Comparação de parâmetros físico-químicos durante a vinificação de uvas Cabernet Sauvignon, produzidas em Lages e São Joaquim

Wine is an alcoholic beverage of complex composition due to the biological, chemical, physical and enzymatic transformations that occur during its processing. Among natural factors, climatic conditions on grape maturation can influence the concentration of sugar and organic acids and the content of volatile and fenolic compounds. This work had as objective to compare wine quality during the vinification, from the Cabernet Sauvignon cultivar, harvested at two different production regions of Santa Catarina (Lages and São Joaquim), through physical-chemical monitoring of the compounds and sensorial evaluation. Wine was elaborated through microvinification, in the 2006 growing season. Samples for determining physical and chemical characteristics of winemaking were collected as follows: analyze of the most, immediately after grape crushing, and analyze of the wine, on maturation. Results indicated that wine from São Joaquim showed superior grades of alcohol, total acidity, total poliphenols, anthocyanins and tannins than that from Lages. The wine from São Joaquim also presented larger color intensity, greater acidity and astringency and more body, in the sensorial evaluation.O vinho é uma bebida de composição complexa devido às transformações biológicas, químicas, físicas e enzimáticas que ocorrem em seu processamento. Entre os fatores naturais, as condições climáticas durante o período de maturação da uva podem influenciar nas concentrações de açúcar e de ácidos orgânicos, no teor de compostos voláteis e de compostos fenólicos da uva. Este trabalho teve como objetivo comparar a qualidade do vinho, durante a vinificação, do cultivar Cabernet Sauvignon proveniente de duas regiões do Estado de Santa Catarina, Lages e São Joaquim, através do monitoramento dos componentes físico-químicos e avaliação sensorial. Os vinhos foram elaborados por microvinificação, na safra de 2006. A retirada das amostras para a determinação das análises físicoquímicas foi realizada da seguinte forma: análise do mosto, imediatamente após o esmagamento da uva, e análise do vinho, na maturação. Observou-se que o vinho produzido com uvas de São Joaquim apresentou grau alcoólico, acidez total, polifenóis totais, antocianinas e taninos superiores ao vinho de Lages. Na avaliação sensorial, o vinho de São Joaquim caracterizou-se por apresentar maior intensidade de cor, maior acidez e adstringência e mais corpo

Manejo do dossel vegetativo e qualidade físico-química dos cachos de ‘Sangiovese’ e ‘Tempranillo’ em região microclimática de altitude

Canopy management is an important tool for adjusting the balance between leaf area and yield, though its effect on grape quality depends on the type of management, the time at which measurements are taken and the soil and climate conditions of the vineyard. The aim of this study was to evaluate lateral shoot removal as it affects the physo-chemical qualities of grape bunches grown at high altitude at the moment in which the berries were changing color. The experiment, conducted in a commercial vineyard in Sao Joaquim, SC (28°17‘S; 49°55’; 1,150 m altitude), tested Sangiovese grapes from 2007 to 2008, and Tempranillo grapes from 2008 to 2009. These varietals were grafted onto Paulsen 1103 and placed on a trelace training system, double-spaced at 3.0 m x 1.5 m. Canopy management controls were applied without removing side shoots in order to maintain a leaf-area of 2.50 m2 per kg of Sangiovese cultivars and 3.54 m2 per kg of Tempranillo cultivars. In the Sangiovese cultivar for the 2006/07 season, the cluster and rachis had a higher relative mass in plants in which the leaf area was not reduced, while an increase in the content of soluble solids and easily extractable anthocyanins in the plants with reduced leaf areas was observed, increasing the quality of early ripening Sangiovese grapes. No significant difference in physical-chemical qualities was observed in the Tempranillo cultivar when reducing the canopy leaf area in the early ripening berries for both crop seasons.O manejo do dossel vegetativo é uma ferramenta importante para ajustar o balanço entre a área foliar e a produção, porém o efeito na qualidade da uva depende do tipo de manejo, época realizada e condições edafoclimáticas do vinhedo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da remoção de feminelas, no momento de virada de cor das bagas, na qualidade físico-química dos cachos de uvas cultivadas em região de altitude. O experimento foi realizado em vinhedo comercial, no município de São Joaquim-SC (28°17’S; 49°55’O; 1.150 m de altitude). Utilizou-se a cultivar Sangiovese na safra 2007 e 2008 e a cultivar Tempranillo na safra 2008 e 2009, enxertadas