400 research outputs found
Process-oriented Iterative Multiple Alignment for Medical Process Mining
Adapted from biological sequence alignment, trace alignment is a process
mining technique used to visualize and analyze workflow data. Any analysis done
with this method, however, is affected by the alignment quality. The best
existing trace alignment techniques use progressive guide-trees to
heuristically approximate the optimal alignment in O(N2L2) time. These
algorithms are heavily dependent on the selected guide-tree metric, often
return sum-of-pairs-score-reducing errors that interfere with interpretation,
and are computationally intensive for large datasets. To alleviate these
issues, we propose process-oriented iterative multiple alignment (PIMA), which
contains specialized optimizations to better handle workflow data. We
demonstrate that PIMA is a flexible framework capable of achieving better
sum-of-pairs score than existing trace alignment algorithms in only O(NL2)
time. We applied PIMA to analyzing medical workflow data, showing how iterative
alignment can better represent the data and facilitate the extraction of
insights from data visualization.Comment: accepted at ICDMW 201
Evaluation of Trace Alignment Quality and its Application in Medical Process Mining
Trace alignment algorithms have been used in process mining for discovering
the consensus treatment procedures and process deviations. Different alignment
algorithms, however, may produce very different results. No widely-adopted
method exists for evaluating the results of trace alignment. Existing
reference-free evaluation methods cannot adequately and comprehensively assess
the alignment quality. We analyzed and compared the existing evaluation
methods, identifying their limitations, and introduced improvements in two
reference-free evaluation methods. Our approach assesses the alignment result
globally instead of locally, and therefore helps the algorithm to optimize
overall alignment quality. We also introduced a novel metric to measure the
alignment complexity, which can be used as a constraint on alignment algorithm
optimization. We tested our evaluation methods on a trauma resuscitation
dataset and provided the medical explanation of the activities and patterns
identified as deviations using our proposed evaluation methods.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures and 5 table
Electrical conductivity of the Pampean Shallow Subduction Region of Argentina near 33 S: evidence for a slab window
We present a three-dimensional (3-D) interpretation of 117 long period (20–4096 s) magnetotelluric (MT) sites between 31°S and 35°S in western Argentina. They cover the most horizontal part of the Pampean shallow angle subduction of the Nazca Plate and extend south into the more steeply dipping region. Sixty-two 3-D inversions using various smoothing parameters and data misfit goals were done with a nonlinear conjugate gradient (NLCG) algorithm. A dominant feature of the mantle structure east of the horizontal slab is a conductive plume rising from near the top of the mantle transition zone at 410 km to the probable base of the lithosphere at 100 km depth. The subducted slab is known to descend to 190 km just west of the plume, but the Wadati-Benioff zone cannot be traced deeper. If the slab is extrapolated downdip it slices through the plume at 250 km depth. Removal of portions of the plume or blocking vertical current flow at 250 km depth significantly changes the predicted responses. This argues that the plume is not an artifact and that it is continuous. The simplest explanation is that there is a “wedge”-shaped slab window that has torn laterally and opens down to the east with its apex at the plume location. Stress within the slab and seismic tomography support this shape. Its northern edge likely explains why there is no deep seismicity south of 29°S.Fil: Burd, Aurora I.. University of Washington; Estados UnidosFil: Booker, John R.. University of Washington; Estados UnidosFil: Mackie, Randall. Land General Geophysics; ItaliaFil: Pomposiello, Maria Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de GeocronologĂa y GeologĂa Isotopica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de GeocronologĂa y GeologĂa Isotopica; ArgentinaFil: Favetto, Alicia Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Oficina de CoordinaciĂłn Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de GeocronologĂa y GeologĂa Isotopica. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de GeocronologĂa y GeologĂa Isotopica; Argentin
Braneworld Dynamics of Inflationary Cosmologies with Exponential Potentials
In this work we consider Randall-Sundrum braneworld type scenarios, in which
the spacetime is described by a five-dimensional manifold with matter fields
confined in a domain wall or three-brane. We present the results of a
systematic analysis, using dynamical systems techniques, of the qualitative
behaviour of Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker type models, whose matter is
described by a scalar field with an exponential potential. We construct the
state spaces for these models and discuss how their structure changes with
respect to the general-relativistic case, in particular, what new critical
points appear and their nature and the occurrence of bifurcation.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, RevTex 4. Submitted to Physical Review
Modified Gravity and Cosmology
In this review we present a thoroughly comprehensive survey of recent work on
modified theories of gravity and their cosmological consequences. Amongst other
things, we cover General Relativity, Scalar-Tensor, Einstein-Aether, and
Bimetric theories, as well as TeVeS, f(R), general higher-order theories,
Horava-Lifschitz gravity, Galileons, Ghost Condensates, and models of extra
dimensions including Kaluza-Klein, Randall-Sundrum, DGP, and higher
co-dimension braneworlds. We also review attempts to construct a Parameterised
Post-Friedmannian formalism, that can be used to constrain deviations from
General Relativity in cosmology, and that is suitable for comparison with data
on the largest scales. These subjects have been intensively studied over the
past decade, largely motivated by rapid progress in the field of observational
cosmology that now allows, for the first time, precision tests of fundamental
physics on the scale of the observable Universe. The purpose of this review is
to provide a reference tool for researchers and students in cosmology and
gravitational physics, as well as a self-contained, comprehensive and
up-to-date introduction to the subject as a whole.Comment: 312 pages, 15 figure
The who, what, why, and how-to guide for gastrostomy tube placement in infants
The decision to place a gastrostomy tube in an infant can be confusing and difficult for both parents and professionals. A unified team approach is critical to communication and collaboration. Once the decision is made, coordinated parent education, discharge planning, and community integration are essential to facilitate a safe discharge. This article reviews the indications and options for gastrostomy placement, outlines current concepts in gastrostomy tube care, and answers the most frequently asked questions about the discharge and home care of infants with a gastrostomy tube. Copyright © 2003 by The National Association of Neonatal Nurses
Inguinal hernia in the premature infant: management of a common problem.
Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common surgical procedures performed on premature infants. Improved survival rates in the NICU have led to an increase in the incidence of premature infants with inguinal hernias. The NICU nurse, often the first to notice an inguinal hernia in a premature infant, should understand the etiology, basic pathophysiology, and nursing care for this condition
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