The role of connexin 37 gene polymorphism (1019C > T; Pro319Ser) in cardiovascular disease

In spite of the strong prognostic value of all traditional cardiovascularrisk factors, still striking differences exist in the prevalence of clinical events between patients at apparently similar risk. One of the main reasons is different genetic background. One of recently discussed candidate genes for cardiovascular disease is the gene for the protein Connexin 37 (Cx37). This protein is a part of gap junctions responsible for communications between cells including cells in the vessel wall. Studies focused on the association between Cx37 gene polymorphism (1019C > T; Pro319Ser) and cardiovascular disease demonstrate inconsistent results. Our findings in 1.316 men and women indicated that the Cx37 gene polymorphism (genotype CC) is significantly associated with acute coronary syndrome in non-smoking women. In addition, in urban and rural women from general population (n = 1.056) with impaired fasting glycaemia the same genotype is associated with increased intima media thickness of carotid arteries measured by ultrasound. Finally, in 289 women with diabetestype 1 or 2, and in 208 women from general population with central obesity, the CC genotype was associated with lower ankle brachial blood pressure index. These data indicate that Cx37 gene polymorphism could have gender- and smoking-dependent effects on acute coronary events and glucose dependent effect on atherosclerosis in women. Keywords: connexin 37 gene polymorphism, atherosclerosis, acute coronary syndromes, women smoking, glycaemia.Незважаючи на однозначність прогностичного значення усіх традиційних факторів ризику серцево-судинних захворювань, існують значні розбіжності у їхніх клінічних проявах у різних пацієнтів. Однією з основних причин цього є неоднаковий генетичний фон. З-поміж недавно обговорюваних генів-кандидатів, які впливають на серцево-судинні захворювання, обрано ген білка конексину 37 (Cx37). Цей білок відповідає за міжклітинні взаємодії, включаючи клітини стінок кровоносних судин. Дослідження, зосереджені на пошуку зв’язку між поліморфізмом гена конексину 37 (1019C > T; Pro319Ser) та серце - во-судинними захворюваннями, показують суперечливі результати. Наші дослідження 1316 чоловіків і жінок демонструють, що поліморфізм гена Сх37 (генотип СС) значною мірою пов’язаний з гострим коронарним синдромом у жінок, які не курять. Окрім того, у міських і сільських жінок із загальної популяції (n = 1056) з порушеною глікемією цей же генотип пов’язаний із збільшенням товщини інтими сонних артерій, виміряної ультразвуком. У 289 жінок з діабетом 1-го або 2-го типу і у 208 жінок із загальної популяції з ожирінням генотип СС виявився зв’язаним з нижчим щиколотко-плечовим індексом тиску крові. Такі дані показують, що стать і куріння діють на гострі коронарні прояви, обумовлені поліморфізмом гена Cx37, для жінок виявлено також глюкозозалежний вплив на атеросклероз. Ключові слова: поліморфізм гена конексину 37, атеросклероз, гострий коронарний синдром, куріння жінок, глікемія.Несмотря на однозначность прогностического значения всех традиционных факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, по-прежнему существуют значительные отличия в их клинических проявлениях у разных пациентов. Одной из основных причин этого является неодинаковый генетический фон. Среди недавно обсуждаемых генов-кандидатов, влияющих на сердечно-сосудистые заболевания, выбран ген белка коннексина 37 (Cx37). Этот белок ответствен за межклеточные взаимодействия, включая клетки стенок кровеносных сосудов. Исследования, сосредоточенные на поисках связи между Cx37 полиморфизмом гена (1019C > T; Pro319Ser) и сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями, показывают противоречивые результаты. Наши исследования 1316 мужчин и женщин демонстрируют, что полиморфизм гена Cx37 (генотип СС) в значительной степени связан с острым коронарным синдромом у некурящих женщин. Кроме того, у городских и сельских женщин из общей популяции (n = 1056) с нарушенной гликемией тот же генотип связан с увеличением толщины интимы сонных артерий, измеренной ультразвуком. У 289 женщин с диабетом 1-го или 2-го типа и у 208 женщин из общей популяции с ожирением генотип СС оказался связанным с более низким лодыжечно-плечевым индексом давления крови. Эти данные показывают, что пол и курение действуют на острые коронарные проявления, обусловленные полиморфизмом гена Cx37, для женщин выявлен также глюкозозависимое влияние на атеросклероз. Ключевые слова: полиморфизма гена коннексина 37, атеросклероз, острый коронарный синдром, курение женщин, гликемия

Measurement of the photon+b+b-jet production differential cross section in ppˉp\bar{p} collisions at \sqrt{s}=1.96~\TeV

We present measurements of the differential cross section dsigma/dpT_gamma for the inclusive production of a photon in association with a b-quark jet for photons with rapidities |y_gamma|< 1.0 and 30<pT_gamma <300 GeV, as well as for photons with 1.5<|y_gamma|< 2.5 and 30< pT_gamma <200 GeV, where pT_gamma is the photon transverse momentum. The b-quark jets are required to have pT>15 GeV and rapidity |y_jet| < 1.5. The results are based on data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 8.7 fb^-1, recorded with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron $p\bar{p}$ Collider at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV. The measured cross sections are compared with next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations using different sets of parton distribution functions as well as to predictions based on the kT-factorization QCD approach, and those from the Sherpa and Pythia Monte Carlo event generators.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Phys. Lett.

