Full CKM matrix with lattice QCD

We show that it is now possible to fully determine the CKM matrix, for the first time, using lattice QCD. |V_{cd}|, |V_{cs}|, |V_{ub}|, |V_{cb}| and |V_{us}| are, respectively, directly determined with our lattice results for form factors of semileptonic D->pi l nu, D->K l nu, B->pi l nu, B->D l nu, and K->pi l nu decays. The error from the quenched approximation is removed by using the MILC unquenched lattice gauge configurations, where the effect of u,d and s quarks is included. The error from the ``chiral'' extrapolation (m_l->m_{ud}) is greatly reduced by using improved staggered quarks. The accuracy is comparable to that of the Particle Data Group averages. In addition, |V_{ud}|, |V_{tb}|, |V_{ts}| and |V_{td}| are determined by using unitarity of the CKM matrix and the experimental result for sin{(2beta)}. In this way, we obtain all 9 CKM matrix elements, where the only theoretical input is lattice QCD. We also obtain all the Wolfenstein parameters, for the first time, using lattice QCD.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures. Based on an invited talk given at FPCP04 conference in Daegu (Korea). Additional result/analysis included to complete the full CKM matri

Cosmology and particle physics

The state of our understanding of cosmology is reviewed from an astrophysical cosmologist point of view with a particular emphasis given to recent observations and their impact. Discussion is then presented on the implications for particle physics.Comment: Plenary talk at the 30th International Conference on High Energy Physics, 27 July-2 August, 2000, Osaka. To be published in the Proceeding

Massive Neutrinos in Cosmology

The roles of massive neutrinos in cosmology -- in leptogenesis and in the evolution of mass density fluctuations -- are reviewed. Emphasis is given to the limit on neutrino mass from these considerations.Comment: Plenary talk given at NuFact05, Frascati, 21-26 June 200

Full determination of the CKM matrix using recent results from lattice QCD

A full determination of the CKM matrix using recent results from lattice QCD is presented. To extract the CKM matrix in a uniform fashion, I exclusively use results from unquenched lattice QCD as the theory input for nonperturbative QCD effects. All 9 CKM matrix elements and all 4 Wolfenstein parameters are obtained from results for gold-plated quantities, which include semileptonic decay form factors and leptonic decay constants of B, D and K mesons, and B^0-\bar{B}^0 and K^0-\bar{K}^0 mixing amplitudes.Comment: Plenary talk presented at Lattice 2005, Dublin, July 25-30, 2005; 28 pages, 16 figure

Creation of Spiral Galaxies

The spiral galaxies, including our galaxy, are created by the gravito-radiative forces generated by colliding black holes at the center of quasars. The gravito-radiative force is predicted by Einstein's general relativity. A quasar is assumed to have a circular disk of highly compressed neutrons (ylem) orbiting around black holes. The collision of two black holes at the center generates the gravito-radiative force, exerted on the ylem disk, producing a pair of bars with 180 degree rotational symmetry. This pair of bars develop into a pair of spiral arms, keeping the 180 degree rotational symmetry. Therefore, the number of spiral arms must be even. Our Milky Way galaxy has two pairs of arms, and has the 180 degree rotational symmetry, indicating that we have had two galactic nuclear explosions. The theory proposed by Gamow and others on the making of chemical elements fits into this theory. Thus, the age of the Milky Way must be equal to or greater than the age of the earth, 4.5 billion yr. The spirality of the Milky Way galaxy is examined under this assumption, and it is found that our galaxy was once about 10 times larger than it is now, and has been shrinking during the last half of its life

On the global generation of direct images of pluri-adjoint line bundles

We study the Fujita-type conjecture proposed by Popa and Schnell. We obtain an effective bound on the global generation of direct images of pluri-adjoint line bundles on the regular locus. We also obtain an effective bound on the generic global generation for a Kawamata log canonical $\mathbb{Q}$-pair. We use analytic methods such as $L^2$ estimates, $L^2$ extensions and injective theorems of cohomology groups.Comment: 8 pages, v2: the abstract and introduction were changed, v3: completely revised version, to appear in Mathematische Zeitschrif

B, D, K decays and CKM matrix from lattice QCD

We use lattice QCD to fully determine the CKM matrix. |V_{cd}|, |V_{cs}|, |V_{ub}|, |V_{cb}| and |V_{us}| are, respectively, directly determined with recent lattice results for form factors of semileptonic D->pi l nu, D->K l nu, B->pi l nu, B->D l nu and K->pi l nu decays obtained by the Fermilab Lattice, MILC, and HPQCD Collaborations. In addition, |V_{ud}|, |V_{tb}|, |V_{ts}| and |V_{td}| are determined by using unitarity of the CKM matrix and the experimental result for sin(2beta).Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures. Contribution to the XXXXth Rencontres de Moriond, "QCD and High Energy Hadronic Interactions", La Thuile, March 200

Cosmic Matter Distribution: Cosmic Baryon Budget Revisited

The cosmic baryon budget is revisited using modern observations that have become available since our first publication. I also present an estimate for the heavy element abundance. An increased accuracy in the accounting of the baryon budget reveals `missing baryons', which amount to $\approx 35$% of the total. This would provide an interesting test for models of the cosmic structure formation.Comment: Invited Talk given at IAU Symposium 220, "Dark Matter in Galaxies", Sydney, 21-25 July, 2003. To be published in the Proceeding

Characterization of pseudo-effective vector bundles by singular Hermitian metrics

In this paper, we give complex geometric descriptions of the notions of algebraic geometric positivity of vector bundles and torsion-free coherent sheaves, such as nef, big, pseudo-effective and weakly positive, by using singular Hermitian metrics. As an applications, we obtain a generalization of Mori's result. We also give a characterization of the augmented base locus by using singular Hermitian metrics on vector bundles and the Lelong numbers.Comment: 18pages v4: completely revised version, to appear in Michigan Mathematical Journa

Nadel-Nakano vanishing theorems of vector bundles with singular Hermitian metrics

We study a singular Hermitian metric of a vector bundle. First, we prove the sheaf of locally square integrable holomorphic sections of a vector bundle with a singular Hermitian metric, which is a higher rank analogy of a multiplier ideal sheaf, is coherent under some assumptions. Second, we prove a Nadel-Nakano type vanishing theorem of a vector bundle with a singular Hermitian metric. We do not use an approximation technique of a singular Hermitian metric. We apply these theorems to a singular Hermitian metric induced by holomorphic sections and a big vector bundle, and we obtain a generalization of Griffiths' vanishing theorem. Finally, we show a generalization of Ohsawa's vanishing theorem