TRAJETÓRIAS DO IDEÁRIO PARTICIPATIVO NO BRASIL

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar as mudanças na trajetória dos ideários participativos. Baseado em pesquisa documental e revisão bibliográfica, o texto aponta como, no Brasil, algumas visões sobre a democracia participativa ganharam e outras perderam força. Se nos anos 1970 havia uma forte presença de concepções que afirmavam a importância de utilizar o espaço participativo como forma de organização da sociedade (nos sindicatos, nos movimentos populares e no próprio partido) e de educação para cidadania, o que denominamos aqui como “participação como emancipação”, ao longo do tempo esta visão perdeu força. E passaram a entrar nos argumentos políticos visões da participação como forma de apoiar os governos, de um lado, e de fiscalizar o Estado, de outro, que denominamos aqui como “participação como deliberação”. Já durante o governo petista foi se consolidando uma visão de participação “como escuta”. TRAJECTORY OF PARTICIPATORY IDEALS IN BRAZILThis article aims to present the changes in the trajectory of participatory ideals. Based on documentary research and bibliographical review, the text points out how, in Brazil, some views on participatory democracy “won” and others “lost force”. If in the 1970s there was a strong presence of conceptions that affirmed the importance of using participatory space as a form of organization of society (in unions, popular movements and in the party itself) and education for citizenship, what we call here as “participation as emancipation”, over time this vision has lost strength. Political views began to enter into the views of participation as a way to support governments on the one hand and to oversee the state, on the other, which we refer to here as “participation as deliberation”. Already during the PT government, a vision of participation “as a listener” was consolidated.Keywords: Participatory democracy, Participation, Participatory institutions. TRAJECTOIRE DES PARTICIPATIVE IDÉES AU BRÉSILCet article vise à présenter les changements dans la trajectoire des participative idées. Basé sur des recherches documentaires et sur une revue de la littérature, le texte montre comment, au Brésil, certains points de vue sur la démocratie participative ont gagné et d’autres ont perdu de leur force dans le temps. Si, dans les années 1970, il existait une forte présence de conceptions de la « participation comme émancipation », affirmant l’importance d’utiliser l’espace participatif comme forme d’organisation de la société (dans les syndicats, les mouvements populaires et le parti) et l’éducation à la citoyenneté, cette vision a perdu de sa vigueur avec le temps. Des visions politiques de la participation ont émergé dans le discours comme moyen de soutenir les gouvernements, d’une part, et de surveiller l’État, d’autre part, ce que nous appelons ici “participation en tant que délibération”. Pendant le gouvernement petista, une vision de la participation “en tant qu’écoute” s’est par ailleurs dévelopée et consolidée.Mots clés: Démocratie participative, Participation, Institutions participatives

Efeitos combinados dos movimentos de moradia sobre os programas habitacionais autogestionários

O artigo discute os efeitos políticos dos movimentos sociais sobre a política pública, a partir do caso da União Nacional por Moradia Popular (UNMP). Para essa análise, mobilizamos a literatura anglo-saxônica que tem se dedicado ao estudo dos resultados dos movimentos, com ênfase sobre o modelo dos efeitos combinados (joint-effect model). A UNMP tem impactado a política pública no que concerne aos programas habitacionais autogestionários, a partir de uma combinação entre capacidade de mobilização e a presença de aliados em posições institucionais de poder. Na compreensão sobre como essas variáveis se combinam na produção resultados, destacamos dois fatores explicativos: o compartilhamento de projetos e a múltipla filiação.

Efeitos combinados dos movimentos de moradia sobre os programas habitacionais autogestionários

The article discusses the political effects of the National Union for Popular Housing (UNMP, in Portuguese) on public policy. For this analysis, we mobilize the Anglo-Saxon literature that has been devoted to the study the results of social movements, especially the literature on the model of the joint-effect model. The UNMP has impacted the self-managed housing programs through a combination of mobilizations capacity and the presence of institutional allies in positions of power. To understanding how these variables are combined to produce results, we highlight two explanatory factors: projects sharing and multiple membershipO artigo discute os efeitos políticos dos movimentos sociais sobre a política pública, a partir do caso da União Nacional por Moradia Popular (UNMP). Para essa análise, mobilizamos a literatura anglo-saxônica que tem se dedicado ao estudo dos resultados dos movimentos, com ênfase sobre o modelo dos efeitos combinados (joint-effect model). A UNMP tem impactado a política pública no que concerne aos programas habitacionais autogestionários, a partir de uma combinação entre capacidade de mobilização e a presença de aliados em posições institucionais de poder. Na compreensão sobre como essas variáveis se combinam na produção resultados, destacamos dois fatores explicativos: o compartilhamento de projetos e a múltipla filiação.O artigo discute os efeitos políticos dos movimentos sociais sobre a política pública, a partir do caso da União Nacional por Moradia Popular (UNMP). Para essa análise, mobilizamos a literatura anglo-saxônica que tem se dedicado ao estudo dos resultados d245885102The article discusses the political effects of the National Union for Popular Housing (UNMP, in Portuguese) on public policy. For this analysis, we mobilize the Anglo-Saxon literature that has been devoted to the study the results of social movements, es

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Search for heavy resonances decaying to two Higgs bosons in final states containing four b quarks

