O TREINAMENTO PERSONALIZADO: UM ENFOQUE PARADIGMÁTICO DA PERFORMANCE PARA O DO BEM-ESTAR

O serviço de treinamento personalizado é utilizado por um grupo de pessoas que por diferentes objetivos e interesses buscam melhorias na saúde, performance dentre outros aspectos. Porém, o atendimento prestado pelo personal trainer (PT), através de um programa personalizado de atividade física (PPAF), pode apresentar limitações na sua execução quando não considera outras dimensões do Homem, além do aspecto biofísico. Para isso, o texto tem a preocupação em abordar concepções básicas referentes à prescrição de um PPAF e à natureza do Homem, tornando-se então possível apresentar uma filosofia de trabalho, que possa contribuir não só com a dimensão física como também a dimensão psicológica, moral e social que envolve a vida dos clientes que utilizam um PPAF. Tendo em vista que estes, ao procurarem os serviços de um PT, buscam também alternativas para suprir carências existenciais próprias e de diferentes naturezas.The Personalized Training: the paradigmatic approach of the performance for the wellnessAbstract: The service of personal training is used by a group of people that for different goals and interests in such a way looks for improvements in health, performance among other things. However, the attendance given by the personal trainer (PT), through a personalized program of physical activity (PPPA) may presents limitations in its implementation, if not consider other dimensions of the man, beyond the biophysical aspect. This review is concerned to address basic conceptions about the prescription of a PPPA and the nature of the Man, then become possible to present a philosophy of work that can contribute not only to the physical dimension but also the psychological dimension, moral and social life that involve client who use a PPPA. In order that the client through the services of a PT, also seek alternatives to supply shortages existential own and different natures

Arduino uma tecnologia de baixo custo para a termometria de grãos armazenados/ Arduino a low cost technology for thermometry of stored grain

A deterioração dos grãos armazenados em silos passa por diferentes processos podendo ser causado por fatores diversos dentre os quais podemos citar: metabolismo, fungos, insetos e outros organismos vivos, no entanto todos os fatores que ameaçam a perda de qualidade dos grãos, causam um aumento de temperatura. Assim, o registro constante da temperatura dos grãos pode impedir um processo de deterioração para uma ação rápida e necessário que o armazém esteja equipado com um sistema de termometria. Diante destes fatos tem-se por objetivo neste estudo desenvolver um sistema de termometria de baixo custo que possa ser de fácil utilização cobrindo esta lacuna de custo para os pequenos e médios produtores e melhorando o controle da qualidade dos grãos de uma forma geral. Ao final do trabalho foi possível desenvolver um cabo capaz de reproduzir de forma adequada a temperatura interna do silo

The Chemical Profile of Senna velutina Leaves and Their Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Effects

Natural products can be a source of biomolecules with antioxidant activity which are able to prevent oxidative stress-induced diseases and show antitumor activity, making them important sources of new anticancer drug prototypes. In this context, this study aimed to analyze the chemical composition of an ethanol extract of Senna velutina leaves and to assess its antioxidant and cytotoxic activities in leukemic cells. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using a DPPH free radical scavenging assay and by examining the extract's inhibition of AAPH-induced lipid peroxidation in human erythrocytes. Its cytotoxicity and possible mechanisms of action were assessed in Jurkat and K562 leukemic cell lines. The ethanol extract contained flavonoids, such as epigallocatechin, epicatechin, kaempferol heteroside, rutin, and dimeric and trimeric proanthocyanidin derivatives. The extract exhibited antioxidant activity by scavenging free radicals and antihemolytic action, and it decreased malondialdehyde content in human erythrocytes. Furthermore, the extract also induced leukemic cell death by activating intracellular calcium and caspase-3, decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential, and arresting the cell cycle in S and G2 phases. Hence, S. velutina leaf extract contains antioxidant and antileukemic biomolecules with potential applications in diseases associated with oxidative stress and in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation.This work was supported by grants of the Fundac¸˜ao de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ciˆencia e Tecnologia do Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDECT), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient´ıfico e Tecnol´ogico (CNPq), and Coordenac¸˜ao de Aperfeic¸oamento de Pessoal de N´ıvel Superior (CAPES). Edson Lucas dos Santos, Carlos Alexandre Carollo, and Edgar J. Paredes-Gamero are recipients of fellowships from Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq), Brazil.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The human endosalpinx : anatomical three-dimensional study and reconstruction using confocal microtomography

