La modelización espacial de las zonas litorales, una herramienta para el análisis de la sostenibilidad en las zonas costeras. Aplicación a la zona litoral del Mar Menor.

El artículo analiza la importancia de disponer de sistemas de representación y modelización de las zonas costeras y la franja litoral, que sean consistentes con los modelos terrestres y que permitan analizar con mayor rigor los efectos que la actividad humana genera en el medio marino. La investigación se ha centrado en el desarrollo de un prototipo de visualizador tridimensional del medio marino para el área de la Reserva Marina de Cabo de Palos-Islas Hormigas en el Mar Menor

Primer registro de Digitonthophagus gazella (Fabricius, 1787) y nuevo registro para Euoniticellus intermedius (Reiche, 1849) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Latreille, 1802) en El Salvador

The presence of the beetle Digitonthophagus gazella (Fabricius, 1787) is reported for the first time. In addition, the range of distribution of Euoniticellus intermedius (Reiche, 1849) in El Salvador is expanded, based on information obtained from collections made over twelve years and the current distribution map of E. intermedius in the territory is presented. In addition, the current situation of both species in the country and Central America is briefly discussed.Se reporta por primera vez la presencia del escarabajo Digitonthophagus gazella (Fabricius, 1787). Además, se amplía el rango de distribución de Euoniticellus intermedius (Reiche, 1849) en El Salvador, a partir de información obtenida de colectas realizadas a lo largo de doce años y se presenta el mapa de distribución actual de E. intermedius en el territorio. Adicionalmente, se discute brevemente la situación actual de ambas especies en el país y Centroamérica

Adsorción de colorantes provenientes de los residuos acuosos de la industria textil con hidróxidos dobles laminares de MgFeAl

Actualmente, se buscan alternativa para la eliminación de colorantes de las aguas residuales industriales del sector textil y disminuir la contaminación del agua de manera que sea más sencillo reusar el recurso como agua de riego, u otras actividades en las que se requiera. En esta investigación es realiza la adsorción de colorantes típicos (azo) de los residuos acuosos de la industria textil (azul remozol brillantem orange II y negro reactivo 5) por medio de hidróxidos dobles laminares (HDL) a base de MgFeAl modificados con algún porcentaje hierro coordinado octaédricamente con flúor. Se comprobaron las propiedades fisicoquímicas del material sintetizado por las técnicas de caracterización de difracción de rayos X, espectroscopia por transformada de Fourier y análisis termogravimétrico. Finalmente, se logró el proceso de adsorción de los colorantes seguido por espectrometría ultravioleta visible (UV-vis), en diferentes proporciones para cada colorante.At present, they look for alternative for the elimination of colourings of the industrial wastes water of the textile sector and to diminish the water pollution so that it is simpler to re-use the resource like irrigation water, or other activities in which it is needed. In this investigation it is it realizes the adsorción of typical colourings (azo) of the watery residues of the textile industry (blue remozol brillantem orange II and black reagent 5) by means of double hydroxides you will laminate (HDL) by means of MgFeAl modified with some percentage coordinated iron octahedrally with fluorine. The properties were verified physicochemical of the material synthesized by the skills of characterization of diffraction of x-rays, spectroscopy for transformed of Fourier and analysis thermogravimetric. Finally, there was achieved the process of adsorción of the colourings continued by visible ultraviolet spectrometry (UV-vis), in different proportions for every coloring

Harassment patterns and risk profile in Spanish trans person

This article describes the harassment patterns and the risk profile in trans people living in Spain. A sample of 212 trans persons,aged 10-62, participated in this cross-sectional study. Results showed a high percentage of harassment (59.9%) and frequency of daily harassment (12.6%), especially verbal attacks (59%) that occurred in public spaces (49.1%) and within educational contexts (46.2%). Harassment is more prevalent in trans women than men. Those who disclose their gender identities at a younger age experience higher percentages and frequency of harassment than those who disclose at an older age. They also suffer more harassment of different types. The risk profile of harassment indicates that older trans women are more likely to suffer harassment than younger ones, and the risk decreases each year they delay their gender identity disclosure. The elimination of transphobic attitudes and the promotion of gender justice should be priority strategies in Spain

Comunicar ciencia en México. Prácticas y escenarios

Este volumen permite profundizar en las prácticas y los escenarios de la comunicación de la ciencia en México. En sus capítulos se abordan desde temas generales en materia de investigación y divulgación de la ciencia en el país, hasta aspectos específicos de estas áreas mediante un rico conjunto de estudios de caso que tratan cuestiones como la construcción simbólica del futuro en la ficción, la narrativa de la ciencia, el proceso de producción del proyecto de divulgación denominado La batalla de las ciencias, o las implicaciones de los recursos de autoridad al elegir una licenciatura en física, química o biología

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV: mapping the Milky Way, nearby galaxies, and the distant universe

We describe the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV), a project encompassing three major spectroscopic programs. The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) is observing hundreds of thousands of Milky Way stars at high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratios in the near-infrared. The Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey is obtaining spatially resolved spectroscopy for thousands of nearby galaxies (median ). The extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) is mapping the galaxy, quasar, and neutral gas distributions between and 3.5 to constrain cosmology using baryon acoustic oscillations, redshift space distortions, and the shape of the power spectrum. Within eBOSS, we are conducting two major subprograms: the SPectroscopic IDentification of eROSITA Sources (SPIDERS), investigating X-ray AGNs and galaxies in X-ray clusters, and the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS), obtaining spectra of variable sources. All programs use the 2.5 m Sloan Foundation Telescope at the Apache Point Observatory; observations there began in Summer 2014. APOGEE-2 also operates a second near-infrared spectrograph at the 2.5 m du Pont Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, with observations beginning in early 2017. Observations at both facilities are scheduled to continue through 2020. In keeping with previous SDSS policy, SDSS-IV provides regularly scheduled public data releases; the first one, Data Release 13, was made available in 2016 July

Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV: Mapping the Milky Way, Nearby Galaxies, and the Distant Universe

We describe the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV), a project encompassing three major spectroscopic programs. The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) is observing hundreds of thousands of Milky Way stars at high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratios in the near-infrared. The Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey is obtaining spatially resolved spectroscopy for thousands of nearby galaxies (median $z\sim 0.03$). The extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) is mapping the galaxy, quasar, and neutral gas distributions between $z\sim 0.6$ and 3.5 to constrain cosmology using baryon acoustic oscillations, redshift space distortions, and the shape of the power spectrum. Within eBOSS, we are conducting two major subprograms: the SPectroscopic IDentification of eROSITA Sources (SPIDERS), investigating X-ray AGNs and galaxies in X-ray clusters, and the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS), obtaining spectra of variable sources. All programs use the 2.5 m Sloan Foundation Telescope at the Apache Point Observatory; observations there began in Summer 2014. APOGEE-2 also operates a second near-infrared spectrograph at the 2.5 m du Pont Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, with observations beginning in early 2017. Observations at both facilities are scheduled to continue through 2020. In keeping with previous SDSS policy, SDSS-IV provides regularly scheduled public data releases; the first one, Data Release 13, was made available in 2016 July