Peak cardiac power output and cardiac reserve in sedentary men and women

Background and Purpose: Cardiac power output (CPO) and cardiac reserve (CR) are novel parameters of overall cardiac function. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in values of the CPO at rest and peak exercise and CR in sedentary men and women. Material and Methods: Thirty healthy men (age 21.2±0.7 years, body mass 63±6.3 kg, height 168.3±5.1 cm) and thirty healthy women (age 21.3±1.9 years, mass 82.5±7.9 kg, height 181.9±4.9 cm) were included in this study. Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac and hemodynamic parameters. CPO was calculated, at rest and after performed maximal bicycle test, as the product of cardiac output and mean arterial pressure, and CR as the difference of CPO value measured at peak exercise and at rest. Results: At rest, the two groups had similar values of cardiac power output (1.04±0.3W versus 1.14±0.25W, p>0.05). CPO after peak exercise was higher in men (5.1±0.72W versus 3.9±0.58W, p<0.05), as was cardiac reserve (3.96±0.64W versus 2.86±0.44W, p<0.05), respectively. After allometric scaling method was used to decrease the effect of body size on peak CPO, men still had significantly higher peak CPO (2.79±0.4 W m-2 versus 2.46±0.32 W m-2, p<0.05). At peak exercise, a significant positive relationship was found between cardiac power output and end diastolic volume (r=0.60), end diastolic left ventricular internal dimension (r=0.58), stroke volume (r=0.86) and cardiac output (r=0.87). Conclusion: The study showed that men had higher CPO after peak exercise and greater cardiac reserve than women, even after decreasing body size effect

Peak cardiac power output and cardiac reserve in sedentary men and women

Background and Purpose: Cardiac power output (CPO) and cardiac reserve (CR) are novel parameters of overall cardiac function. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in values of the CPO at rest and peak exercise and CR in sedentary men and women. Material and Methods: Thirty healthy men (age 21.2±0.7 years, body mass 63±6.3 kg, height 168.3±5.1 cm) and thirty healthy women (age 21.3±1.9 years, mass 82.5±7.9 kg, height 181.9±4.9 cm) were included in this study. Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac and hemodynamic parameters. CPO was calculated, at rest and after performed maximal bicycle test, as the product of cardiac output and mean arterial pressure, and CR as the difference of CPO value measured at peak exercise and at rest. Results: At rest, the two groups had similar values of cardiac power output (1.04±0.3W versus 1.14±0.25W, p>0.05). CPO after peak exercise was higher in men (5.1±0.72W versus 3.9±0.58W, p<0.05), as was cardiac reserve (3.96±0.64W versus 2.86±0.44W, p<0.05), respectively. After allometric scaling method was used to decrease the effect of body size on peak CPO, men still had significantly higher peak CPO (2.79±0.4 W m-2 versus 2.46±0.32 W m-2, p<0.05). At peak exercise, a significant positive relationship was found between cardiac power output and end diastolic volume (r=0.60), end diastolic left ventricular internal dimension (r=0.58), stroke volume (r=0.86) and cardiac output (r=0.87). Conclusion: The study showed that men had higher CPO after peak exercise and greater cardiac reserve than women, even after decreasing body size effect

Small force metrology for AFM, stylus instruments, CMM and nanoindenter via reference springs and sensors

With the increasing spread of soft polymer products the calibration of probing forces of atomic force microscopes, stylus instruments, coordinate measuring machines and nanoindenters becomes more and more important in order not to scratch the surface of these products during quality control. New sensors and reference springs for force calibration and new calibration methods for these devices will be presented along with some comparison measurements revealing the status of force and stiffness calibration. The contribution closes with an outlook on the current status of probing force standardization

Heart rate variability before and after cycle exercise in relation to different body positions