Purpose: To evaluate in three dimensions (3D) the human endosalpinx and reconstruct its surface along its different anatomical segments, without the injection or insertion of luminal contrasts, using confocal microtomography (micro-CT). Material and methods: 15 fallopian tubes (FT) from 14 women in reproductive age from procedures for benign disease or sterilization were selected. The specimens were fixed in formalin and stained with Lugol solution. Micro-CT studies were conducted on the specimens using protocols adapted from biological studies, to acquire images to reconstruct in 3D the endosalpinx surface. Results: From these specimens, 6 presented the intra-mural segment, 14 presented the isthmus and 15 presented the ampulla and fimbria segment of the FT. The specimen presented tissue definition, and contrast sufficient for FT endosalpinx morphological analysis and lumen definition. The intramural portion presented initially a mucosal projection toward the lumen, bending on its own axis, and increased numbers of projections towards the isthmic portion, where the projections become longer more numerous. The endosalpinx becomes more tortuous, the lumen diameter increases and the mucosal projections become more bulky in the ampullary portion, with the projections less present on the antimesenteric side. The infundibular portion is marked with the organized and predictable endosalpinx, the abdominal ostium is cleared demonstrated, with the reduction of the endosalpinx volume. The fimbria demonstrated a small relation between fringes and intratubal endosalpinx. Conclusions: Microscopic anatomy of different segments of the human FT mucosa can be analyzed and reconstructed in 3D with histological correlation using micro-CT

Acidente vascular encefálico em paciente com origem anômala da artéria coronária esquerda a partir da artéria pulmonar: um relato de caso/ Stroke in a patient with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery: a case report

A origem anômala da artéria coronária esquerda a partir da artéria pulmonar, também conhecida como síndrome de ALCAPA (anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery) ou como síndrome de Bland-White-Garland, consiste em uma alteração cardíaca rara. Pelo fato de provocar isquemia miocárdica, essa síndrome pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de uma cardiomiopatia isquêmica, com insuficiência cardíaca congestiva ainda nos primeiros meses de vida. Nessa patologia, a artéria coronária com origem anormal apresenta menor pressão de perfusão miocárdica e sangue com menor concentração de oxigênio por se originar diretamente da artéria pulmonar, podendo levar a um quadro clínico de disfunção miocárdica e óbito neonatal. Diante desse contexto, este artigo objetivou relatar o caso de um paciente que recebeu o diagnóstico de origem anômala da artéria coronária esquerda a partir da artéria pulmonar e desenvolveu complicações com graves repercussões clínicas

DESAFIOS ANESTÉSICOS EM CIRURGIA PLÁSTICA: DO PLANEJAMENTO À RECUPERAÇÃO PÓS-OPERATÓRIA

Plastic surgery is a medical specialty that aims to improve the appearance and function of certain parts of the body, contributing to improving patients' quality of life and self-esteem. However, surgical procedures in this area present specific anesthetic challenges that require a careful and individualized approach, from planning to postoperative recovery. In this context, it is essential to understand and face these challenges effectively, ensuring patient safety and comfort throughout the entire surgical process. Objective: To analyze the anesthetic challenges faced in plastic surgeries, from planning to postoperative recovery. Methodology: The Pubmed, Scielo and Medline databases were used, with articles published between the years 2020 and 2024, available in English or Portuguese. Final Considerations: The use of updated protocols, continuous monitoring and adaptation to the specific needs of each clinical case are pillars for the success of plastic surgical procedures. By overcoming anesthetic challenges with a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach, it is possible to provide patients with satisfactory results, minimizing risks and maximizing the quality of medical care.A cirurgia plástica é uma especialidade médica que visa melhorar a aparência e a função de determinadas partes do corpo, contribuindo para a melhoria da qualidade de vida e autoestima dos pacientes. No entanto, os procedimentos cirúrgicos nessa área apresentam desafios anestésicos específicos que requerem uma abordagem cuidadosa e individualizada, desde o planejamento até a recuperação pós-operatória. Nesse contexto, é essencial compreender e enfrentar esses desafios de forma eficaz, garantindo a segurança e o conforto dos pacientes ao longo de todo o processo cirúrgico. Objetivo: Analisar os desafios anestésicos enfrentados em cirurgias plásticas, desde o planejamento até a recuperação pós-operatória. Metodologia:  Foram utilizadas as bases de dados Pubmed, Scielo e Medline, com artigos publicados entre os anos 2020 e 2024, disponíveis em inglês ou português. Considerações Finais: A utilização de protocolos atualizados, o monitoramento contínuo e a adaptação às necessidades específicas de cada caso clínico são pilares para o sucesso dos procedimentos cirúrgicos plásticos. Ao superar os desafios anestésicos com uma abordagem abrangente e interdisciplinar, é possível proporcionar aos pacientes resultados satisfatórios, minimizando os riscos e maximizando a qualidade da assistência médica

