MS are directly compared to theoretical spectra generated from pro- teins of evolutionarily closely related organisms. This work is motivated by the need of a method that allows the identication of proteins of unsequenced species against a database containing proteins of related organisms. The idea is that matching spectra of unknown peptides to very similar MS/MS spectra generated from this database of annotated proteins can lead to annotate unknown proteins. This process is similar to ortholog annotation in protein sequence databases. The difficulty with such an approach is that two similar peptides, even with just one mod- ication (i.e. insertion, deletion or substitution of one or several amino acid(s)) between them, usually generate very dissimilar spectra. In this paper, we present a new dynamic programming based algorithm: Packet- SpectralAlignment. Our algorithm is tolerant to modications and fully exploits two important properties that are usually not considered: the notion of inner symmetry, a relation linking pairs of spectrum peaks, and the notion of packet inside each spectrum to keep related peaks together. Our algorithm, PacketSpectralAlignment is then compared to SpectralAlignment [1] on a dataset of simulated spectra. Our tests show that PacketSpectralAlignment behaves better, in terms of results and execution tim

Active Brownian Particles. From Individual to Collective Stochastic Dynamics

We review theoretical models of individual motility as well as collective dynamics and pattern formation of active particles. We focus on simple models of active dynamics with a particular emphasis on nonlinear and stochastic dynamics of such self-propelled entities in the framework of statistical mechanics. Examples of such active units in complex physico-chemical and biological systems are chemically powered nano-rods, localized patterns in reaction-diffusion system, motile cells or macroscopic animals. Based on the description of individual motion of point-like active particles by stochastic differential equations, we discuss different velocity-dependent friction functions, the impact of various types of fluctuations and calculate characteristic observables such as stationary velocity distributions or diffusion coefficients. Finally, we consider not only the free and confined individual active dynamics but also different types of interaction between active particles. The resulting collective dynamical behavior of large assemblies and aggregates of active units is discussed and an overview over some recent results on spatiotemporal pattern formation in such systems is given.Comment: 161 pages, Review, Eur Phys J Special-Topics, accepte

Information (and library) science at City University London; 50 years of educational development

The development of education for information and library science at City University London over a 50-year period is described in this article. The development of the Masters course in Information Science, and the later equivalent courses in Library Science and in Information Management in the Cultural Sector are described in detail, together with shorter-lived Masters courses in pharmaceutical and health information. The rationale for changes to the courses, and the influence of the professional and educational contexts, are analysed. Issues emerging from this analysis are discussed in seven themes: the nature of the discipline; the library/information spectrum; the student group; the academic/professional balance; curriculum design; local and global issues; and teaching methods. The discussions of the courses are set in the wider context of changes in library/information education over the period in the UK and worldwide

Search for leptophobic Z ' bosons decaying into four-lepton final states in proton-proton collisions at root s=8 TeV

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Search for black holes and other new phenomena in high-multiplicity final states in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

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Measurements of differential production cross sections for a Z boson in association with jets in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

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Search for high-mass diphoton resonances in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV and combination with 8 TeV search

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Search for heavy resonances decaying into a vector boson and a Higgs boson in final states with charged leptons, neutrinos, and b quarks

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