Limits on anomalous trilinear gauge boson couplings from WW, WZ and Wgamma production in pp-bar collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV

We present final searches of the anomalous gammaWW and ZWW trilinear gauge boson couplings from WW and WZ production using lepton plus dijet final states and a combination with results from Wgamma, WW, and WZ production with leptonic final states. The analyzed data correspond to up to 8.6/fb of integrated luminosity collected by the D0 detector in pp-bar collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV. We set the most stringent limits at a hadron collider to date assuming two different relations between the anomalous coupling parameters Delta\kappa_\gamma, lambda, and Delta g_1^Z for a cutoff energy scale Lambda=2 TeV. The combined 68% C.L. limits are -0.057<Delta\kappa_\gamma<0.154, -0.015<lambda<0.028, and -0.008<Delta g_1^Z<0.054 for the LEP parameterization, and -0.007<Delta\kappa<0.081 and -0.017<lambda<0.028 for the equal couplings parameterization. We also present the most stringent limits of the W boson magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PL

Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results

Search for single top quarks in the tau+jets channel using 4.8 fb−1^{-1} of ppˉp\bar{p} collision data

We present the first direct search for single top quark production using tau leptons. The search is based on 4.8 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity collected in $p\bar{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=1.96 TeV with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We select events with a final state including an isolated tau lepton, missing transverse energy, two or three jets, one or two of them $b$ tagged. We use a multivariate technique to discriminate signal from background. The number of events observed in data in this final state is consistent with the signal plus background expectation. We set in the tau+jets channel an upper limit on the single top quark cross section of \TauLimObs pb at the 95% C.L. This measurement allows a gain of 4% in expected sensitivity for the observation of single top production when combining it with electron+jets and muon+jets channels already published by the D0 collaboration with 2.3 fb$^{-1}$ of data. We measure a combined cross section of \SuperCombineXSall pb, which is the most precise measurement to date.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure

b-Jet Identification in the D0 Experiment

Algorithms distinguishing jets originating from b quarks from other jet flavors are important tools in the physics program of the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron p-pbar collider. This article describes the methods that have been used to identify b-quark jets, exploiting in particular the long lifetimes of b-flavored hadrons, and the calibration of the performance of these algorithms based on collider data.Comment: submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research

Measurement of Z/gamma*+jet+X angular distributions in ppbar collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV

We present the first measurements at a hadron collider of differential cross sections for Z+jet+X production in delta phi(Z, jet), |delta y(Z, jet)| and |y_boost(Z, jet)|. Vector boson production in association with jets is an excellent probe of QCD and constitutes the main background to many small cross section processes, such as associated Higgs production. These measurements are crucial tests of the predictions of perturbative QCD and current event generators, which have varied success in describing the data. Using these measurements as inputs in tuning event generators will increase the experimental sensitivity to rare signals.Comment: Published in Physics Letters B 682 (2010), pp. 370-380. 15 pages, 6 figure

Measurement of the dijet invariant mass cross section in proton anti-proton collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV

The inclusive dijet production double differential cross section as a function of the dijet invariant mass and of the largest absolute rapidity of the two jets with the largest transverse momentum in an event is measured in proton anti-proton collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV using 0.7 fb^{-1} integrated luminosity collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The measurement is performed in six rapidity regions up to a maximum rapidity of 2.4. Next-to-leading order perturbative QCD predictions are found to be in agreement with the data.Comment: Published in Phys. Lett. B, 693, (2010), 531-538, 8 pages, 2 figures, 6 table

Search for the standard model Higgs boson in tau final states

We present a search for the standard model Higgs boson using hadronically decaying tau leptons, in 1 inverse femtobarn of data collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron ppbar collider. We select two final states: tau plus missing transverse energy and b jets, and tau+ tau- plus jets. These final states are sensitive to a combination of associated W/Z boson plus Higgs boson, vector boson fusion and gluon-gluon fusion production processes. The observed ratio of the combined limit on the Higgs production cross section at the 95% C.L. to the standard model expectation is 29 for a Higgs boson mass of 115 GeV.Comment: publication versio

Jet size dependence of single jet suppression in lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s(NN)) = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Measurements of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions at the LHC provide direct sensitivity to the physics of jet quenching. In a sample of lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s) = 2.76 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 7 inverse microbarns, ATLAS has measured jets with a calorimeter over the pseudorapidity interval |eta| < 2.1 and over the transverse momentum range 38 < pT < 210 GeV. Jets were reconstructed using the anti-kt algorithm with values for the distance parameter that determines the nominal jet radius of R = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5. The centrality dependence of the jet yield is characterized by the jet "central-to-peripheral ratio," Rcp. Jet production is found to be suppressed by approximately a factor of two in the 10% most central collisions relative to peripheral collisions. Rcp varies smoothly with centrality as characterized by the number of participating nucleons. The observed suppression is only weakly dependent on jet radius and transverse momentum. These results provide the first direct measurement of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions and complement previous measurements of dijet transverse energy imbalance at the LHC.Comment: 15 pages plus author list (30 pages total), 8 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Physics Letters B. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HION-2011-02