Nonlinear Deformation of Structure Elementsfrom Different Materials under Impulse and Shock Loads

simulation of high-rate deformation processes, three-dimensional models are used. The following determined relationships are taken into account: elastic-plastic deformation (according to the theory of dynamic plastic deformation); the dynamic properties of the materials, which change during deformation; the finite displacements and deformations. The problem is solved by the finite elements method. The paper analyzes the impact of pulse and shock loads performed on the elements of various constructions made of different materials. Comparison of the research results shows that the elements from the improved composite material possess both the required strength and lowest weight. Furthermore, the experimental and numerical results are compared as an example of the influence of the impulse load on the composite material plate with a cut. The paper shows the features of the distribution and localization of the stress intensity and displacements at the impulse and impact loading in the multi-layered structural elements. The deformation processes occur in different stages up to the elastic-plastic finite deformations depending on the speed of the projectile. The results of these studies were used in the analysis of the dynamic strength of real structural elements

Особенности международных инвестиционных процессов

У статті проаналізовано потоки міжнародних прямих іноземних інвестицій (ПІІ), досліджено вплив ПІІ на економіку країн-реципієнтів, виявлено диспропорції в залученні ПІІ в економіку різних країн та розроблено рекомендації, спрямовані на посилення їх позитивного й зменшення негативного впливу.The paper examines the trends in foreign direct investments (FDI) flows worldwide and the influence of FDI on the recipient economies. The disproportions in attracting investments in different economies have been revealed. The recommendations for optimization of FDI impacts are outlined.В статье проанализированы потоки международных прямых иностранных инвестиций (ПИИ), исследовано влияние ПИИ на экономику стран-реципиентов, выявлены диспропорции в привлечении ПИИ в экономику разных стран и разработаны рекомендации, направленые на усиление их положительного и уменьшение отрицательного влияния

Определение безвредности гликопептидов молочнокислых бактерий на лабораторных животных

The study of acute toxicity and allergenity glycopeptides lactic acid bacteria in mice and rabbits. At the present level of physical, chemical and biological pollution of the environment, domestic and farm animals in no less, if not more than people, suffer from secondary induced immunodeficiency - an imbalance in the normal functioning of the immune system. This leads to a significant reduction in the overall resistance of the animal to various diseases of a viral and bacterial nature. The normal functioning of the animal's immune system can be restored with the help of immunomodulators, the active principle of which is the glycopeptide synthesized from natural components - a universal structural fragment of the lactic acid bacteria cell membrane that interacts with the immune system of the animal organism.Изучение острой токсичности и аллергености гликопептидов молочнокислых бактерий на мышах и кроликах. При современном уровне физического, химического и биологического загрязнения окружающей среды домашние и сельскохозяйственные животные не в меньшей, если не в большей, степени чем люди, страдают от вторично индуцированного иммунодефицита - разбалансировки нормального функционирования иммунной системы. Это приводит к существенному снижению общей сопротивляемости организма животного к различным заболеваниям вирусной и бактериальной природы. Восстановить нормальное функционирование иммунной системы животного можно с помощью иммуномодуляторов, действующим началом которых является синтезированный из природных компонентов гликопептид - универсальный структурный фрагмент оболочки клеток молочнокислых бактерий, взаимодействующий с иммунной системой животного организма

Влияние пробиотических лактобацилл на неспецифическую резистентность и физиологические показатели лабораторных животных

Ovcharova AN, Safronova OV, Polyakova LL All-Russian Research Institute of Physiology, Biochemistry and Nutrition of animals - branch of Federal state budgetary scientific institution "Federal Research Center Livestock - AUIAB Academician LK Ernst", Borovsk, Kaluga region, Russian Federation Resume. For the correction and prevention of microflora disorders are widely used microbial preparations - probiotics, which have a positive effect on the composition of the intestinal microflora, the immune system of animals. Lactobacilli play a special role in the formation of normal microflora. In 2009. in the laboratory of biotechnology of microorganisms vniifbip was made Association of four strains of lactobacilli: Lactobacillus casei LBR 1/90 (VCM-2780D), Lactobacillus paracasei LBR 5/90 (VCM-2781D), Lactobacillus rhamnosus LBR 33/90 (VCM-11277), Lactobacillus rhamnosus LBR 44/90 (VCM-11278), isolated from the digestive tract of Calves, called tetralactobacterin (TLB). The strains included in probiotics are non-pathogenic and have a wide range of antagonistic activity against bacteria of the genera Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Escherichia and Salmonella. The aim of this work was to study the effect of tetrasaccharide on nonspecific immunity and physiological parameters of rabbits.Для коррекции и профилактики нарушений микрофлоры широко используются микробные препараты - пробиотики, оказывающие положительное воздействие на состав кишечной микрофлоры, иммунную систему животных. Особую роль в становлении нормальной микрофлоры играют лактобациллы. В 2009 г. в лаборатории биотехнологии микроорганизмов ВНИИФБиП была составлена ассоциация из четырёх штаммов лактобацилл: Lactobacillus casei LBR 1/90 (ВКМ В-2780D), Lactobacillus paracasei LBR 5/90 (ВКМ В-2781D), Lactobacillus rhamnosus LBR 33/90 (ВКПМ В-11277), Lactobacillus rhamnosus LBR 44/90 (ВКПМ В-11278), выделенных из пищеварительного тракта телят, получившая название тетралактобактерин (ТЛБ). Входящие в состав пробиотика штаммы не патогенны, обладают широким спектром антагонистической активности против бактерий родов Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Escherichia и Salmonella. Целью работы явилось изучение влияния тетралактобактерина на неспецифический иммунитет и физиологические показатели кроликов