sobre Paulsen 1103, sustentadas no sistema espaldeira e conduzidas em cordão esporonado duplo, espaçadas em 3,0 m x 1,5 m. Os tratamentos de manejo do dossel vegetativo aplicados foram o controle, sem a retirada de brotações laterais, com área foliar de 2,50 m² kg-1 de frutos na cv. Sangiovese e 3,54 m² kg-1 de frutos na cv. Tempranillo e a remoção das brotações laterais, de forma a manter uma área foliar de 1,93 m² kg-1 de fruto na cv. Sangiovese e 2,66 m² kg-1 de fruto na cv.Tempranillo. Na cv. Sangiovese no ciclo 2006/07 observou-se maior massa de cachos e relação cacho:ráquis nas plantas em que a área foliar não foi reduzida, entretanto, no ciclo 2007/08 foi observado aumento no teor de sólidos solúveis totais e antocianinas facilmente extraíveis, aumentando a qualidade da uva ‘Sangiovese’ nas plantas em que houve uma redução na área foliar no início da maturação das bagas. Para a cultivar Tempranillo não foi observado diferenças significativas na qualidade físico-química dos cachos ao reduzir a área foliar do dossel vegetativo no início da maturação das bagas em ambas as safras avaliadas

Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019 : A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) involves all people receiving the health services they need, of high quality, without experiencing financial hardship. Making progress towards UHC is a policy priority for both countries and global institutions, as highlighted by the agenda of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and WHO's Thirteenth General Programme of Work (GPW13). Measuring effective coverage at the health-system level is important for understanding whether health services are aligned with countries' health profiles and are of sufficient quality to produce health gains for populations of all ages. Methods Based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we assessed UHC effective coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Drawing from a measurement framework developed through WHO's GPW13 consultation, we mapped 23 effective coverage indicators to a matrix representing health service types (eg, promotion, prevention, and treatment) and five population-age groups spanning from reproductive and newborn to older adults (≥65 years). Effective coverage indicators were based on intervention coverage or outcome-based measures such as mortality-to-incidence ratios to approximate access to quality care; outcome-based measures were transformed to values on a scale of 0–100 based on the 2·5th and 97·5th percentile of location-year values. We constructed the UHC effective coverage index by weighting each effective coverage indicator relative to its associated potential health gains, as measured by disability-adjusted life-years for each location-year and population-age group. For three tests of validity (content, known-groups, and convergent), UHC effective coverage index performance was generally better than that of other UHC service coverage indices from WHO (ie, the current metric for SDG indicator 3.8.1 on UHC service coverage), the World Bank, and GBD 2017. We quantified frontiers of UHC effective coverage performance on the basis of pooled health spending per capita, representing UHC effective coverage index levels achieved in 2019 relative to country-level government health spending, prepaid private expenditures, and development assistance for health. To assess current trajectories towards the GPW13 UHC billion target—1 billion more people benefiting from UHC by 2023—we estimated additional population equivalents with UHC effective coverage from 2018 to 2023. Findings Globally, performance on the UHC effective coverage index improved from 45·8 (95% uncertainty interval 44·2–47·5) in 1990 to 60·3 (58·7–61·9) in 2019, yet country-level UHC effective coverage in 2019 still spanned from 95 or higher in Japan and Iceland to lower than 25 in Somalia and the Central African Republic. Since 2010, sub-Saharan Africa showed accelerated gains on the UHC effective coverage index (at an average increase of 2·6% [1·9–3·3] per year up to 2019); by contrast, most other GBD super-regions had slowed rates of progress in 2010–2019 relative to 1990–2010. Many countries showed lagging performance on effective coverage indicators for non-communicable diseases relative to those for communicable diseases and maternal and child health, despite non-communicable diseases accounting for a greater proportion of potential health gains in 2019, suggesting that many health systems are not keeping pace with the rising non-communicable disease burden and associated population health needs. In 2019, the UHC effective coverage index was associated with pooled health spending per capita (r=0·79), although countries across the development spectrum had much lower UHC