Sports social projects, careers of athletes and ex-athletes and the gift between strangers

En este artículo propongo analizar los cambios ocurridos desde 1994 en las representaciones colectivas sobre la selección brasileña de fútbol. Argumento que el aumento extraordinario de la mercantilización del fútbol profesional, en especial en Europa, transformó a los jugadores en multimillonarios que residen en el exterior, condición que dificulta la relación metonímica establecida, anteriormente, entre la selección nacional brasileña y el pueblo de Brasil. Establezco una conexión entre esas representaciones y el gran número de proyectos sociales deportivos emprendidos en Brasil por atletas de alto rendimiento, entre ellos jugadores que fueron parte de la selección brasileña de fútbol en las Copas del Mundo de la Federación Internacional de Fútbol Asociado (FIFA), en especial a partir de 1994. Estos datos son interpretados a partir de la teoría del don de Marcel Mauss. Además, se realizó una comparación con datos argentinos sobre proyectos sociales deportivos que arrojó luz sobre el caso brasileño.In this text, I discuss the changes in the collective representations of the Brazilian football team since 1994. I argue that the extraordinary increase in the commercialization of professional football, particulary in Europe, turned these players into multimillionaires residing abroad, which hampers the previously established metonymic relationship between Brazilian football team and Brazilian people. I make a connection between these representations and the large number of social sports projects undertaken in Brazil by high-performance athletes, among them players who played in the Brazilian soccer team at the FIFA World Cups, especially since 1994. These data are interpreted according to Marcel Mauss’theory of the gift. In addition, there was a comparison to Argentine data on social sports projects that, by contrast, shed light on Brazilian material.Dossier: Estudios sociales del deporte: investigación empírica, debates teóricos y abordajes metodológicos en el campo de las ciencias sociales contemporáneas.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Sports social projects, careers of athletes and ex-athletes and the gift between strangers

En este artículo propongo analizar los cambios ocurridos desde 1994 en las representaciones colectivas sobre la selección brasileña de fútbol. Argumento que el aumento extraordinario de la mercantilización del fútbol profesional, en especial en Europa, transformó a los jugadores en multimillonarios que residen en el exterior, condición que dificulta la relación metonímica establecida, anteriormente, entre la selección nacional brasileña y el pueblo de Brasil. Establezco una conexión entre esas representaciones y el gran número de proyectos sociales deportivos emprendidos en Brasil por atletas de alto rendimiento, entre ellos jugadores que fueron parte de la selección brasileña de fútbol en las Copas del Mundo de la Federación Internacional de Fútbol Asociado (FIFA), en especial a partir de 1994. Estos datos son interpretados a partir de la teoría del don de Marcel Mauss. Además, se realizó una comparación con datos argentinos sobre proyectos sociales deportivos que arrojó luz sobre el caso brasileño.In this text, I discuss the changes in the collective representations of the Brazilian football team since 1994. I argue that the extraordinary increase in the commercialization of professional football, particulary in Europe, turned these players into multimillionaires residing abroad, which hampers the previously established metonymic relationship between Brazilian football team and Brazilian people. I make a connection between these representations and the large number of social sports projects undertaken in Brazil by high-performance athletes, among them players who played in the Brazilian soccer team at the FIFA World Cups, especially since 1994. These data are interpreted according to Marcel Mauss’theory of the gift. In addition, there was a comparison to Argentine data on social sports projects that, by contrast, shed light on Brazilian material.Dossier: Estudios sociales del deporte: investigación empírica, debates teóricos y abordajes metodológicos en el campo de las ciencias sociales contemporáneas.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

When we think of urban afforestation in Brazil, what comes to mind is a mouth that has lost its teeth. e2321654

The conservationist mentality of classifying pristine and degraded environments has given way to a more intelligent approach, that is, producing and applying knowledge to increase and support biodiversity in human habitats. Cities have a high potential for the conservation of biological diversity, but it is not fully feasible without considerable planning and management inputs. There are many ecosystem services provided by trees in urban ecological systems, whose positive impact on human well-being is consensual in the literature. Likewise, the capacity of urban flora, especially woody vegetation, to attract and support fauna has been proven in several studies. Tropical megadiverse countries whose cities are undergoing rapid urbanization such as Brazil face the double challenge of creating cities that can support biological diversity, with environmental justice. The most important tool for solving these demands is urban afforestation planning. However, the capacity of Brazilian cities to plan and execute tree-planting projects is low. In this essay, we discuss the main difficulties related to urban afforestation in Brazil and present some alternatives for increasing the number of trees and species and for the democratization of their benefits, especially in neighborhoods with low socioeconomic statu

Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40+8-8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 Mo. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One- Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ~10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta

Que povo brasileiro no campo de futebol?

