FORCE AND TIME ANALYSIS OF BACKSTROKE TO BREASTSTROKE TURNS

Two AMTI underwater force platforms were used to measure force and time of three different backstroke to breaststroke turns during a simulated Individual Medley (IM). The mean ground reaction force for the open turn, bucket turn, and cross over turn were 192.4 ±34.7 N, 202.4 ±53.2N, and 178.2 ±42.2N respectively. The mean times from hand touching to feet leaving were respectively; 417.7±77.0ms, 378.5 ±59.5ms, and 455.8 ±106.7ms. There were no differences in the force (p >0.05), but there was a significant difference in the time (

RELIABILITY OF KNEE JOINT MEASURES IN A CUTTING MOVEMENT

Eight female soccer athletes performed six horizontal jump and cut maneuvers onto two AMTI force platforms. 3D kinematic analysis of 22 marked body landmarks coupled with ground reaction forces (GRF) were analyzed for peak knee flexion and valgus angles, GRF, and knee abduction moments with repeated measures ANOVA. Analysis indicated no significant difference between trials (p > 0.05). Average measures Intraclass Correlation Coefficients resulted in values of r = 0.71 to 0.99. Results indicate good reliability for flexion angles and excellent reliability for valgus angles, GRF, and knee abduction moments

EFFECT OF ACUTE FEEDBACK ON KNEE ANGLE AND MOMENTS DURING A HORIZONTAL LAND AND CUT MANEUVER

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of acute feedback and preferred plant leg on peak knee flexion and valgus angle, ground reaction force (GRF), and abduction moment of the knee during a horizontal land and cut maneuver. Eight division II women soccer players randomly performed horizontal landing and cutting maneuvers: 3 left and 3 right cuts pre- and post-feedback. Feedback was provided according to previous research. ANOVA revealed lower knee valgus angles for the feedback and preferred plant leg conditions (p0.05). There were no differences in GRF or knee abduction moment. Acute feedback may decrease knee valgus angle during cutting tasks, but does not appear to acutely alter other measures that are thought to decrease ACL injury risk

Humanity’s Forge: Constructing a Scientific Narrative around Los Alamos and the Atomic Bomb

During World War II, the small New Mexican town of Los Alamos hosted a top-secret laboratory for the Manhattan Project, a program dedicated to one goal: the successful creation of the atomic bomb. Although a wealth of research has explored the technical history of the bomb’s development, the social structure of Los Alamos, and the scientific importance of each, relatively little has been devoted to how both the bomb and its birthplace were conceptualized as exemplars in a greater framework of scientific advancement. Through the examination of historical periodical sources and contemporary curation, aided by existing scholarship, this I.S. examines the ways in which Los Alamos’s scientific reputation was crafted and expressed. Los Alamos and its national counterparts created a science-focused narrative that justified the development of the atom bomb and its use on Japan while also emphasizing the city’s historical importance as the progenitor of the Atomic Age. My research provides insight into how and why we construct narratives around ideas of science, morality, and responsibility, and encourages readers to examine and challenge dominant political or social narratives in our own time

An assessment of lethal trap performance and efficacy at Haleakala National Park

Reports were scanned in black and white at a resolution of 600 dots per inch and were converted to text using Adobe Paper Capture Plug-in.Control of non-native predators is vital for managing resources at Haleakalā National Park and has been ongoing since the 1970s. A 2016 evaluation of the trapping program suggested incorporating lethal traps to improve capturing predators. A revised Predator Control Management Plan was developed based on this evaluation, including lethal traps. Since lethal traps can catch non-target species, including federally listed threatened and endangered species, evaluating these traps was necessary. This project assessed three lethal traps for performance and efficacy: Goodnature® A24, DOC 250, and Belisle 220 Super X body grip traps. We evaluated the use of exclusionary box designs and careful trap placement to determine if these features would prevent the capture of non-target species. Captures of species for each trap and interactions of target and non-target species with traps were examined to evaluate trap and exclusion device performance. Wildlife cameras paired with all lethal traps showed no interactions or “unacceptable” interactions with traps or trap boxes by native species, including federally listed species. Capture rates from lethal and live traps were compared in similar areas. Of captures from Goodnature traps, 99% were rats, and 1% were mongooses. Of DOC 250 captures, 71% were mongooses, 25% were rats, and 4% were cats. Body grip traps did not capture any animals during the evaluation period but captured one mongoose during the efficacy period. Goodnature traps had the highest capture rate for rats, followed by DOC 250 and cage traps. DOC 250 had the highest capture rates for mongooses, followed by cage traps. Staff noted that although lethal traps require considerable labor for initial setup, lethal traps required much less labor to monitor than live traps and were advantageous in remote areas. This study suggests that incorporating lethal traps could greatly benefit the predator control program at Haleakalā National Park

Pharmacokinetic and behavioral effects of allopregnanolone in healthy women

Rationale  The behavioral effects of allopregnanolone (3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one) in women are not known. Objective  Allopregnanolone, a neuroactive steroid secreted by the mammalian ovary, exerts its anesthetic, anxiolytic, and sedative/hypnotic effects through potentiation of GABAA receptors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the behavioral effects of allopregnanolone in healthy women. Methods  Ten healthy women were given three increasing intravenous doses of allopregnanolone in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Saccadic eye movement parameters and visual analogue scales of sedation were used to evaluate the behavioral response of allopregnanolone. Repeated blood samples for analyses of allopregnanolone were drawn throughout the study day. Results  Exogenously administered allopregnanolone decreases saccadic eye movement parameters and increases subjective ratings of sedation that correlate with increased serum concentrations of this neuroactive steroid. Conclusion  The behavioral effects of allopregnanolone are similar to that of its 5β-stereoisomer, pregnanolone (3α-hydroxy-5β-pregnan-20-one). Apart from fatigue and mild nausea, allopregnanolone given in a cumulative dose of 0.09 mg/kg did not have any adverse effects

Forty years of IVF

This monograph, written by the pioneers of IVF and reproductive medicine, celebrates the history, achievements, and medical advancements made over the last 40 years in this rapidly growing field