Mujeres estudiantes de educación superior y los factores psicosociales en el marco del binomio pasividad-violencia

En el presente trabajo se muestran los resultados preliminares de una investigación que está explorando la cuestión de la violencia-pasividad en estudiantes de educación superior. Su objetivo es iniciar la construcción de indicadores sobre las características psicosociales en mujeres estudiantes que han sufrido violencia de género. El supuesto del que se parte es que hay ciertas características psico-sociales de pasividad-violencia en las estudiantes que viven o han vivido relaciones de violencia, colocándolas en lugares subjetivos emocionales que les impiden trabajar racionalmente sus relaciones interpersonales. Los resultados preliminares son de un cuestionario-escala que explora las conductas agresivas de relaciones de pareja en orden psicológico, aplicado a una muestra de 329 alumnos de educación superior en Tabasco, México. Enfatizado las acciones femeninas -en relación a las agresiones masculinas-, donde se presentan conductas simultáneas y/o opuestas que oscilan entre víctima, partícipe, resistencia, agresión, anulación

El desarrollo de competencias clave relacionadas con el manejo de información. Elementos del entorno universitario que lo respaldan

Objetivo. El estudio tuvo como propósito identificar los elementos más sobresalientes del ecosistema universitario que tienen el potencial de respaldar el desarrollo de cinco competencias clave vinculadas con el manejo eficiente de información en los estudiantes: las competencias de pensamiento crítico, las informacionales, las competencias investigativas, la competencia lectora y las competencias de alfabetización académica. Diseño/Metodología/Enfoque. La investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo y se fundamentó en una revisión de la literatura para localizar experiencias documentadas en las que se hayan realizado ejercicios similares; la información obtenida se complementó con puntos de vista y propuestas de los autores, derivados de su experiencia como bibliotecarios y como docentes.Resultados/Discusión. Se propone y describe un conjunto de cuatro categorías de elementos que se considera pueden aportar al fomento de las competencias bajo estudio: actores universitarios, documentos, espacios e infraestructura para el aprendizaje y programas formativos extracurriculares.Conclusiones. Los elementos identificados y descritos brevemente son comunes en las universidades y, si operan colaborativa y sistemáticamente, pueden incidir en el fortalecimiento de las competencias clave vinculadas con el uso eficiente de la información.Originalidad/valor. El tema ha sido poco abordado y reportado en la literatura. El esquema propuesto puede ser de utilidad para guiar en el planteamiento de programas que fortalezcan las competencias relacionadas con el aprovechamiento de la información y para una evaluación posterior, incluso ser útil para impulsar otras competencias clave.

Bibliotecas virtuales, acceso abierto y derechos de autor

The book gathers the works presented in III Environmental Observatory Colloquium organized by El Colegio de Chihuahua with the theme of Virtual libraries and their use in research. The purpose is to lay the groundwork for a necessary analysis and permanent in the way that are being given these dizzying changes and the impact they are producing, mainly in the investigation from technical, legal, ethical, economic and social perspectives, among other. For this, a variety of works are presented by professionals who work constantly with information producers, users or as intermediaries of the same. The book should be of interest and useful for those people who fall into one of these categories, which increasingly, we are all

Bibliotecas virtuales, acceso abierto y derechos de autor

The book gathers the works presented in III Environmental Observatory Colloquium organized by El Colegio de Chihuahua with the theme of Virtual libraries and their use in research. The purpose is to lay the groundwork for a necessary analysis and permanent in the way that are being given these dizzying changes and the impact they are producing, mainly in the investigation from technical, legal, ethical, economic and social perspectives, among other. For this, a variety of works are presented by professionals who work constantly with information producers, users or as intermediaries of the same. The book should be of interest and useful for those people who fall into one of these categories, which increasingly, we are all

Efecto de la aplicación intrauterina de ozono sobre la migración de neutrófilos y la endometritis subclínica en ganado lechero

