Plotse dood bij sport

De aanleiding om te komen tot een onderzoek naar plotse dood bij sport was de schijnbare tegenspraak tussen het stimuleren van sportbeoefening en het voorkomen van plotse dood daarbij. Doel van het onderzoek was 1. zo nauwkeurig mogelijk het aantal gevallen van plotse dood bij sport per jaar in Nederland na te gaan en 2. zijn er uit de persoonlijke en medische gegevens en uit de gegevens over de sportbeoefening van de slachtoffers aanwijzingen voor een verhoogd risico af te Leiden. In hoofdstuk II worden de gehanteerde methoden beschreven. Voor het verzamelen van het aantal gevallen van sport werden enkele kanalen gebruikt: aan 1/3 van alle Nederlandse artsen werd een persoonlijk schrijven gericht. Daarvoor werden die gro~pen artsen gekozen, van wie verwacht kon worden dat zij geconfronteerd zouden kunnen zijn met plotse dood bij sport: huisartsen, sportartsen, cardiologen en patholoog-anatomen. De sportwereld werd benaderd via een artikel in de bondsbladen. Door pers, radio en televisie werd ook aandacht aan het onderzoek geschonken. Voor het verzamelen van gegevens van de overledene werd een vraaggesprek met de huisarts en de direct nabestaande gehouden, aan de hand van een gestructureerde vragenlijst. Zowel huisarts als nabestaande werden thuis bezocht. Slecht in 3 gevallen werd een vr8aggesprek geweigerd.The sudden death of an athlete represents an abrupt end to vigeur and strength, which seem to be the very qualities of life. This saddening paradox prompted this research into the sudden death during sporting activities, which set itself the following aims: 1. estimating accurately the number of cases of sudden death in sports per year in the Netherlands 2. collecting as many data as possible about each victim's medical history, sporting habits and complaints if any, which might Lead to ways of predicting sudden death during sporting activities. Chapter II describes the methods used. The data were collected via several channels. Letters were sent to one third of all Dutch physicians that could be expected to have been confronted with sudden death in sports: general practitioners, sports physicians, cardiologists and pathologists~ The sports world was approached via an artiele in the associations' periodicals. The research was also covered by the press, by radio and television. In order to collect the data of the deceased, interviews were held with their family doctors and next-of-kin, with the help of structured questionnaires. In three cases only was this interview declined. The Directar-General of the Public Health was asked to campare the cases known to him with our data and to provide us with any number of cases nat reported to u

An Eye for AI: A Multimodal Bottleneck Transformer Approach for Predicting Individual Eye Movements : Towards Foundation Models for Human Factors & Neuroscience

Human perception has been a subject of study for centuries. Various eye tracking methods in many study designs have shed light on individual differences in perception and visual navigation. However, accurately identifying individuals based on gaze behaviour remains a challenge. Artificial intelligence (AI) based methods have led to large successes in domains such as vision and language; they are also making their introduction in human factors & neuroscience (HFN). Leveraging AI for HFN requires quantities of data several orders of magnitude larger than the field is used to organising; there exists a clear discrepancy in the standardisation of data publication. In this work, we work towards foundation models (FM) for HFN by highlighting important data insights from AI. A multimodal bottleneck transformer is proposed, a model architecture that can effectively and efficiently represent and work with the varying modalities encountered in HFN. Results indicate that classification of individuals and prediction of gaze is possible, given more training data

Application of Active Noise Control to Reduce Cabin Noise in Single Engine General Aviation Aircraft

The application of active noise control to reduce cabin noise in single engine, general aviation aircraft is investigated through the use of the \u27filtered x\u27 least mean square algorithm and a simple acoustic feedforward method to generate a reference signal is tested. The system is designed to utilize one reference signal and up to two feedback signals and two audio speakers. The feedforward system consists of a microphone placed in close proximity to the front windshield and isolated from the cabin noise. Cabin noise and reference signals are recorded during flight in a Cessna 172 Skyhawk, a Piper Cherokee 140 and a Piper Malibu Mirage. The recorded data is used in laboratory tests to evaluate the capability of the control system to reduce the cabin noise signal with the recorded reference signal. The reference signal was found to lack coherence with the cabin noise in most aircraft which limited the noise reductions. Alternative feedforward methods are investigated and an alternative reference signal is tested in a laboratory simulation. The results with the recorded data and the modified reference signal are detailed in each case

Self-renewal of colony forming units (cfu) in serial bone marrow transplantation experiments

The capacity of stem cells (CFU) for self‐renewal was tested by transplanting normal bone marrow (primary transplantation) and bone marrow which had been subjected to one or two earlier transplantations (secondary and tertiary transplantation) into lethally irradiated syngeneic recipients. It was found that the capacity for self‐renewal is diminished within the first weeks after one or more previous transplantations. This ability of stem cells recovered after a longer interval after the previous transplantation. The time required for this recovery depended upon the number of previous transplantations and amounted to more than 1 or 2 months after one or two transplantations respectively. Shortly after transplantation the CFU/nucleated cell ratio in bone marrow was below normal and its decrease was more pronounced when the bone marrow had been transplanted more often. An increase of the ratio towards normal values was observed in the course of one month after the last transplantation. Measurements of the spleen colony size after transplantation of normal and re‐transplanted bone marrow indicated that CFUs from re‐transplanted marrow gave slightly smaller spleen colonies than those of normal marrow. It is concluded that the decreased self‐renewal of stem cells shortly after previous transplantations is probably not due to a limitation in the number of normal mitoses they can perform, but to a loss of stem cells by transfer to the compartment of differentiating cells. Copyrigh