9 páginasO futebol tem se constituído em vários países do mundo e, particularmente no Brasil, em um campo de debates acerca da nação e do seu "povo". As avaliações do desempenho dos selecionados nacionais dão margem a definições de realidade nas quais, muitas vezes sob a aparência de neutras análises técnicas e táticas, viajam inúmeras idéias e valores sobre o Brasil e os brasileiros. Neste texto pretendo demonstrar, através de duas concepções ideologicamente antagônicas que o campo de futebol é também, no Brasil, um campo no qual há uma intensa disputa acerca de quem tem o direito de dizer e no qual se expressam os conflitos acerca do que é o "povo brasileiro". Este trabalho compõe-se de três partes: na primeira, argumento serem as avaliações sobre o futebol, no Brasil, importantes veículos para a divulgação de interpretações sobre a nação e o “povo brasileiro”; na segunda exporei uma destas versões, que, embora aparentemente datada, atualiza-se cotidianamente, nos clubes, na atuação dos dirigentes esportivos e, algumas vezes, dos técnicos de futebol, podendo ser amplamente interpretada como uma versão das elites; numa terceira parte apresento um discurso expresso por um jogador do selecionado brasileiro no contexto da Copa de 94, tendo igualmente como tema central o “povo brasileiro” mas veiculando avaliação distinta da anterior e reivindicando para o próprio “povo” o próprio direito de dizer.Si

Produzir antropólogos: algumas reflexões

12 páginasNo debate acerca da orientação no fazer antropológico, gostaria de destacar algumas questões referentes a dois aspectos. O primeiro, dentro da especificidade do processo de orientação/ introdução ao trabalho etnográfico (que pode ocorrer tanto na graduação quanto na pós-graduação), refere-se à necessidade de recriação da prática de pesquisa clássica da disciplina. Algumas experiências com bolsistas de Iniciação Cientifica serão destacadas, buscando-se refletir, em conjunto com os outros pesquisadores, sobre o papel do orientador neste processo. Com relação ao segundo aspecto, intrinsecamente ligado ao primeiro, buscarei refletir sobre a política das agências de financiamento e sua relação com o processo de produção de dados na antropologia.Sim/ would like to highlight some questions about two aspects of the debate about advising in Anthropology. The first one deals with the specificity of the advising/introduction process in the ethnographic work (in under-graduate as well as in graduate studies). It refers to the need to reshape the anthropological classical research practices. Some experiences with beginning researchers are highlighted, aiming to reflect about the advisor's role in this process. As to the second aspect, intrinsically bounded to the first, I would try to reflect on the politics of financial agencies and its relation with the process of production of data in Anthropology

Lives revisited: the reconstruction of the seniors' past in gerontological programs

volume 4, 23 páginasExamino, neste artigo, o processo de reconstrução do passado de idosos engajados em projetos gerontológicos, utilizando material empírico produzido em pesquisas sob minha coordenação. Seguindo a orientação de Ruth Behar, considero que cada narrativa chamada de “história de vida” constitui-se na produção de um texto que é uma versão do self construída por um sujeito. Neste sentido, o artigo tem dois objetivos: o primeiro, de ordem teórico-metodológica, visa acentuar a dimensão interpretativa e situada das narrativas estudadas, verificando como algumas categorias interpretativas ordenam a produção das histórias de vida em agências gerontológicas; o segundo é contribuir para uma discussão mais ampla sobre as formas de relacionamento entre culturas diversas em sociedades complexas.SimThe article addresses the reconstruction of the past of seniors engaged in gerontological projects. It emphasizes that each of the narratives we call “life story” consists in producing a text that “is, in fact, not the person, but a version of the self constructed by a subject”, as Ruth Behar put it. That said, the article has two objectives: the first is a theoretical-methodological one, and accentuates the interpretative and situated dimension of these narratives, exploring how some interpretive categories organize the production of life histories in geriatric agencies; the second is to contribute to a broader debate about the forms of relationships between different cultures in complex societies

Proyectos sociales deportivos, carreras de deportistas y ex-deportivas y el don entre extraños

tradução de Verónica CapassoEn este artículo propongo analizar los cambios ocurridos desde 1994 en las representaciones colectivas sobre la selecciónbrasileña de fútbol. Argumento que el aumento extraordinario de la mercantilización del fútbol profesional, en especial enEuropa, transformó a los jugadores en multimillonarios que residen en el exterior, condición que dificulta la relación metonímicaestablecida, anteriormente, entre la selección nacional brasileña y el pueblo de Brasil. Establezco una conexión entre esasrepresentaciones y el gran número de proyectos sociales deportivos emprendidos en Brasil por atletas de alto rendimiento, entreellos jugadores que fueron parte de la selección brasileña de fútbol en las Copas del Mundo de la Federación Internacional deFútbol Asociado (FIFA), en especial a partir de 1994. Estos datos son interpretados a partir de la teoría del don de Marcel Mauss.Además, se realizó una comparación con datos argentinos sobre proyectos sociales deportivos que arrojó luz sobre el caso brasileño.SimIn this text, I discuss the changes in the collective representations of the Brazilian football team since 1994. I argue thatthe extraordinary increase in the commercialization of professional football, particulary in Europe, turned these players intomultimillionaires residing abroad, which hampers the previously established metonymic relationship between Brazilian footballteam and Brazilian people. I make a connection between these representations and the large number of social sports projectsundertaken in Brazil by high-performance athletes, among them players who played in the Brazilian soccer team at the FIFAWorld Cups, especially since 1994. ese data are interpreted according to Marcel Mauss’theory of the gi. In addition, there wasa comparison to Argentine data on social sports projects that, by contrast, shed light on Brazilian material