The objective was to determine whether an ozonized saline solution (O3SS) increases endometrial polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNN) (Exp 1) and to challenge the preventive effect of O3SS on subclinical endometritis (SCE) (Exp 2). In Exp 1, 38 primiparous Holstein cows were used. Cows with (WHM) and no history of postpartum metritis (NHM) were included; they were then divided into control (CTRL, saline solution) or O3SS (6.7 ± 0.3 ppm) subgroups. At 55 d postpartum, 50 ml of CTRL or O3SS was applied intrauterinely and at 48 h, the quantity of PMNN was recorded by endometrial cytology. In Exp 2, 26 primiparous NHM Holstein cows were used. The cows were randomly distributed in CTRL or O3SS. Two doses of 50 ml were administered with an interval of 7 d (first application 11.3 ± 0.4 d postpartum). At d 30 postpartum, SCE (≥6 % PMNN) was diagnosed. WHM cows had higher numbers of endometrial PMNN compared to NHM cows (13.9 ± 6.2 vs 1.0 ± 0.46, P0.05) and the NHM-CTRL and NHM-O3SS groups (0.1 ± 0.1 and 1.8 ± 4.8, P>0.05) were not different. A statistical trend (P=0.09) of lower percentage of SCE was observed in the CTRL group compared to O3SS (15.4 and 46.2 %, respectively). In conclusion, transcervical O3SS does not increase the number of endometrial PMNN and preventive treatment with O3SS applied to NHM cows did not decrease SCE. The results suggest a possible anti-inflammatory effect of the ionized saline solution treatment.El objetivo fue determinar si una solución salina ozonizada (SSO3) incrementa los neutrófilos polimorfonucleares (NPMN) endometriales (Exp 1) y desafiar el efecto preventivo de SSO3 sobre la endometritis subclínica (ESC) (Exp 2). En el Exp 1 se utilizaron 38 vacas Holstein primíparas. Se incluyeron vacas con (CAM) y sin antecedentes de metritis postparto (SAM); posteriormente se repartieron en subgrupos control (CTRL, solución salina) o SSO3 (6.7 ± 0.3 ppm). A los 55 días postparto se aplicó 50 ml de CTRL o SSO3 intrauterinamente y a las 48 h se registró la cantidad de NPMN por citología endometrial. En el Exp 2 se utilizaron 26 vacas Holstein primíparas SAM. Las vacas se repartieron aleatoriamente en CTRL o SSO3. Se administraron dos dosis de 50 ml con intervalo de 7 días (primera aplicación 11.3 ± 0.4 días postparto). Al día 30 postparto se diagnosticó ESC (≥6% NPMN). Las vacas CAM tuvieron mayor número de NPMN endometriales comparado con vacas SAM (13.9 ± 6.2 vs 1.0±0.46, P0.05) y SAM-CTRL y SAM-SSO3 (0.1 ± 0.1 y 1.8 ± 4.8, P>0.05) no fueron diferentes. Se observó una tendencia estadística (P=0.09) de menor porcentaje de ESC en grupo CTRL comparado con SSO3 (15.4 y 46.2 %, respectivamente). En conclusión, la SSO3 por vía transcervical no incrementa el número de NPMN endometriales y el tratamiento preventivo con SSO3 aplicado a vacas SAM no disminuyó la ESC. Los resultados sugieren un posible efecto antiinflamatorio del tratamiento solución salina ionizada

A genome-wide association study follow-up suggests a possible role for PPARG in systemic sclerosis susceptibility

Introduction: A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) comprising a French cohort of systemic sclerosis (SSc) reported several non-HLA single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showing a nominal association in the discovery phase. We aimed to identify previously overlooked susceptibility variants by using a follow-up strategy.<p></p> Methods: Sixty-six non-HLA SNPs showing a P value <10-4 in the discovery phase of the French SSc GWAS were analyzed in the first step of this study, performing a meta-analysis that combined data from the two published SSc GWASs. A total of 2,921 SSc patients and 6,963 healthy controls were included in this first phase. Two SNPs, PPARG rs310746 and CHRNA9 rs6832151, were selected for genotyping in the replication cohort (1,068 SSc patients and 6,762 healthy controls) based on the results of the first step. Genotyping was performed by using TaqMan SNP genotyping assays. Results: We observed nominal associations for both PPARG rs310746 (PMH = 1.90 × 10-6, OR, 1.28) and CHRNA9 rs6832151 (PMH = 4.30 × 10-6, OR, 1.17) genetic variants with SSc in the first step of our study. In the replication phase, we observed a trend of association for PPARG rs310746 (P value = 0.066; OR, 1.17). The combined overall Mantel-Haenszel meta-analysis of all the cohorts included in the present study revealed that PPARG rs310746 remained associated with SSc with a nominal non-genome-wide significant P value (PMH = 5.00 × 10-7; OR, 1.25). No evidence of association was observed for CHRNA9 rs6832151 either in the replication phase or in the overall pooled analysis.<p></p> Conclusion: Our results suggest a role of PPARG gene in the development of SSc

