El turismo gastronómico: la gastronomía española en Londres. Estudio de caso: el chef español José Pizarro

La globalización ha posibilitado la diversificación del turismo para satisfacer las necesidades de un público experto y exigente. Una de las ramas recientes del turismo es la gastronomía como principal incentivo y forma de conocimiento de diferentes culturas. España reacciona ante ello de diversas formas. Trataremos una de ellas, consistente en transmitir nuestro patrimonio gastronómico mediante la apertura y promoción de restaurantes en el exterior. En concreto, nuestro proyecto abordará el estudio de los restaurantes españoles en Londres mediante el análisis de parámetros de dichos establecimientos con la finalidad de ilustrar el auge generalizado de los productos españoles en la capital británica. Además, contamos con la opinión de un profesional del sector, chef José Pizarro, mediante una entrevista personal que tuvo lugar en uno de sus restaurantes y que sirvió de partida para este proyecto de investigaciónGrado en Turism

A Self-Training Framework for Glaucoma Grading In OCT B-Scans

[EN] In this paper, we present a self-training-based framework for glaucoma grading using OCT B-scans under the presence of domain shift. Particularly, the proposed two-step learning methodology resorts to pseudo-labels generated during the first step to augment the training dataset on the target domain, which is then used to train the final target model. This allows transferring knowledge-domain from the unlabeled data. Additionally, we propose a novel glaucoma-specific backbone which introduces residual and attention modules via skip-connections to refine the embedding features of the latent space. By doing this, our model is capable of improving state-of-the-art from a quantitative and interpretability perspective. The reported results demonstrate that the proposed learning strategy can boost the performance of the model on the target dataset without incurring in additional annotation steps, by using only labels from the source examples. Our model consistently outperforms the baseline by 1¿3% across different metrics and bridges the gap with respect to training the model on the labeled target data.We gratefully acknowledge the support of the Generalitat Valenciana (GVA) for the donation of the DGX A100 used for this work, action co-financed by the European Union through the Programa Operativo del Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) de la Comunitat Valenciana 2014-2020 (IDIFEDER/2020/030).García-Pardo, JG.; Colomer, A.; Verdú-Monedero, R.; Dolz, J.; Naranjo Ornedo, V. (2021). A Self-Training Framework for Glaucoma Grading In OCT B-Scans. IEEE. 1281-1285. https://doi.org/10.23919/EUSIPCO54536.2021.9616159S1281128

Automatic Segmentation of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer by Means of Mathematical Morphology and Deformable Models in 2D Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging

[EN] Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease process that leads to progressive damage of the optic nerve to produce visual impairment and blindness. Spectral-domain OCT technology enables peripapillary circular scans of the retina and the measurement of the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) for the assessment of the disease status or progression in glaucoma patients. This paper describes a new approach to segment and measure the retinal nerve fiber layer in peripapillary OCT images. The proposed method consists of two stages. In the first one, morphological operators robustly detect the coarse location of the layer boundaries, despite the speckle noise and diverse artifacts in the OCT image. In the second stage, deformable models are initialized with the results of the previous stage to perform a fine segmentation of the boundaries, providing an accurate measurement of the entire RNFL. The results of the RNFL segmentation were qualitatively assessed by ophthalmologists, and the measurements of the thickness of the RNFL were quantitatively compared with those provided by the OCT inbuilt software as well as the state-of-the-art methods.This work was partially funded by Spanish National projects AES2017-PI17/00771 and AES2017-PI17/00821 (Instituto de Salud Carlos III), PID2019-105142RB-C21 (AI4SKIN) (Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness), PTA2017-14610-I (State Research Spanish Agency), regional project 20901/PI/18 (Fundacion Seneca) and Polytechnic University of Valencia (PAID-01-20).Berenguer-Vidal, R.; Verdú-Monedero, R.; Morales-Sánchez, J.; Sellés-Navarro, I.; Del Amor, R.; García-Pardo, JG.; Naranjo Ornedo, V. (2021). Automatic Segmentation of the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer by Means of Mathematical Morphology and Deformable Models in 2D Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging. Sensors. 21(23):1-30. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21238027S130212

Conocimiento sobre Consentimiento Informado en Odontología. Una encuesta aplicada a los odontólogos de la Universidad Europea de Valencia

Introducción: Conocer los aspectos fundamentales del consentimiento informado es imprescindible para una correcta practica clínica odontológica. Objetivo: Valorar el conocimiento de los odontólogos sobre el Consentimiento Informado y relacionarlo con género, edad y especialidad del odontólogo. Analizar la relación entre apreciación sobre la formación ética del odontólogo y el manejo de situaciones éticas en la consulta con género, edad y especialidad del odontólogo. Material y método: se aplicó un cuestionario online a los odontólogos que prestan servicio en la Clínica odontológica de la Universidad Europea de Valencia. Resultados: se analizaron 62 cuestionarios. Se obtuvo una nota ponderada de 4,27 ± 0,55 en conocimiento objetivo. Conclusiones: Los odontólogos suelen tener un nivel de conocimiento entre medio y bajo. No se ha encontrado ninguna diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre el nivel de conocimientos sobre consentimiento informado en Odontología y las variables edad, género y especialidad. La percepción que el odontólogo tiene sobre su formación ética no guarda ninguna diferencia estadísticamente significativa con edad, género y especialidad. El manejo de la situación clínica guarda una relación estadísticamente significativa con la especialidad de Ortodoncia con independencia de la edad y género del odontólogo. En relación a la segunda situación clínica no se ha encontrado ninguna diferencia estadísticamente significativa con respecto a edad, género y especialidad del odontólogo