A search is presented for narrow heavy resonances X decaying into pairs of Higgs bosons (H) in proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at root s = 8 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb(-1). The search considers HH resonances with masses between 1 and 3 TeV, having final states of two b quark pairs. Each Higgs boson is produced with large momentum, and the hadronization products of the pair of b quarks can usually be reconstructed as single large jets. The background from multijet and t (t) over bar events is significantly reduced by applying requirements related to the flavor of the jet, its mass, and its substructure. The signal would be identified as a peak on top of the dijet invariant mass spectrum of the remaining background events. No evidence is observed for such a signal. Upper limits obtained at 95 confidence level for the product of the production cross section and branching fraction sigma(gg -> X) B(X -> HH -> b (b) over barb (b) over bar) range from 10 to 1.5 fb for the mass of X from 1.15 to 2.0 TeV, significantly extending previous searches. For a warped extra dimension theory with amass scale Lambda(R) = 1 TeV, the data exclude radion scalar masses between 1.15 and 1.55 TeV

Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt s = 13 TeV

Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons are measured over a broad multiplicity range, from a few particles up to about 250 reconstructed charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV. The results are based on data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC during runs with a special low-pileup configuration. Three analysis techniques with different degrees of dependence on simulations are used to remove the non-Bose-Einstein background from the correlation functions. All three methods give consistent results. The measured lengths of homogeneity are studied as functions of particle multiplicity as well as average pair transverse momentum and mass. The results are compared with data from both CMS and ATLAS at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV, as well as with theoretical predictions.[graphic not available: see fulltext]Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons are measured over a broad multiplicity range, from a few particles up to about 250 reconstructed charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV. The results are based on data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC during runs with a special low-pileup configuration. Three analysis techniques with different degrees of dependence on simulations are used to remove the non-Bose-Einstein background from the correlation functions. All three methods give consistent results. The measured lengths of homogeneity are studied as functions of particle multiplicity as well as average pair transverse momentum and mass. The results are compared with data from both CMS and ATLAS at $\sqrt{s} =$ 7 TeV, as well as with theoretical predictions

Search for dark matter in events with a leptoquark and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV

A search is presented for dark matter in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of root s= 13 TeV using events with at least one high transverse momentum (p(T)) muon, at least one high-p(T) jet, and large missing transverse momentum. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2016 and 2017, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 77.4 fb(-1). In the examined scenario, a pair of scalar leptoquarks is assumed to be produced. One leptoquark decays to a muon and a jet while the other decays to dark matter and low-p(T) standard model particles. The signature for signal events would be significant missing transverse momentum from the dark matter in conjunction with a peak at the leptoquark mass in the invariant mass distribution of the highest p(T) muon and jet. The data are observed to be consistent with the background predicted by the standard model. For the first benchmark scenario considered, dark matter masses up to 500 GeV are excluded for leptoquark masses m(LQ) approximate to 1400 GeV, and up to 300 GeV for m(LQ) approximate to 1500 GeV. For the second benchmark scenario, dark matter masses up to 600 GeV are excluded for m(LQ) approximate to 1400 GeV. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Search for an L-mu - L-tau gauge boson using Z -> 4 mu events in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search for a narrow Z' gauge boson with a mass between 5 and 70 GeV resulting from an L-mu - L-tau U (1) local gauge symmetry is reported. Theories that predict such a particle have been proposed as an explanation of various experimental discrepancies, including the lack of a dark matter signal in direct-detection experiments, tension in the measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, and reports of possible lepton flavor universality violation in B meson decays. A data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 77.3 fb(-1) recorded in 2016 and 2017 by the CMS detector at the LHC. Events containing four muons with an invariant mass near the standard model Z boson mass are analyzed, and the selection is further optimized to be sensitive to the events that may contain Z -> Z'mu mu -> 4 mu decays. The event yields are consistent with the standard model predictions. Upper limits of 10(-8)-10(-7) at 95% confidence level are set on the product of branching fractions B(Z -> Z'mu mu)B(Z' -> mu mu), depending on the Z' mass, which excludes a Z' boson coupling strength to muons above 0.004-0.3. These are the first dedicated limits on L-mu - L-tau models at the LHC and result in a significant increase in the excluded model parameter space. The results of this search may also be used to constrain the coupling strength of any light Z' gauge boson to muons. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Measurement of the Splitting Function in &ITpp &ITand Pb-Pb Collisions at root&ITsNN&IT=5.02 TeV

Data from heavy ion collisions suggest that the evolution of a parton shower is modified by interactions with the color charges in the dense partonic medium created in these collisions, but it is not known where in the shower evolution the modifications occur. The momentum ratio of the two leading partons, resolved as subjets, provides information about the parton shower evolution. This substructure observable, known as the splitting function, reflects the process of a parton splitting into two other partons and has been measured for jets with transverse momentum between 140 and 500 GeV, in pp and PbPb collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair. In central PbPb collisions, the splitting function indicates a more unbalanced momentum ratio, compared to peripheral PbPb and pp collisions.. The measurements are compared to various predictions from event generators and analytical calculations.Peer reviewe

Azimuthal separation in nearly back-to-back jet topologies in inclusive 2-and 3-jet events in pp collisions at root s=13TeV

A measurement for inclusive 2- and 3-jet events of the azimuthal correlation between the two jets with the largest transverse momenta, Delta phi(12), is presented. The measurement considers events where the two leading jets are nearly collinear ("back-to-back") in the transverse plane and is performed for several ranges of the leading jet transverse momentum. Proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1) are used. Predictions based on calculations using matrix elements at leading-order and next-to-leading-order accuracy in perturbative quantum chromodynamics supplemented with leading-log parton showers and hadronization are generally in agreement with themeasurements. Discrepancies between the measurement and theoretical predictions are as large as 15%, mainly in the region 177 degrees <Delta phi(12) <180 degrees. The 2- and 3-jet measurements are not simultaneously described by any of models.Peer reviewe