Stellar Disks in Aquarius Dark Matter Haloes

We investigate the gravitational interactions between live stellar disks and their dark matter halos, using LCDM haloes similar in mass to that of the Milky Way taken from the Aquarius Project. We introduce the stellar disks by first allowing the haloes to respond to the influence of a growing rigid disk potential from z = 1.3 to z = 1.0. The rigid potential is then replaced with star particles which evolve self-consistently with the dark matter particles until z = 0.0. Regardless of the initial orientation of the disk, the inner parts of the haloes contract and change from prolate to oblate as the disk grows to its full size. When the disk normal is initially aligned with the major axis of the halo at z=1.3, the length of the major axis contracts and becomes the minor axis by z=1.0. Six out of the eight disks in our main set of simulations form bars, and five of the six bars experience a buckling instability that results in a sudden jump in the vertical stellar velocity dispersion and an accompanying drop in the m=2 Fourier amplitude of the disk surface density. The bars are not destroyed by the buckling but continue to grow until the present day. Bars are largely absent when the disk mass is reduced by a factor of two or more; the relative disk-to-halo mass is therefore a primary factor in bar formation and evolution. A subset of the disks is warped at the outskirts and contains prominent non-coplanar material with a ring-like structure. Many disks reorient by large angles between z=1 and z=0, following a coherent reorientation of their inner haloes. Larger reorientations produce more strongly warped disks, suggesting a tight link between the two phenomena. The origins of bars and warps appear independent: some disks with strong bars show no disturbances at the outskirts, while the disks with the weakest bars show severe warps.Comment: 19 pages, 13 figures, accepted MNRAS; fixed compatibility problem in figures 8,

Thermogalvanic effects on the corrosion of copper in heavy brine LiBr solutions

Thermogalvanic corrosion of copper in heavy brine LiBr solutions has been investigated using a zero-resistance ammeter (ZRA). The temperature gradients between copper electrodes immersed in the same LiBr solution result in the formation of thermogalvanic cells with hot anodes, leading to high and sustained thermogalvanic currents. Copper loss rates, calculated using Faraday's law, substantially exceed 0.025 mm year−1, a value regarded as the threshold of low corrosion rates. The effects of thermogalvanic coupling on the surface properties of the anode and the cathode have been analysed by means of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results obtained in this analysis have been related to the process of copper electrodissolution in bromide media

Metabolism within the tumor microenvironment and its implication on cancer progression: an ongoing therapeutic target

Since reprogramming energy metabolism is considered a new hallmark of cancer, tumor metabolism is again in the spotlight of cancer research. Many studies have been carried out and many possible therapies have been developed in the last years. However, tumor cells are not alone. A series of extracellular components and stromal cells, such as endothelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-infiltrating T cells, surround tumor cells in the so-called tumor microenvironment. Metabolic features of these cells are being studied in deep in order to find relationships between metabolism within the tumor microenvironment and tumor progression. Moreover, it cannot be forgotten that tumor growth is able to modulate host metabolism and homeostasis, so that tumor microenvironment is not the whole story. Importantly, the metabolic switch in cancer is just a consequence of the flexibility and adaptability of metabolism and should not be surprising. Treatments of cancer patients with combined therapies including anti-tumor agents with those targeting stromal cell metabolism, anti-angiogenic drugs and/or immunotherapy are being developed as promising therapeutics.Mª Carmen Ocaña is recipient of a predoctoral FPU grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport. Supported by grants BIO2014-56092-R (MINECO and FEDER), P12-CTS-1507 (Andalusian Government and FEDER) and funds from group BIO-267 (Andalusian Government). The "CIBER de Enfermedades Raras" is an initiative from the ISCIII (Spain). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript

Nut production in Bertholletia excelsa across a logged forest mosaic: implications for multiple forest use

Although many examples of multiple-use forest management may be found in tropical smallholder systems, few studies provide empirical support for the integration of selective timber harvesting with non-timber forest product (NTFP) extraction. Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa, Lecythidaceae) is one of the world’s most economically-important NTFP species extracted almost entirely from natural forests across the Amazon Basin. An obligate out-crosser, Brazil nut flowers are pollinated by large-bodied bees, a process resulting in a hard round fruit that takes up to 14 months to mature. As many smallholders turn to the financial security provided by timber, Brazil nut fruits are increasingly being harvested in logged forests. We tested the influence of tree and stand-level covariates (distance to nearest cut stump and local logging intensity) on total nut production at the individual tree level in five recently logged Brazil nut concessions covering about 4000 ha of forest in Madre de Dios, Peru. Our field team accompanied Brazil nut harvesters during the traditional harvest period (January-April 2012 and January-April 2013) in order to collect data on fruit production. Three hundred and ninety-nine (approximately 80%) of the 499 trees included in this study were at least 100 m from the nearest cut stump, suggesting that concessionaires avoid logging near adult Brazil nut trees. Yet even for those trees on the edge of logging gaps, distance to nearest cut stump and local logging intensity did not have a statistically significant influence on Brazil nut production at the applied logging intensities (typically 1–2 timber trees removed per ha). In one concession where at least 4 trees ha-1 were removed, however, the logging intensity covariate resulted in a marginally significant (0.09) P value, highlighting a potential risk for a drop in nut production at higher intensities. While we do not suggest that logging activities should be completely avoided in Brazil nut rich forests, when a buffer zone cannot be observed, low logging intensities should be implemented. The sustainability of this integrated management system will ultimately depend on a complex series of socioeconomic and ecological interactions. Yet we submit that our study provides an important initial step in understanding the compatibility of timber harvesting with a high value NTFP, potentially allowing for diversification of forest use strategies in Amazonian Perù