Nutrition, mental health and violence: from pregnancy to postpartum Cohort of women attending primary care units in Southern Brazil - ECCAGE study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Woman's nutritional status, before and during pregnancy, is a strong determinant of health outcomes in the mother and newborn. Gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention increases risk of overweight or obesity in the future and they depend on the pregestational nutritional status and on food consumption and eating behavior during pregnancy. Eating behavior during pregnancy may be the cause or consequence of mood changes during pregnancy, especially depression, which increases likelihood of postpartum depression. In Brazil, a study carried out in the immediate postpartum period found that one in three women experienced some type of violence during pregnancy. Violence and depression are strongly associated and both exposures during pregnancy are associated with increased maternal stress and subsequent harm to the infant. The main objectives of this study are: to identify food intake and eating behaviors patterns; to estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders and the experience of violence during and after pregnancy; and to estimate the association between these exposures and infant's health and development.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>This is a cohort study of 780 pregnant women receiving care in 18 primary care units in two cities in Southern Brazil. Pregnant women were first evaluated between the 16^thand 36^thweek of pregnancy at a prenatal visit. Follow-up included immediate postpartum assessment and around the fifth month postpartum. Information was obtained on sociodemographic characteristics, living circumstances, food intake, eating behaviors, mental health and exposure to violence, and on infant's development and anthropometrics measurements.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>This project will bring relevant information for a better understanding of the relationship between exposures during pregnancy and how they might affect child development, which can be useful for a better planning of health actions aiming to enhance available resources in primary health care.</p

Presbyopia:Effectiveness of correction strategies

Presbyopia is a global problem affecting over a billion people worldwide. The prevalence of unmanaged presbyopia is as high as 50% of those over 50 years of age in developing world populations due to a lack of awareness and accessibility to affordable treatment, and is even as high as 34% in developed countries. Definitions of presbyopia are inconsistent and varied, so we propose a redefinition that states “presbyopia occurs when the physiologically normal age-related reduction in the eye's focusing range reaches a point, when optimally corrected for distance vision, that the clarity of vision at near is insufficient to satisfy an individual's requirements”. Presbyopia is inevitable if one lives long enough, but intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors including cigarette smoking, pregnancy history, hyperopic or astigmatic refractive error, ultraviolet radiation, female sex (although accommodation is similar to males), hotter climates and some medical conditions such as diabetes can accelerate the onset of presbyopic symptoms. Whilst clinicians can ameliorate the symptoms of presbyopia with near vision spectacle correction, bifocal and progressive spectacle lenses, monovision, translating or multifocal contact lenses, monovision, extended depth of focus, multifocal (refractive, diffractive and asymmetric designs) or ‘accommodating’ intraocular lenses, corneal inlays, scleral expansion, laser refractive surgery (corneal monovision, corneal shrinkage, corneal multifocal profiles and lenticular softening), pharmacologic agents, and electro-stimulation of the ciliary muscle, none fully overcome presbyopia in all patients. While the restoration of natural accommodation or an equivalent remains elusive, guidance is gives on presbyopic correction evaluation techniques

Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks