Green coffee seed residue: A sustainable source of antioxidant compounds.

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A GHEP-ISFG collaborative study on the genetic variation of 38 autosomal indels for human identification in different continental populations

A collaborative effort was carried out by the Spanish and Portuguese Speaking Working Group of the International Society for Forensic Genetics (GHEP-ISFG) to promote knowledge exchange between associate laboratories interested in the implementation of indel-based methodologies and build allele frequency databases of 38 indels for forensic applications. These databases include populations from different countries that are relevant for identification and kinship investigations undertaken by the participating laboratories. Before compiling population data, participants were asked to type the 38 indels in blind samples from annual GHEP-ISFG proficiency tests, using an amplification protocol previously described. Only laboratories that reported correct results contributed with population data to this study. A total of 5839 samples were genotyped from 45 different populations from Africa, America, East Asia, Europe and Middle East. Population differentiation analysis showed significant differences between most populations studied from Africa and America, as well as between two Asian populations from China and East Timor. Low FST values were detected among most European populations. Overall diversities and parameters of forensic efficiency were high in populations from all continents.RP is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship (SFRH/BPD/81986/2011) awarded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and co-financed by the European Social Fund (Human Potential Thematic Operational Programme – POPH

Corticosteroids for severe sepsis: an evidence-based guide for physicians

Septic shock is characterized by uncontrolled systemic inflammation that contributes to the progression of organ failures and eventually death. There is now ample evidence that the inability of the host to mount an appropriate hypothalamic-pituitary and adrenal axis response plays a major in overwhelming systemic inflammation during infections. Proinflammatory mediators released in the inflamed sites oppose to the anti-inflammatory response, an effect that may be reversed by exogenous corticosteroids. With sepsis, via nongenomic and genomic effects, corticosteroids restore cardiovascular homeostasis, terminate systemic and tissue inflammation, restore organ function, and prevent death. These effects of corticosteroids have been consistently found in animal studies and in most recent frequentist and Bayesian meta-analyses. Corticosteroids should be initiated only in patients with sepsis who require 0.5 μg/kg per minute or more of norepinephrine and should be continued for 5 to 7 days except in patients with poor hemodynamic response after 2 days of corticosteroids and with a cortisol increment of more than 250 nmol/L after a standard adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) test. Hydrocortisone should be given at a daily dose of 200 mg and preferably combined to enteral fludrocortisone at a dose of 50 μg. Blood glucose levels should be kept below 150 mg/dL

Progress and prospects for event tourism research

This paper examines event tourism as a field of study and area of professional practice updating the previous review article published in 2008. In this substantially extended review, a deeper analysis of the field’s evolution and development is presented, charting the growth of the literature, focusing both chronologically and thematically. A framework for understanding and creating knowledge about events and tourism is presented, forming the basis which signposts established research themes and concepts and outlines future directions for research. In addition, the review article focuses on constraining and propelling forces, ontological advances, contributions from key journals, and emerging themes and issues. It also presents a roadmap for research activity in event tourism

A GHEP-ISFG collaborative study on the genetic variation of 38 autosomal indels for human identification in different continental populations

A collaborative effort was carried out by the Spanish and Portuguese Speaking Working Group of the International Society for Forensic Genetics (GHEP-ISFG) to promote knowledge exchange between associate laboratories interested in the implementation of indel-based methodologies and build allele frequency databases of 38 indels for forensic applications. These databases include populations from different countries that are relevant for identification and kinship investigations undertaken by the participating laboratories. Before compiling population data, participants were asked to type the 38 indels in blind samples from annual GHEP-ISFG proficiency tests, using an amplification protocol previously described. Only laboratories that reported correct results contributed with population data to this study. A total of 5839 samples were genotyped from 45 different populations from Africa, America, East Asia, Europe and Middle East. Population differentiation analysis showed significant differences between most populations studied from Africa and America, as well as between two Asian populations from China and East Timor. Low FST values were detected among most European populations. Overall diversities and parameters of forensic efficiency were high in populations from all continents.Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología CelularFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

The added impact of parenting education in early childhood education programs: A meta-analysis

Many early childhood education (ECE) programs seek to enhance parents’ capacities to support their children's development. Using a meta-analytic database of 46 studies of ECE programs that served children age three to five-years-old, we examine the benefits to children's cognitive and pre-academic skills of adding parenting education to ECE programs for children and consider the differential impacts of: 1) parenting education programs of any type; 2) parenting education programs that provided parents with modeling of or opportunities to practice stimulating behaviors and 3) parenting education programs that were delivered through intensive home visiting. The results of the study call into question some general longstanding assertions regarding the benefits of including parenting education in early childhood programs. We find no differences in program impacts between ECE programs that did and did not provide some form of parenting education. We find some suggestive evidence that among ECE programs that provided parenting education, those that provided parents with opportunities to practice parenting skills were associated with greater short-term impacts on children's pre-academic skills. Among ECE programs that provided parenting education, those that did so through one or more home visits a month yielded effect sizes for cognitive outcomes that were significantly larger than programs that provided lower dosages of home visits

Anticorpos anti-receptores a neurotransmissores e sua correlaçao com a alteraçao da dispersao do QT e da variabilidade da freqüência cardíaca

Objetivos: Estudar a associaçao entre as alteraçoes da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC); dispersao do QT e a presença de anticorpos anti-receptores a neurotransmissores na doença de Chagas (com ou sem cardiopatia). Material e Métodos: Em uma mostra de 241 indivíduos, foram incluídos 108 pacientes chagásicos em período indeterminado; 102 com cardiopatia grupo A (classificaçao do Conselho da Doença de Chagas e Miocardiopatias Infecciosas Dr. Salvador Mazza) e 31 controles nao chagásicos. Neles, a infecçao foi detectada com três reaçoes serológicas positivas, determinou-se a presença de IgG anti-RA com o método ELISA e alteraçoes da VFC por Holter de 24 hs e la dispersao do qt por mediçao electrocardiografica. Métodos estatísticos: Chi quadrado; Odd Ratio; avaliaçao de Mantel y Haenszel; regressao logística múltipla. Resultados: Um 31% dos indeterminados (34 casos) apresentam AcsRN positivos. Destes pacientes 20 (58%) possuem valores iguais ou maiores a 65 mseg na DQT e 23 (67%) possuem valores iguais ou menores a 100 ms na DS da SDNN. Dispersao do QT > a 65 ms e AcArN positivos 20 ptes (95,2%) e 1 com AcArN negativo (4,8%). 28 pacientes apresentavam alteraçao da VFC (SDNN Conclusoes: A presença de IgG anti-RA, de alteraçoes da VFC e da dispersao do QT foi mais significativa com maior idade e cardiopatia. Na etapa indeterminada encontrou-se a presença de anticorpos anti-receptores anti-neurotransmissores em uma porcentagem significativa, o que sugeriria que sua presença é um indicador precoce de Disautonomia e suas complicaçoes (arritmias severas, morte súbita e falha cardíaca). Possivelmente, os dados obtidos permitiram deduzir que a inclusao destes testes dentro de um algoritmo de estudos do infectado e doente chagásico, possibilitariam separar um grupo de alto risco de evoluçao da doença