14,708 research outputs found
Braneworld Cosmological Perturbation Theory at Low Energy
Homogeneous cosmology in the braneworld can be studied without solving bulk
equations of motion explicitly. The reason is simply because the symmetry of
the spacetime restricts possible corrections in the 4-dimensional effective
equations of motion. It would be great if we could analyze cosmological
perturbations without solving the bulk. For this purpose, we combine the
geometrical approach and the low energy gradient expansion method to derive the
4-dimensional effective action. Given our effective action, the standard
procedure to obtain the cosmological perturbation theory can be utilized and
the temperature anisotropy of the cosmic background radiation can be computed
without solving the bulk equations of motion explicitly.Comment: 10 pages, Based on a talk presented at ACRGR4, the 4th Australasian
Conference on General Relativity and Gravitation, Monash University,
Melbourne, January 2004. To appear in the proceedings, in General Relativity
and Gravitatio
Braneworld Kaluza-Klein Corrections in a Nutshell
Evaluating Kaluza-Klein (KK) corrections is indispensable to test the
braneworld scenario. In this paper, we propose a novel symmetry approach to a
4-dimensional effective action with KK corrections for the Randall-Sundrum
two-brane system. The result can be used to assess the validity of the low
energy approximation. Also, our result provides the basis for predicting CMB
spectrum with KK corrections and the study of the transition from black strings
to black holes.Comment: 4 page
A note on initial state entanglement in inflationary cosmology
We give a new interpretation of the effect of initial state entanglement on
the spectrum of vacuum fluctuations. We consider an initially entangled state
between two free massive scalar fields in de Sitter space. We construct the
initial state by making use of a Bogoliubov transformation between the
Bunch-Davies vacuum and a four mode squeezed state, and then derive the exact
power spectrum for one of the scalar fields. We demonstrate that an oscillatory
spectrum hardly appears for the initially entangled state unless an ad hoc
absolute value of the Bogoliubov coefficients is chosen.Comment: 10 page
Cosmological implications of quantum entanglement in the multiverse
We explore the cosmological implications of quantum entanglement between two
causally disconnected universes in the multiverse. We first consider two
causally separated de Sitter spaces with a state which is initially entangled.
We derive the reduced density matrix of our universe and compute the spectrum
of vacuum fluctuations. We then consider the same system with an initially
non-entangled state. We find that scale dependent modulations may enter the
spectrum for the case of initially non-entangled state due to quantum
interference. This gives rise to the possibility that the existence of causally
disconnected universes may be experimentally tested by analyzing correlators in
detail.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figur
Non-college-bound English learners as the underserved third: How students graduate from high school without being college- or career-ready
Not all high school students go to college. Yet, because there is currently such a dominant
emphasis on “college for all,” preparing non-college-bound students for career-readiness has
received short shrift. This issue is particularly important for English learners (ELs) because
close to half of high school ELs do not advance to postsecondary education. Through a
longitudinal ethnography of two underperforming, non-college-bound ELs, I examine how and
why a relatively well-resourced school allowed these students to graduate without college- and
career-readiness. I argue that although there were substantial structural inequalities that led to
the under-education of the two ELs, educators at the school were largely unaware of such
barriers and attributed the ELs’ underachievement to the students’ own deficits. I counter this
institutional deficit orientation with alternative stories of student assets that illuminate the
substantial strengths and talents that the focal ELs possessed, which, if recognized and integrated
into their education, could have led to career-readiness.Accepted manuscrip
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