Nanomechanics of tip-link cadherins

Hearing and balance rely on the transduction of mechanical stimuli arising from sound waves or head movements into electrochemical signals. This archetypal mechanoelectrical transduction process occurs in the hair-cell stereocilia of the inner ear, which experience continuous oscillations driven by undulations in the endolymph in which they are immersed. The filamentous structures called tip links, formed by an intertwined thread composed of an heterotypic complex of cadherin 23 and protocadherin 15 ectodomain dimers, connect each stereocilium to the tip of the lower sterocilium, and must maintain their integrity against continuous stimulatory deflections. By using single molecule force spectroscopy, here we demonstrate that in contrast to the case of classical cadherins, tip-link cadherins are mechanoresilient structures even at the exceptionally low Ca2+ concentration of the endolymph. We also show that the D101G deafness point mutation in cadherin 23, which affects a Ca2+ coordination site, exhibits an altered mechanical phenotype at the physiological Ca2+ concentration. Our results show a remarkable case of functional adaptation of a protein’s nanomechanics to extremely low Ca2+ concentrations and pave the way to a full understanding of the mechanotransduction mechanism mediated by auditory cadherinsThis work was supported by the BIO2010-22275 grant from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) to M.C.-V

La comunicación para contribuir a garantizar los futuros agrónomos que necesita la comunidad

Many countries have made a valuation of the role of the farming sector and they have sketched some politics to support their development. Cuba is not apart from it and that is why the objective to guarantee the future farming experts that the country need constitute a principal task of the Cuban State, represented in the Minister of Education. The objective of this work consisted to evaluate the implementation quality of a group of designed actions to contribute to guarantee the future farming experts the community of Rafael Ferro need, located in La Palma municipality, according to the use of the community communication. The research begins from a social problem manifested by the lack of professionals in the sector of farming, what is a problem to satisfice the productive priorities of the sector itself. In the research is assumed as theoretical-methodological approach the dialectic-materialistic, supported by the research methods of the empirical and theoretical levels and the mathematics-statistical methods and techniques. From the theoretical level was applied the historical-logical, the analysis and synthesis, the induction and deduction, the system approach, the modulation and the hypothetical-deductive. From the empirical level was applied the documental revision, the observation, the survey and the interview. The mathematical-statistical methods were applied to the processing of the information. To evaluate the quality of the actions was applied, in its theoretical validation, the experts criterion through the Delphy method and in its practical validation is applied the experimental method in its pre-experimental variant. As result of the implementation of the actions was possible to guide the new generation to the farming activity and at the same time was improved the relation institution scholar-sector of the farming to guarantee the future farming experts the community need.Varios países han hecho una valoración del papel del sector agropecuario y han diseñado políticas para apoyar su desarrollo. Cuba no está ajena a ello y es por eso que el tema de garantizar los futuros agrónomos que necesita el país constituye una tarea priorizada del estado. El objetivo de la investigación consistió en valorar la calidad de la implementación de un grupo de acciones diseñadas para contribuir a garantizar los futuros agrónomos que necesita la comunidad Rafael Ferro, ubicada en el municipio La Palma, desde la utilización de la comunicación comunitaria. En la investigación se asume como enfoque teórico-metodológico, el dialécticoVarios países han hecho una valoración del papel del sector agropecuario y han diseñado políticas para apoyar su desarrollo. Cuba no está ajena a ello y es por eso que el tema de garantizar los futuros agrónomos que necesita el país constituye una tarea priorizada del estado. El objetivo de la investigación consistió en valorar la calidad de la implementación de un grupo de acciones diseñadas para contribuir a garantizar los futuros agrónomos que necesita la comunidad Rafael Ferro, ubicada en el municipio La Palma, desde la utilización de la comunicación comunitaria. En la investigación se asume como enfoque teórico-metodológico, el dialéctico-materialista, auxiliado por los métodos de investigación del nivel teórico y empírico y los métodos y técnicas matemático estadístico. Del nivel teórico se aplicó el Histórico-lógico, el análisis y la síntesis, la inducción y la deducción, el enfoque de sistema, la modelación y el hipotético-deductivo. Del nivel empírico se empleó la revisión documental, la observación, la encuesta y la entrevista. Los métodos estadístico-matemáticos, se emplearon para el procesamiento de la información. Para valorar la calidad de las acciones se empleó, en su validación teórica, el criterio de expertos, mediante el método Delphy y en su validación práctica, el método experimental, en su variante pre-experimento. Como resultado de la implementación de las acciones se logró interesar a los jóvenes hacia la actividad agropecuaria y asu vez mejoró la relación institución escolar-sector de la agricultura para garantizar los futuros agrónomos que necesita la comunidad