Distributional impact of taxes and social transfers in Russia over the downturn

Low oil prices and the recession in Russia which started in 2014 are increasing pressures for fiscal consolidation, after more than a decade of prosperity. This paper assesses the distributional impact of the main tax and social spending programs in Russia in 2014 by applying a state-of-the-art incidence analysis. Overall, the Russian welfare state achieves a moderate reduction in inequality through tax-benefit policies by international standards. Most redistribution occurs through pensions. Major limits on the redistributive effect of tax-benefit policy include the large share of tax revenues that come from (regressive) indirect taxes, the neutral impact of personal income taxes and the low share of spending that goes on social assistance targeted to low-income groups. Tax-benefit policy also has an important impact on the age distribution of income, as households of working-age people (with and without children) subsidize pensioner households

Distributional impacts of cash allowances for children: A microsimulation analysis for Russia and Europe

This article analyses programmes of cash allowances for children and compares their effectiveness in combating child poverty in Russia and four European Union (EU) countries representing alternative family policy models – Sweden, Germany, Belgium and the United Kingdom. Using microsimulation models, this article estimates the potential gains if the Russian system were re-designed along the policy parameters of these countries and vice versa. The results confirm that the poverty impact of the programme design is smaller than that of the level of spending. Other conditions being equal, the best distributional outcomes for children are achieved by applying the mix of universal and means-tested child benefits, such as those employed by the United Kingdom and Belgium. At the same time, the Russian design of child allowances does not appear to be less effective in terms of its impact on child poverty when transferred to European countries in place of their current arrangements

Search for squarks and gluinos in events with isolated leptons, jets and missing transverse momentum at s√=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The results of a search for supersymmetry in final states containing at least one isolated lepton (electron or muon), jets and large missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider are reported. The search is based on proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy s√=8 TeV collected in 2012, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20 fb−1. No significant excess above the Standard Model expectation is observed. Limits are set on supersymmetric particle masses for various supersymmetric models. Depending on the model, the search excludes gluino masses up to 1.32 TeV and squark masses up to 840 GeV. Limits are also set on the parameters of a minimal universal extra dimension model, excluding a compactification radius of 1/R c = 950 GeV for a cut-off scale times radius (ΛR c) of approximately 30

Single hadron response measurement and calorimeter jet energy scale uncertainty with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

The uncertainty on the calorimeter energy response to jets of particles is derived for the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). First, the calorimeter response to single isolated charged hadrons is measured and compared to the Monte Carlo simulation using proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of sqrt(s) = 900 GeV and 7 TeV collected during 2009 and 2010. Then, using the decay of K_s and Lambda particles, the calorimeter response to specific types of particles (positively and negatively charged pions, protons, and anti-protons) is measured and compared to the Monte Carlo predictions. Finally, the jet energy scale uncertainty is determined by propagating the response uncertainty for single charged and neutral particles to jets. The response uncertainty is 2-5% for central isolated hadrons and 1-3% for the final calorimeter jet energy scale.Comment: 24 pages plus author list (36 pages total), 23 figures, 1 table, submitted to European Physical Journal

Evidence for the Higgs-boson Yukawa coupling to tau leptons with the ATLAS detector

Results of a search for H → τ τ decays are presented, based on the full set of proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC during 2011 and 2012. The data correspond to integrated luminosities of 4.5 fb−1 and 20.3 fb−1 at centre-of-mass energies of √s = 7 TeV and √s = 8 TeV respectively. All combinations of leptonic (τ → `νν¯ with ` = e, µ) and hadronic (τ → hadrons ν) tau decays are considered. An excess of events over the expected background from other Standard Model processes is found with an observed (expected) significance of 4.5 (3.4) standard deviations. This excess provides evidence for the direct coupling of the recently discovered Higgs boson to fermions. The measured signal strength, normalised to the Standard Model expectation, of µ = 1.43 +0.43 −0.37 is consistent with the predicted Yukawa coupling strength in the Standard Model

Measurements of fiducial and differential cross sections for Higgs boson production in the diphoton decay channel at s√=8 TeV with ATLAS

Measurements of fiducial and differential cross sections are presented for Higgs boson production in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s√=8 TeV. The analysis is performed in the H → γγ decay channel using 20.3 fb−1 of data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The signal is extracted using a fit to the diphoton invariant mass spectrum assuming that the width of the resonance is much smaller than the experimental resolution. The signal yields are corrected for the effects of detector inefficiency and resolution. The pp → H → γγ fiducial cross section is measured to be 43.2 ±9.4(stat.) − 2.9 + 3.2 (syst.) ±1.2(lumi)fb for a Higgs boson of mass 125.4GeV decaying to two isolated photons that have transverse momentum greater than 35% and 25% of the diphoton invariant mass and each with absolute pseudorapidity less than 2.37. Four additional fiducial cross sections and two cross-section limits are presented in phase space regions that test the theoretical modelling of different Higgs boson production mechanisms, or are sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model. Differential cross sections are also presented, as a function of variables related to the diphoton kinematics and the jet activity produced in the Higgs boson events. The observed spectra are statistically limited but broadly in line with the theoretical expectations