The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of three different body positions on HRV measures following short-term submaximal exercise. Thirty young healthy males performed submaximal cycling for five minutes on three different occasions. Measures of HRV were obtained from 5-min R to R wave intervals before the exercise (baseline) and during the last five minutes of a 15 min recovery (post-exercise) in three different body positions (seated, supine, supine with elevated legs). Measures of the mean RR normal-to-normal intervals (RRNN), the standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN), the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) and the low-frequency (LF) and the high-frequency (HF) spectral power were analyzed. Post-exercise RRNN, RMSSD were significantly higher in the two supine positions (p 0.05). Post-exercise time domain measures of HRV (RRNN, SDNN, RMSSD) were significantly lower compared with baseline values (p < 0.01) regardless body position. Post-exercise ln LF and ln HF in all three positions remained significantly reduced during recovery compared to baseline values (p < 0.01). The present study suggests that 15 minutes following short-term submaximal exercise most of the time and frequency domain HRV measures have not returned to pre-exercise values. Modifications in autonomic cardiac regulation induced by body posture present at rest remained after exercise, but the post-exercise differences among the three positions did not resemble the ones established at res

Kalibrierung der Biegesteifigkeit von AFM-Cantilevern mit Kompensationswaagen

Der Beitrag beschreibt die Kalibrierung der Biegesteifigkeit von AFM Cantilevern mit der Messeinrichtung der PTB sowie eine Vergleichsmessung mit einer von der TU Ilmenau verbesserten Messeinrichtung, bei der die Auslenkungsmessung der Cantilever laserinterferometrisch erfolgt. Die erzielten Messunsicherheiten werden diskutiert

Uticaj sistema gajenja u promenljivim vremenskim uslovima na prinos bosiljka

The effect of weather conditions, precipitations and mean daily air temperatures in the vegetation period 2012-2016 on the fresh mass yield of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) in the organic and conventional production systems was investigated. Trials were carried out on chernozem at the experimental fields of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops located in Bački Petrovac. The highest yield in the first harvest was obtained in 2016, in the second in 2013, while the lowest yield was recorded in both harvests in 2012. Growing system is not affect the yield of the basil fresh mass, while the changeable weather conditions in different years had a significant or highly significant effect to the yield.Analiziran je uticaj vremenskih uslova, padavina i srednjih dnevnih temperatura vazduha u vegetacionom periodu 2012-2016. godine na prinos sirove mase bosiljka (Ocimum basilicum L.) koji je gajen u sistemu organske i konvencionalne proizvodnje. Ispitivanja su vršena na zemljištu tipa černozem, na eksperimentalnim poljima Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Bačkom Petrovcu. Najveći prinos u prvom otkosu ostvaren je 2016, u drugom 2013. godine, dok je najmanji prinos u oba otkosa postignut 2012. Sistem gajenja nije značajnije uticao na prinos sirove mase bosiljka, dok su promenljivi vremenski uslovi, odnosno različite godine imale značajan ili veoma značajan uticaj na prinos

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Secondary Antiphospholipid Syndrome after Thymectomy for Myasthenia Gravis - A Case Report

INTRODUCTION: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and myasthenia gravis (MG) are autoimmune diseases that show some similarities: a higher incidence in young women, relapsing-remitting course and positive anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA). However, they are two different clinical syndromes, which can coexist or precede each other. Thymectomy is a therapeutic option for patients with severe MG or thymoma. There are many cases of SLE after thymectomy described in the literature, so the question arises whether thymectomy predisposes patients to SLE and what are imunopathogenetic mechanisms behind this process.CASE REPORT: We report a case of a patient who was diagnosed with SLE and secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) 28 years after thymectomy for MG. Clinical picture of SLE was characterized by cutaneous and articular manifestations, polyserositis, lupus nephritis and immunological parameters showed positive ANA, anti-ds-DNA, excessive consumption of complement components, positive cryoglobulins. Clinical and laboratory immunological parameters for the diagnosis of secondary APS where also present. The patient was initially treated with glucocorticoids followed by mycophenolate mofetil. During one year follow-up patient was in a stable remission of SLE.CONCLUSION: Thymectomy for MG may predispose SLE development in some patients. Further studies are needed to better understand the connection between these two autoimmune diseases