Challenge B: Human sciences in transition scenarios

Coordinators: Josep Martí Pérez (IMF, CSIC), Idoia Murga Castro (IH, CSIC).This challenge is formulated in terms of “humanities in transition,” that is, their approach and articulation in the face of the changes they must undergo to achieve the social weight that, due to their intrinsic relevance, should correspond to them. Faced with these situations that would demand a reinforcement in research and dissemination in diverse aspects of the humanities, from multiple perspectives, paradoxically an adverse panorama is drawn for the development and dissemination of humanistic knowledge, which concerns different factors. Some are related to the consideration of the area of knowledge itself, its organization within the scientific system, the questioning of its own limits, and the interaction with another knowledge. Considering current transition scenarios does not mean having to abandon old objectives, but it adds to the work conducted new objects of study closely related to current reality, such as: the informational revolution; the relations with the ecosystem and the environmental crisis; globalization; the intensification of human mobility and migration flows; the growing economic and social inequality; the frictions derived from the articulation of collective identities; the decolonization of discourses; demographic dynamics; integration of technological advances; and viability and support for alternative models of society.Peer reviewe

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries and regions (n = 21,644) were randomly assigned to one of two brief reappraisal interventions (reconstrual or repurposing) or one of two control conditions (active or passive). Results revealed that both reappraisal interventions (vesus both control conditions) consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions across different measures. Reconstrual and repurposing interventions had similar effects. Importantly, planned exploratory analyses indicated that reappraisal interventions did not reduce intentions to practice preventive health behaviours. The findings demonstrate the viability of creating scalable, low-cost interventions for use around the world

Un acercamiento a los resultados de los exámenes de ingreso a la Educación Superior en Pinar del Río en el curso 2013-2014

The results reached in the ordinary tests from the entrance to the Superior Education in the County of Pinegrove of the River in the school course 2013-2014 were inferior in the three subjects comparatively with those of the previous course, for what remembered on the part of the MINED, to carry out a profundización study to evaluate with depth the causes of the same ones and to propose the immediate actions to solve such a problem. It was used mainly, for the present study, technical as the interviews in depth and the revision of documents, combined with a procedure of triangulation of data.Los resultados alcanzados en las pruebas ordinarias del ingreso a la Educación Superior en la Provincia de Pinar del Río en el curso escolar 2013-2014 fueron inferiores en las tres asignaturas comparativamente con los del curso anterior, por lo que se acordó por parte del MINED, realizar un estudio de profundización para evaluar con profundidad las causas de los mismos y proponer las acciones inmediatas para solucionar tal problemática. Se utilizó principalmente, para el presente estudio, técnicas como las entrevistas en profundidad y la revisión de documentos, combinadas con un procedimiento de triangulación de datos

An approach to the results of Entrance Tests to High Education in Pinar del Río, in the 2013 – 2014 course

The results reached in the ordinary tests from the entrance to the Superior Education in the County of Pinegrove of the River in the school course 2013-2014 were inferior in the three subjects comparatively with those of the previous course, for what remembered on the part of the MINED, to carry out a profundización study to evaluate with depth the causes of the same ones and to propose the immediate actions to solve such a problem. It was used mainly, for the present study, technical as the interviews in depth and the revision of documents, combined with a procedure of triangulation of data

La construcción de textos: enseñanza del estilo funcional profesional en la carrera de Licenciatura en Cultura Física

La enseñanza de la construcción de textos escritos del estilo funcional profesional se considera una de las necesidades en la formación del futuro profesional de la cultura física, ya que estos demandan del dominio del mencionado estilo para ejercer con calidad uno de los roles que les corresponde en su entidad laboral. Sin embargo, el programa analítico de la asignatura Español Comunicativo no favorece que el alumno aprenda a acceder a los diferentes tipos de textos del estilo funcional profesional. Para resolver la mencionada insuficiencia se lleva a cabo una investigación de maestría. El presente trabajo ofrece los fundamentos teóricos que sustentan la investigación referida

Texts construction: professional functional style tea ching in Physical Culture degree course

The texts construction teaching of professional functional stile is considered one of physical culture future graduate necessities since they demand from the mentioned stile mastery to f ulfil one of the corresponding roles in the working entity. However, the analytic program of Communicative Spanish subject does not favour the student access to different type’s professional functional style texts. To solve the mentioned insufficiencies a research to get the master degree is being carried out. The present work gives theoretical bases to hold the research

Orellana lee...on-line

El trabajo obtuvo un Premio Tomás García Verdejo a las buenas prácticas educativas en la Comunidad Autónoma de Extremadura para el curso 2020/2021. Modalidad BSe expone el proyecto llevado a cabo en el IES Francisco de Orellana de Trujillo promovido desde la biblioteca del centro. Los objetivos de la propuesta fueron: fomentar la competencia lectora, el gusto por la lectura, la cultura, el arte y la ciencia y las técnicas de investigación, acceso, tratamiento de la información y el uso de las TIC, el desarrollo de las competencias básicas y la educación integral y en valores, así como la autonomía del alumnado; potenciar la lectura en papel y digital; crear canales de información y formación a familias y alumnado sobre la biblioteca, los clubes de lectura, etc.; realizar talleres de escritura creativa, trabajos de investigación y exposiones, así como actividades científicas y escénicas a partir de las lecturas seleccionadas en los clubes de lectura; integrar en el proyecto de biblioteca otros proyectos desarrollados en el instituto como RadioEdu, tutoría entre inguales, Escuela Embajadora Europea, etc.; organizar y coordinar las actividades propias de gestión de la biblioteca y mantener la página web y el blog de la biblioteca y la página de Facebook del centroExtremaduraES