effective coverage than is potentially achievable relative to their health spending. Under maximum efficiency of translating health spending into UHC effective coverage performance, countries would need to reach $1398 pooled health spending per capita (US$ adjusted for purchasing power parity) in order to achieve 80 on the UHC effective coverage index. From 2018 to 2023, an estimated 388·9 million (358·6–421·3) more population equivalents would have UHC effective coverage, falling well short of the GPW13 target of 1 billion more people benefiting from UHC during this time. Current projections point to an estimated 3·1 billion (3·0–3·2) population equivalents still lacking UHC effective coverage in 2023, with nearly a third (968·1 million [903·5–1040·3]) residing in south Asia. Interpretation The present study demonstrates the utility of measuring effective coverage and its role in supporting improved health outcomes for all people—the ultimate goal of UHC and its achievement. Global ambitions to accelerate progress on UHC service coverage are increasingly unlikely unless concerted action on non-communicable diseases occurs and countries can better translate health spending into improved performance. Focusing on effective coverage and accounting for the world's evolving health needs lays the groundwork for better understanding how close—or how far—all populations are in benefiting from UHC

Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) involves all people receiving the health services they need, of high quality, without experiencing financial hardship. Making progress towards UHC is a policy priority for both countries and global institutions, as highlighted by the agenda of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and WHO's Thirteenth General Programme of Work (GPW13). Measuring effective coverage at the health-system level is important for understanding whether health services are aligned with countries' health profiles and are of sufficient quality to produce health gains for populations of all ages. Methods Based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we assessed UHC effective coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Drawing from a measurement framework developed through WHO's GPW13 consultation, we mapped 23 effective coverage indicators to a matrix representing health service types (eg, promotion, prevention, and treatment) and five population-age groups spanning from reproductive and newborn to older adults (≥65 years). Effective coverage indicators were based on intervention coverage or outcome-based measures such as mortality-to-incidence ratios to approximate access to quality care; outcome-based measures were transformed to values on a scale of 0–100 based on the 2·5th and 97·5th percentile of location-year values. We constructed the UHC effective coverage index by weighting each effective coverage indicator relative to its associated potential health gains, as measured by disability-adjusted life-years for each location-year and population-age group. For three tests of validity (content, known-groups, and convergent), UHC effective coverage index performance was generally better than that of other UHC service coverage indices from WHO (ie, the current metric for SDG indicator 3.8.1 on UHC service coverage), the World Bank, and GBD 2017. We quantified frontiers of UHC effective coverage performance on the basis of pooled health spending per capita, representing UHC effective coverage index levels achieved in 2019 relative to country-level government health spending, prepaid private expenditures, and development assistance for health. To assess current trajectories towards the GPW13 UHC billion target—1 billion more people benefiting from UHC by 2023—we estimated additional population equivalents with UHC effective coverage from 2018 to 2023. Findings Globally, performance on the UHC effective coverage index improved from 45·8 (95% uncertainty interval 44·2–47·5) in 1990 to 60·3 (58·7–61·9) in 2019, yet country-level UHC effective coverage in 2019 still spanned from 95 or higher in Japan and Iceland to lower than 25 in Somalia and the Central African Republic. Since 2010, sub-Saharan Africa showed accelerated gains on the UHC effective coverage index (at an average increase of 2·6% [1·9–3·3] per year up to 2019); by contrast, most other GBD super-regions had slowed rates of progress in 2010–2019 relative to 1990–2010. Many countries showed lagging performance on effective coverage indicators for non-communicable diseases relative to those for communicable diseases and maternal and child health, despite non-communicable diseases accounting for a greater proportion of potential health gains in 2019, suggesting that many health systems are not keeping pace with the rising non-communicable disease burden and associated population health needs. In 2019, the UHC effective coverage index was associated with pooled health spending per capita (r=0·79), although countries across the development spectrum had much lower UHC effective coverage than is potentially achievable relative to their health spending. Under maximum efficiency of translating health spending into UHC effective coverage performance, countries would need to reach $1398 pooled health spending per capita (US$ adjusted for purchasing power parity) in order to achieve 80 on the UHC effective coverage index. From 2018 to 2023, an estimated 388·9 million (358·6–421·3) more population equivalents would have UHC effective coverage, falling well short of the GPW13 target of 1 billion more people benefiting from UHC during this time. Current projections point to an estimated 3·1 billion (3·0–3·2) population equivalents still lacking UHC effective coverage in 2023, with nearly a third (968·1 million [903·5–1040·3]) residing in south Asia. Interpretation The present study demonstrates the utility of measuring effective coverage and its role in supporting improved health outcomes for all people—the ultimate goal of UHC and its achievement. Global ambitions to accelerate progress on UHC service coverage are increasingly unlikely unless concerted action on non-communicable diseases occurs and countries can better translate health spending into improved performance. Focusing on effective coverage and accounting for the world's evolving health needs lays the groundwork for better understanding how close—or how far—all populations are in benefiting from UHC

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background: In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods: GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw values of the posterior distribution. Findings: Global health has steadily improved over the past 30 years as measured by age-standardised DALY rates. After taking into account population growth and ageing, the absolute number of DALYs has remained stable. Since 2010, the pace of decline in global age-standardised DALY rates has accelerated in age groups younger than 50 years compared with the 1990–2010 time period, with the greatest annualised rate of decline occurring in the 0–9-year age group. Six infectious diseases were among the top ten causes of DALYs in children younger than 10 years in 2019: lower respiratory infections (ranked second), diarrhoeal diseases (third), malaria (fifth), meningitis (sixth), whooping cough (ninth), and sexually transmitted infections (which, in this age group, is fully accounted for by congenital syphilis; ranked tenth). In adolescents aged 10–24 years, three injury causes were among the top causes of DALYs: road injuries (ranked first), self-harm (third), and interpersonal violence (fifth). Five of the causes that were in the top ten for ages 10–24 years were also in the top ten in the 25–49-year age group: road injuries (ranked first), HIV/AIDS (second), low back pain (fourth), headache disorders (fifth), and depressive disorders (sixth). In 2019, ischaemic heart disease and stroke were the top-ranked causes of DALYs in both the 50–74-year and 75-years-and-older age groups. Since 1990, there has been a marked shift towards a greater proportion of burden due to YLDs from non-communicable diseases and injuries. In 2019, there were 11 countries where non-communicable disease and injury YLDs constituted more than half of all disease burden. Decreases in age-standardised DALY rates have accelerated over the past decade in countries at the lower end of the SDI range, while improvements have started to stagnate or even reverse in countries with higher SDI. Interpretation: As disability becomes an increasingly large component of disease burden and a larger component of health expenditure, greater research and developm nt investment is needed to identify new, more effective intervention strategies. With a rapidly ageing global population, the demands on health services to deal with disabling outcomes, which increase with age, will require policy makers to anticipate these changes. The mix of universal and more geographically specific influences on health reinforces the need for regular reporting on population health in detail and by underlying cause to help decision makers to identify success stories of disease control to emulate, as well as opportunities to improve. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licens

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Ecophysiology of grapevine “Itália” (Vitis vinifera l.) in protected cultivation under different water conditions

No Brasil ocorreram grandes investimentos no cultivo protegido de videira, principalmente na produção de uva fina de mesa utilizando coberturas plásticas impermeáveis para prevenção de doenças fúngicas. Contudo, este tipo de cobertura reduz a precipitação na linha de plantio, o que tem impulsionado a instalação de sistemas de irrigação. Apesar destes investimentos na garantia hídrica, o controle da irrigação tem sido conduzido de modo empírico e sem subsídios técnicos específicos. Em função disso são frequentes os registros de gastos desnecessários com irrigação, em conjunto com problemas de produção e qualidade. Este trabalho teve como objetivos caracterizar os mecanismos de adaptação fisiológica e o consumo hídrico de videiras cultivadas em ambiente protegido sob distintas condições hídricas, com o intuito de definir o limite mínimo de disponibilidade hídrica que proporcione as melhores respostas agronômicas, com racionalidade no uso da água. O experimento foi conduzido nos ciclos 2009/10 e 2010/11 no Vale dos Vinhedos, RS, Brasil (29°12'S, 51°32'W, 660m). Utilizaram-se plantas de Vitis vinifera L. cv. Itália, enxertadas sobre '420A' conduzidas em latada descontínua e cobertas com lonas plásticas de polietileno trançado (160μm) na linha e entrelinha de plantio. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de distintos conteúdos de água disponível (CAD) no solo com o tratamento controle (TC) sob condição de capacidade de campo e potencial matricial ( m) de -33,34 kPa. Os demais tratamentos foram representados por limites de -42,12 kPa (T1), -76,28 kPa (T2) e- 94,32 kPa (T3). Quando o m mínimo de cada tratamento era alcançado, iniciava-se a irrigação com lâminas calculadas para atingir novamente a capacidade de campo. Os tratamentos mais restritivos (T2 e T3) induziram o estresse hídrico nas plantas, evidenciado pela antecipação e encurtamento do ciclo, redução no índice de área foliar e potencial da água na folha, resultando na redução do consumo hídrico e consequentemente no potencial fotossintético. Este último efeito influenciou diretamente a maturação tecnológica das bagas reduzindo o conteúdo relativo de sólidos solúveis totais. Contudo, estes tratamentos reduziram o volume de bagas favorecendo a concentração de SST em relação à TC. No comparativo geral, pode-se selecionar T1, o qual promoveu uma condição de estresse moderado, como o tratamento mais adequado para o microclima coberto, considerando o ganho em qualidade e a economia de água.In Brazil, large investments have been made in protected grapevine cultivation, especially in the production of grapes using impermeable plastic coverings for the prevention of fungal diseases. However, this covering reduces precipitation in the crop row, which has boosted the installation of irrigations systems. In spite of these investments in the guarantee of water, the control of irrigation has been implemented empirically and without any specific technical support. Due to this, there are frequent records of unnecessary expenditure on irrigation in conjunction with production and quality problems. The objectives of this paper are to characterize the physiological adaptation mechanisms and water consumption of grapevines cultivated within a protected environment under specific water conditions, with the goal of defining the minimum limit of water availability that provides the best agronomical responses with a rational use of water. The experiment was conducted on the 2009/10 and 2010/11 cycles in the Vale dos Vinhedos, RS, Brazil (29°12'S, 51°32'W, 660m). The plants used were Vitis vinifera L., cultivar Itália grafted on ‘420A’ trained on a discontinuous vine trellis covered with woven polyethylene plastic sheeting (160μm) in and between the rows of the crop. Treatment was comprised of specific available water contents (AWC) in soil with treatment control (TC) under field capacity conditions and a matrix potential ( m) of -33.34 kPa. The other treatments were represented by limits of -42.12 kPa (T1), - 76.28 kPa (T2) and -94.32 kPa (T3). When the minimum m of each treatment was reached, irrigation was initiated with layers calculated to once again reach the field capacity. More restrictive water treatments (T2 and T3) induced water stress on the plants, evidenced by the anticipation and shortening of the cycle, reduction in the leaf area index and leaf water potential, resulting in a reduction of water consumption and consequentially in photosynthetic potential. The last effect made a direct influence on the technological maturation of the soft fruit, reducing the relative content of total soluble solids (TSS). However, these treatments reduced the volume of soft fruit favoring the concentration of TSS in relation to TC. In an overall comparison, T1 may be selected, which promoted a light stress condition, with a more suitable treatment for the covered microclimate, considering the gain in quality and savings in water