A “Hip-Hop” Broadway Masterpiece or a Misrepresentation of Hip Hop Culture

In February of 2015, a music sensation hit the streets of New York City and started a revolution across the country. The renowned Lin Manuel Miranda; composer, musician and actor, debuted his six-year creation - an integration of hip hop music into the world of Broadway through the sensational story of Alexander Hamilton. Based off of Ron Chernow’s 2004 biography of Alexander Hamilton, this entirely musical production details the story of the poor immigrant who came to America with big ideas and wrote his way to being a predominate figure in American history (Miranda, 2016). Impressive choreography is combined with powerful lyrics to narrate Alexander Hamilton’s journey through war, politics, his family and the birth of our nation. Concerned with protecting his legacy and having his voice heard, Hamilton constantly put himself in compromising positions for the greater good of our country. The show’s unconventional structure and use of race bending casting has caused a true Broadway revolution across the country

Grades 9-10 Global History: Enlightenment

This is a social studies lesson for either grade 9 or 10 on censorship during the Enlightenment. Through this lesson students will understand what censorship is, how it occurs, who was affected by it, and why censorship came about during this period of time. This lesson was tiered on three levels based on ability and readiness. Within each tier the students will complete a RAFT, where they will choose one written activity and one artistic activity

Multi-field representations of KP hierarchies and multi-matrix models

We discuss the integrable hierarchies that appear in multi--matrix models. They can be envisaged as multi--field representations of the KP hierarchy. We then study the possible reductions of this systems via the Dirac reduction method by suppressing successively one by one part of the fields. We find in this way new integrable hierarchies, of which we are able to write the Lax pair representations by means of suitable Drinfeld--Sokolov linear systems. At the bottom of each reduction procedure we find an $N$--th KdV hierarchy. We discuss in detail the case which leads to the KdV hierarchy and to the Boussinesque hierarchy, as well as the general case in the dispersionless limit.Comment: 14 pages, LaTeX, SISSA 53/93/EP, ASITP 93-2

STEM Outreach Activities to Inspire Future Engineers and Scientists

With some basic tools and a plan, students can discover the exciting world engineering and science. We will provide inexpensive materials (paper, masking tape, etc.) for a hands-on activity with professional engineers who appreciate the various skills of budding engineers interested in coming into the field

Manifestations of coronary atherosclerosis in young trauma victims—An autopsy study

AbstractObjectives. The aim of this study was to look at the prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis, its severity aid site of involvement in patients <35 years old who died from noncardiac trauma.Background. Autopsies performed on casualties of the Korean War revealed coronary artery involvement in 77.3% of the hearts studied, and data after the Vietnam War noted the presence of atherosclerosis in 45% of casualties with severe disease in 5%, suggesting a decline in the prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis in young men.Methods. One hundred eleven victims of noncardiac trauma (86.4% white with a mean age of 26 ± 6 years) underwent pathologic examination of their coronary arteries to estimate the presence and severity of coronary atherosclerosis grossly, microscopically and through computerized planimetry. Identified segments of the coronary arteries were sectioned at 3-mm intervals, stained with special stains and after microscopic examination transferred to videotape and digitized to allow estimation of the percent compromise in the lumen area by atherosclerotic plaque.Results. Signs of coronary atherosclerosis were seen in 78.3% of the total study group, with >50% narrowing in 20.7% and >75% narrowing in 9%. No demographic or anatomic features seperated the groups with less or more severe involvement of their coronary arteries. Proximal involvement was more common except in the right coronary artery, which was as frequently involved distally.Conclusions. The overall prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis in a young, predominantly study group was comparable with that noted after the Korean War. Left main or significant two- and three-vessel involvement was noted in 20% of the group studied and emphasizes the need for aggressive risk factor modification in this group

Prolongation of isovolumetric relaxation time as assessed by Doppler echocardiography predicts doxorubicin-induced systolic dysfunction in humans

AbstractA reasonably sensitive and specific noninvasive test for doxorubicin cardiotoxicity is needed. In addition, few data exist on the short- and long-term effects of doxorubicin on diastolic filling. To determine if pulsed Doppler indexes of diastolic filling could predict doxorubicin-induced systolic dysfunction, 26 patients (mean age 48 ± 12 years) were prospectively studied before receiving chemotherapy (control) and 3 weeks after obtaining cumulative doses of doxorubicin.In nine patients developing doxorubicin-induced systolic dysfunction (that is, a decrease in ejection fraction by ≥ 10 ejection fraction units to <55% the isovolumetric relaxation time was prolonged (from 66 ± 18 to 84 ± 24 ms, p < 0.05) after a cumulative doxorubicin dose of 100 to 120 mg/m2. This prolongation preceded a significant decrease in ejection fraction. Other Doppler indexes of filling were impaired after doxorubicin therapy but occurred simultaneously with the decrease in ejection fraction.A >37% increase in isovolumetric relaxation time was 78% (7 of 9) sensitive and 88% (15 of 17) specific for predicting the ultimate development of doxorubicin-induced systolic dysfunction. In 15 patients studied 1 h after the first treatment, doxorubicin enhanced Doppler indexes of filling and shortened isovolumetric relaxation time. In 22 patients, indexes of filling remained impaired and isovolumetric relaxation time was prolonged 3 months after the last doxorubicin dose.In conclusion, doxorubicin-induced systolic dysfunction is reliably predicted by prolongation of Doppler-derived isovolumetric relaxation time. Early after administration, doxorubicin enhances filling and isovolumetric relaxation time. The adverse effects of doxorubicin on both variables persist at least 3 months after cessation of treatment