690 research outputs found

    Klonieren der felinen Zytokin-Gene IL-2, GM-CSF und IFNγ zum adjuvanten, nonviralen gentherapeutischen Einsatz beim Fibrosarkom der Katze

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    The feline fibrosarcoma is a spontaneous malignant soft tissue sarcoma. Due to the high recurrence rate of approximatelly 70 % even after radical surgical excision the prognosis is very poor. There have been carried out different gene-therapy protocolls adjuvant to tumour excision, yet. In the following study a local, nonviral gene-transfer with the feline cytokine-genes Interleukin 2, Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and Interferon γ is conducted. As local gene delivery system serves a collagen-sponge loaded with a plasmid-DNA-PEI-PEG-formulation. The immunomodulating cytokines are expected to improve the antigen presentation, to activate immune effector cells and to generate memory cells against specific tumour antigens. The goal is to enhance tumour cell killing and anti cancer immune response to extend the tumour free survival time or even to decrease the recurrence rate in fibrosarcoma bearing cats. First a phase I dose escalation study is carried out using these vector-loaded collagen sponge. The adjuvant immunotherapy is combined with the surgical standard treatment of the feline fibrosarcoma. Blood was collected from healthy cats. Feline peripheral mononuclear blood cells were separated, cultured and stimulated in vitro by Concanavalin A. mRNA was isolated and reverse transcribed in cDNA. The cDNA served as template for the PCR amplification. Specific primers are based on already published sequences and introduced restriction endonuclease sequences in the amplified product. PCR products and expression vector were cut with these restriction enzymes. After ligation of PCR products and expression vector p55pCMV_ivs_luc+ transformation in DH 10 B bacteria was performed. Further analysed inserts were sequenced. Before therapeutic use the cytokines had to show biological activity. Recombinant proteins are expressed in the mammalian cell line COS-7. The feIL-2 and feGM-CSF bioactivity is demonstrated in proliferation assays, using the IL-2 and GM-CSF dependent cell lines CTLL-2 and TF-1. The biological acitivty of feIFNγ is measured by FACS analysis. A MHC I and II induction assay was performed on feline fibrosarcoma cells. After plasmid DNA preparation with polykation polyethylenimine and protective copolymers (polyethylene glycol) the collagen sponge is loaded with these gene vectors under sterile conditions. The vector loaded sponge is stored at 4 °C till implanted in the tumour bed of fibrosarcoma bearing cats.Das feline Fibrosarkom ist ein maligner Bindegewebstumor, der mit einer Rezidivrate von etwa 70 % auch nach radikaler Tumoroperation eine sehr schlechte Prognose hat. Verschiedene Gentherapieprotokolle wurden bereits adjuvant zur Tumorexstirpation durchgeführt. Bei der folgenden Studie soll ein lokaler, nonviraler Gentransfer der felinen Zytokin-Gene Interleukin 2, Granulozyten-Makrophagen Kolonie-stimulierender Faktor und Interferon γ stattfinden. Für den gentherapeutischen Einsatz in der Katze wird ein Kollagenschwamm als Trägermaterial mit der Plasmid-DNA in PEI-PEG-Formulierung beladen. Die immunmodulierenden Zytokine sollen die Antigenpräsentation verbessern, Effektorzellen des Immunsystems aktivieren und Memory-Zellen gegen die spezifischen Tumorantigene generieren. Ziel ist das Abtöten von Tumorzellen und die Bildung einer Antitumorimmunität um ein lokales Rezidiv des Fibrosarkoms zu verhindern oder die rezidivfreie Zeit und damit auch die Überlebenszeit der Katzen zu verlängern. Der Einsatz dieses Gentherapeutikums erfolgt zunächst in einer Phase I-Studie, in der die Verträglichkeit geprüft werden soll. Diese Immuntherapie soll adjuvant mit der chirurgischen Standardtherapie kombiniert werden. Aus dem Blut klinisch gesunder Katzen wurden periphere mononukleäre Blutzellen isoliert, angezüchtet und mit Concanavalin A stimuliert. Anschließend wurde aus den Zellen die mRNA gewonnen und mit Hilfe reverser Transkriptase in cDNA umgeschrieben. Diese diente als Matrize für die PCR, mit der die einzelnen Zytokin-Sequenzen amplifziert wurden. Spezifische, von den bereits veröffentlichten Sequenzen abgeleitete Primer führten Restriktionsschnittstellen in das amplifizierte Produkt ein. Sowohl die PCR-Produkte als auch der Vektor wurden mit diesen Restriktionsenzymen geschnitten. Nach Ligation der PCR-Produkte in das Expressionsplasmid p55pCMV_ivs_luc+ und Transformation von DH 10 B-Bakterien wurden die inserts der als positiv befundenen Plasmide sequenziert. Vor dem therapeutischen Einsatz der Zytokin-Gene wurde ihre biologische Aktivität überprüft. Die rekombinanten Proteine wurden in der Säugerzelllinie COS-7 exprimiert. In Proliferationsassays konnte die Bioaktivität von feIL-2 und feGM-CSF demonstriert werden, wobei die Zelllinien CTLL-2 und TF-1 benutzt wurden, welche in ihrem Wachstum vom entsprechenden Zytokin abhängig sind. Die biologische Aktivität von feIFNγ wurde durchflusszytometrisch mit MHC I- und MHC II-Induktionstests auf felinen Fibrosarkomzellen nachgewiesen. Nach Konjugation der Plasmid-DNA mit dem Polykation Polyethylenimin wurde dieser Komplex mit protektiven Kopolymeren (Polyethylenglycol) umhüllt und unter sterilen Bedingungen auf den Kollagenschwamm aufgebracht. Der Schwamm kann bis zur Implantation ins Tumorbett steril gelagert werden

    Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

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    A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

    Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

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    A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe

    Probing effective field theory operators in the associated production of top quarks with a Z boson in multilepton final states at root s=13 TeV

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    Abstracts from the Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Meeting 2016

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    Measurement of the charge asymmetry in top-quark pair production in the lepton-plus-jets final state in pp collision data at s=8TeV\sqrt{s}=8\,\mathrm TeV{} with the ATLAS detector

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    Search for single production of vector-like quarks decaying into Wb in pp collisions at s=8\sqrt{s} = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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    Measurement of the W boson polarisation in ttˉt\bar{t} events from pp collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 8 TeV in the lepton + jets channel with ATLAS

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    Measurement of the bbb\overline{b} dijet cross section in pp collisions at s=7\sqrt{s} = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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    Measurements of top-quark pair differential cross-sections in the eμe\mu channel in pppp collisions at s=13\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV using the ATLAS detector

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