La filosofía entre el bachillerato y la universidad: Perspectivas docentes para la educación en el siglo XXI

Depto. de Lógica y Filosofía TeóricaGrupo de Investigación "Metafísica, Crítica y Política"Fac. de FilosofíaFALSEsubmitte

Asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis and cerebrovascular risk stratification

Background The purpose of this study was to determine the cerebrovascular risk stratification potential of baseline degree of stenosis, clinical features, and ultrasonic plaque characteristics in patients with asymptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis. Methods This was a prospective, multicenter, cohort study of patients undergoing medical intervention for vascular disease. Hazard ratios for ICA stenosis, clinical features, and plaque texture features associated with ipsilateral cerebrovascular or retinal ischemic (CORI) events were calculated using proportional hazards models. Results A total of 1121 patients with 50% to 99% asymptomatic ICA stenosis in relation to the bulb (European Carotid Surgery Trial [ECST] method) were followed-up for 6 to 96 months (mean, 48). A total of 130 ipsilateral CORI events occurred. Severity of stenosis, age, systolic blood pressure, increased serum creatinine, smoking history of more than 10 pack-years, history of contralateral transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) or stroke, low grayscale median (GSM), increased plaque area, plaque types 1, 2, and 3, and the presence of discrete white areas (DWAs) without acoustic shadowing were associated with increased risk. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for predicted risk versus observed CORI events as a measure of model validity. The areas under the ROC curves for a model of stenosis alone, a model of stenosis combined with clinical features and a model of stenosis combined with clinical, and plaque features were 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54-0.64), 0.66 (0.62-0.72), and 0.82 (0.78-0.86), respectively. In the last model, stenosis, history of contralateral TIAs or stroke, GSM, plaque area, and DWAs were independent predictors of ipsilateral CORI events. Combinations of these could stratify patients into different levels of risk for ipsilateral CORI and stroke, with predicted risk close to observed risk. Of the 923 patients with <70% stenosis, the predicted cumulative 5-year stroke rate was <5% in 495, 5% to 9.9% in 202, 10% to 19.9% in 142, and <20% in 84 patients. Conclusion Cerebrovascular risk stratification is possible using a combination of clinical and ultrasonic plaque features. These findings need to be validated in additional prospective studies of patients receiving optimal medical intervention alone. Copyright © 2010 by the Society for Vascular Surgery

The size of juxtaluminal hypoechoic area in ultrasound images of asymptomatic carotid plaques predicts the occurrence of stroke

Objective: To test the hypothesis that the size of a juxtaluminal black (hypoechoic) area (JBA) in ultrasound images of asymptomatic carotid artery plaques predicts future ipsilateral ischemic stroke. Methods: A JBA was defined as an area of pixels with a grayscale value &lt;25 adjacent to the lumen without a visible echogenic cap after image normalization. The size of a JBA was measured in the carotid plaque images of 1121 patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis 50% to 99% in relation to the bulb (Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis and Risk of Stroke study); the patients were followed for up to 8 years. Results: The JBA had a linear association with future stroke rate. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve was 0.816. Using Kaplan-Meier curves, the mean annual stroke rate was 0.4% in 706 patients with a JBA &lt;4 mm 2, 1.4% in 171 patients with a JBA 4 to 8 mm2, 3.2% in 46 patients with a JBA 8 to 10 mm2, and 5% in 198 patients with a JBA &gt;10 mm2 (P &lt;.001). In a Cox model with ipsilateral ischemic events (amaurosis fugax, transient ischemic attack [TIA], or stroke) as the dependent variable, the JBA (&lt;4 mm2, 4-8 mm2, &gt;8 mm2) was still significant after adjusting for other plaque features known to be associated with increased risk, including stenosis, grayscale median, presence of discrete white areas without acoustic shadowing indicating neovascularization, plaque area, and history of contralateral TIA or stroke. Plaque area and grayscale median were not significant. Using the significant variables (stenosis, discrete white areas without acoustic shadowing, JBA, and history of contralateral TIA or stroke), this model predicted the annual risk of stroke for each patient (range, 0.1%-10.0%). The average annual stroke risk was &lt;1% in 734 patients, 1% to 1.9% in 94 patients, 2% to 3.9% in 134 patients, 4% to 5.9% in 125 patients, and 6% to 10% in 34 patients. Conclusions: The size of a JBA is linearly related to the risk of stroke and can be used in risk stratification models. These findings need to be confirmed in future prospective studies or in the medical arm of randomized controlled studies in the presence of optimal medical therapy. In the meantime, the JBA may be used to select asymptomatic patients at high stroke risk for carotid endarterectomy and spare patients at low risk from an unnecessary operation

Post-Franco Theatre

In the multiple realms and layers that comprise the contemporary Spanish theatrical landscape, “crisis” would seem to be the word that most often lingers in the air, as though it were a common mantra, ready to roll off the tongue of so many theatre professionals with such enormous ease, and even enthusiasm, that one is prompted to wonder whether it might indeed be a miracle that the contemporary technological revolution – coupled with perpetual quandaries concerning public and private funding for the arts – had not by now brought an end to the evolution of the oldest of live arts, or, at the very least, an end to drama as we know it

La escuela de odontología de Madrid

Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública e Historia de la Ciencia, leída el 10/05/2013Depto. de CirugíaFac. de MedicinaTRUEunpu