Desafios à Gestão de uma ONG Agrestina: o caso do Centro de Educação Popular Assunção (CEPA) sob diversos olhares

Este relato de experiência reúne e articula olhares reflexivos (do atual presidente da instituição, de um professor universitário atuante na assessoria à gestão da entidade e de dois então estudantes de administração e estagiários da mesma) com o objetivo de partilhar desafios e sistematizar avanços na gestão de uma ONG do Agreste de Pernambuco, o Centro de Educação Popular Assunção (Cepa). Constituem os principais temas abordados no trabalho: a necessidade de pensamento estratégico; as relações interpessoais e o propósito da educação popular; os processos decisórios; os processos administrativos; as memórias e os arquivos organizacionais; uma ação de captação de recursos; e a clareza dos papéis de cada profissional. Como ponto de chegada, pretende-se apontar pistas para um melhor enfrentamento dos desafios que surgem na trajetória do Cepa. Ao fazê-lo, acreditamos contribuir para a formação e o conhecimento no campo da Gestão Social

Mapeando Dificuldades e Intervenções no Cotidiano das Organizações de Cultura Popular em Caruaru-PE

Neste texto, o objetivo é refletir sobre o cotidiano de organizações de culturas populares em Caruaru-PE, a partir de duas vivências: a primeira, referente ao mapeamento das principais dificuldades vividas por mestres(as), e a segunda, referente às intervenções realizadas. Partimos da noção de cotidiano de Michel de Certeau, para compreender as práticas táticas (ou microrresistências), e a premissa filosófica das práticas para a compreensão da realidade social. Realizamos conversas informais e entrevistas semiestruturadas com doze mestres(as) de onze diferentes segmentos da cultura popular e observações não participantes. Destacamos que as dificuldades mapeadas são expressões dos conflitos existentes no cotidiano dos(as) mestres(as), levando-os a realizar práticas táticas. Ademais, ressaltamos as ações de intervenção como possíveis microrresistências às práticas acadêmicas instituídas, capazes de se relacionar com as práticas das próprias organizações de culturas populares, criando “espaços” nos “lugares” instituídos, e constituindo o cotidiano

ARIA 2016 : Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle

The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma and rhinitis and (3) to develop guidelines with all stakeholders that could be used globally for all countries and populations. ARIA-disseminated and implemented in over 70 countries globally-is now focusing on the implementation of emerging technologies for individualized and predictive medicine. MASK [MACVIA (Contre les Maladies Chroniques pour un Vieillissement Actif)-ARIA Sentinel NetworK] uses mobile technology to develop care pathways for the management of rhinitis and asthma by a multi-disciplinary group and by patients themselves. An app (Android and iOS) is available in 20 countries and 15 languages. It uses a visual analogue scale to assess symptom control and work productivity as well as a clinical decision support system. It is associated with an inter-operable tablet for physicians and other health care professionals. The scaling up strategy uses the recommendations of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. The aim of the novel ARIA approach is to provide an active and healthy life to rhinitis sufferers, whatever their age, sex or socio-economic status, in order to reduce health and social inequalities incurred by the disease.Peer reviewe

Adherence to treatment in allergic rhinitis using mobile technology. The MASK Study

Background: Mobile technology may help to better understand the adherence to treatment. MASK-rhinitis (Mobile Airways Sentinel NetworK for allergic rhinitis) is a patient-centred ICT system. A mobile phone app (the Allergy Diary) central to MASK is available in 22 countries. Objectives: To assess the adherence to treatment in allergic rhinitis patients using the Allergy Diary App. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out on all users who filled in the Allergy Diary from 1 January 2016 to 1 August 2017. Secondary adherence was assessed by using the modified Medication Possession Ratio (MPR) and the Proportion of days covered (PDC) approach. Results: A total of 12143 users were registered. A total of 6949 users reported at least one VAS data recording. Among them, 1887 users reported >= 7 VAS data. About 1195 subjects were included in the analysis of adherence. One hundred and thirty-six (11.28%) users were adherent (MPR >= 70% and PDC = 70% and PDC = 1.50) and 176 (14.60%) were switchers. On the other hand, 832 (69.05%) users were non-adherent to medications (MPR Conclusion and clinical relevance: Adherence to treatment is low. The relative efficacy of continuous vs on-demand treatment for allergic rhinitis symptoms is still a matter of debate. This study shows an approach for measuring retrospective adherence based on a mobile app. This also represents a novel approach for analysing medication-taking behaviour in a real-world setting.Peer reviewe

Cabbage and fermented vegetables : From death rate heterogeneity in countries to candidates for mitigation strategies of severe COVID-19

Large differences in COVID-19 death rates exist between countries and between regions of the same country. Some very low death rate countries such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, or the Balkans have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods. Although biases exist when examining ecological studies, fermented vegetables or cabbage have been associated with low death rates in European countries. SARS-CoV-2 binds to its receptor, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). As a result of SARS-CoV-2 binding, ACE2 downregulation enhances the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT(1)R) axis associated with oxidative stress. This leads to insulin resistance as well as lung and endothelial damage, two severe outcomes of COVID-19. The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) is the most potent antioxidant in humans and can block in particular the AT(1)R axis. Cabbage contains precursors of sulforaphane, the most active natural activator of Nrf2. Fermented vegetables contain many lactobacilli, which are also potent Nrf2 activators. Three examples are: kimchi in Korea, westernized foods, and the slum paradox. It is proposed that fermented cabbage is a proof-of-concept of dietary manipulations that may enhance Nrf2-associated antioxidant effects, helpful in mitigating COVID-19 severity.Peer reviewe

Nrf2-interacting nutrients and COVID-19 : time for research to develop adaptation strategies

There are large between- and within-country variations in COVID-19 death rates. Some very low death rate settings such as Eastern Asia, Central Europe, the Balkans and Africa have a common feature of eating large quantities of fermented foods whose intake is associated with the activation of the Nrf2 (Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2) anti-oxidant transcription factor. There are many Nrf2-interacting nutrients (berberine, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, quercetin, resveratrol, sulforaphane) that all act similarly to reduce insulin resistance, endothelial damage, lung injury and cytokine storm. They also act on the same mechanisms (mTOR: Mammalian target of rapamycin, PPAR gamma:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, NF kappa B: Nuclear factor kappa B, ERK: Extracellular signal-regulated kinases and eIF2 alpha:Elongation initiation factor 2 alpha). They may as a result be important in mitigating the severity of COVID-19, acting through the endoplasmic reticulum stress or ACE-Angiotensin-II-AT(1)R axis (AT(1)R) pathway. Many Nrf2-interacting nutrients are also interacting with TRPA1 and/or TRPV1. Interestingly, geographical areas with very low COVID-19 mortality are those with the lowest prevalence of obesity (Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia). It is tempting to propose that Nrf2-interacting foods and nutrients can re-balance insulin resistance and have a significant effect on COVID-19 severity. It is therefore possible that the intake of these foods may restore an optimal natural balance for the Nrf2 pathway and may be of interest in the mitigation of COVID-19 severity

Saberes e Práticas Organizativas das Culturas Populares na cidade de Caruaru, Pernambuco, Brasil

This paper examines the embodied practical knowledge (know-how) that make up the organizational practices of popular cultures in the northeast Brazilian municipality of Caruaru, located in the microzone of Agreste in the state of Pernambuco. We held informal and semi-structured interviews with fifteen masters and artists from Caruaru, linked to eleven different popular culture segments, and performed non-participant observation in workshops, meetings, and forums. Our discussion reflects on the ancestries, affections between family members, masters and apprentices, explicit rules, conflicts, and distinctions constituting the popular know-how that underlies organizational practices. We highlight as the main contributions of this study to Organizational Studies: the production of authentic knowledge about organizing practiced in peripheral contexts; and the questioning of the distinction between ‘knowing’ and ‘doing’ and instrumental rationality as the basis for organizational practices. Finally, we point out how practice theory initiates a wider discussion about popular cultures in a peripheral context like the Agreste of Pernambuco, which includes the contribution of other perspectives and leads to concrete actions in practice.Este artigo investiga os saberes práticos incorporados (saberes-fazeres) que compõem as práticas organizativas das culturas populares na cidade de Caruaru, localizada na região Agreste do estado de Pernambuco, no Nordeste brasileiro. Realizamos entrevistas informais e semiestruturadas com 15 mestres, mestras e artistas de Caruaru, ligados(as) a onze diferentes segmentos das culturas populares, e realizamos observações não participantes em oficinas, reuniões e fóruns. Nossa discussão reflete sobre ancestralidades, afetos entre familiares, mestres, mestras e aprendizes, regras explícitas, conflitos e distinções que constituem os saberes-fazeres populares subjacentes às práticas organizativas. Destacamos como principais contribuições do artigo aos Estudos Organizacionais: a produção de conhecimento autêntico sobre organizações localizadas em contextos periféricos; e o questionamento da distinção entre ‘saber’ e ‘fazer’ e da racionalidade instrumental como a base das práticas organizativas. Finalmente, apontamos como a teoria da prática inicia uma discussão ampla sobre as culturas populares num contexto periférico como o Agreste de Pernambuco, que inclui a contribuição de outras perspectivas e conduz a ações concretas na prática

AIRWAYS-ICPs (European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing) from concept to implementation

Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are major non-communicable diseases (NCDs) that induce a significant burden. Asthma often occurs along the life cycle from early childhood, affecting 30 million children and adults under 45 years of age in Europe. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has an estimated annual death rate of over 3 million people globally. The annual direct and indirect costs in the 28 European Union (EU) countries due to COPD or asthma are estimated at 48 billion euros and 34 billion euros respectively. Rhinitis occurs in over 100 million people in Europe, and indirect costs are enormous [4]. Asthma is a common risk factor for COPD. CRDs impact ageing and should be prevented, recognised and managed across the life cycle to promote active and healthy ageing (AHA). There is an urgent need to act globally

Second asymptomatic carotid surgery trial (ACST-2) : a randomised comparison of carotid artery stenting versus carotid endarterectomy

Background: Among asymptomatic patients with severe carotid artery stenosis but no recent stroke or transient cerebral ischaemia, either carotid artery stenting (CAS) or carotid endarterectomy (CEA) can restore patency and reduce long-term stroke risks. However, from recent national registry data, each option causes about 1% procedural risk of disabling stroke or death. Comparison of their long-term protective effects requires large-scale randomised evidence. Methods: ACST-2 is an international multicentre randomised trial of CAS versus CEA among asymptomatic patients with severe stenosis thought to require intervention, interpreted with all other relevant trials. Patients were eligible if they had severe unilateral or bilateral carotid artery stenosis and both doctor and patient agreed that a carotid procedure should be undertaken, but they were substantially uncertain which one to choose. Patients were randomly allocated to CAS or CEA and followed up at 1 month and then annually, for a mean 5 years. Procedural events were those within 30 days of the intervention. Intention-to-treat analyses are provided. Analyses including procedural hazards use tabular methods. Analyses and meta-analyses of non-procedural strokes use Kaplan-Meier and log-rank methods. The trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN21144362. Findings: Between Jan 15, 2008, and Dec 31, 2020, 3625 patients in 130 centres were randomly allocated, 1811 to CAS and 1814 to CEA, with good compliance, good medical therapy and a mean 5 years of follow-up. Overall, 1% had disabling stroke or death procedurally (15 allocated to CAS and 18 to CEA) and 2% had non-disabling procedural stroke (48 allocated to CAS and 29 to CEA). Kaplan-Meier estimates of 5-year non-procedural stroke were 2·5% in each group for fatal or disabling stroke, and 5·3% with CAS versus 4·5% with CEA for any stroke (rate ratio [RR] 1·16, 95% CI 0·86-1·57; p=0·33). Combining RRs for any non-procedural stroke in all CAS versus CEA trials, the RR was similar in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients (overall RR 1·11, 95% CI 0·91-1·32; p=0·21). Interpretation: Serious complications are similarly uncommon after competent CAS and CEA, and the long-term effects of these two carotid artery procedures on fatal or disabling stroke are comparable