11 research outputs found
Phenotypic and genotypic detection of extended spectrum \u3b2-lactamases among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from type 2 diabetic patients with urinary tract infections
Background: T2DM patients are more likely to have UTIs caused by
resistant organisms such as ESBLs producing bacteria. Challenging
reliable identification and prompt characterization of in-vitro
susceptibilities of these bacteria are the first steps of deciding the
appropriate antimicrobial therapy for UTIs caused by them. Objectives:
To isolate and identify E. coli and K. pneumoniae from urine of T2DM
patients with UTIs, to determine antibiotic resistance pattern among
isolates, and to identify ESBLs production phenotypically and
genotypically. Material and method: All samples were cultured on
Cystine-Lactose-Electrolyte-Deficient Agar medium (CLED) by using
calibrated loop. Growth of 100 colonies or more, i.e. 105 colony
forming units (CFU)/mL urine was considered as significant bacteriuria.
Isolation and identification were done according to standard method.
All isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility testing by the
disc diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines. Phenotypic
detection of ESBLs was done by double-disk synergy test. Genotypic
detection of blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M genes by using PCR. Results:
Results of this study showed that E. coli and K. pneumoniae were the
dominant bacterial isolates, they constituted 103 (91.2%) out of 113
urine isolates. E. coli (58. 4%) K. pneumoniae (32.7%), Enterococcus
spp. (4.4%), Proteus spp. (2.7%) and Pseudomonas spp. (1.8%). About 25
(24.3%) out of 103 E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were ESBLs
positive by DDST, and 22 (88.0%) out of them had ESBLs encoding genes
by conventional PCR. The most common gene detected was blaTEM (59.1%),
followed by blaSHV (27.3%). CTX-M had not been detected in any of
testes isolates. Conclusion: blaTEM and blaSHV genes were detected in
22 out of 25 ESBLs producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates
phenotypically detected by DDST. blaTEM was found to be the predominant
gene (59.1%), while blaCTX-Mene was not detected in any of tested
isolates
African Linguistics in Central and Eastern Europe, and in the Nordic Countries
Non peer reviewe
“Virtual Reality and Phoenix Contact PLCs: An Hybrid Model for Teaching Automation
International audienc
“Virtual Reality and Phoenix Contact PLCs: An Hybrid Model for Teaching Automation
International audienc
Réalité virtuelle et automates programmables industriels (API) : un modèle hybride pour l’enseignement de l’informatique industrielle
International audienc
Jumeaux numériques et automates programmables industriels : un modèle hybride pour l’enseignement de l’informatique industrielle
International audienc
Origin of nitrate and sulfate sources in volcano-sedimentary aquifers of the East Africa Rift System: An example of the Ali-Sabieh groundwater (Republic of Djibouti)
Within the East African Rift System (EARS), the complex Ali-Sabieh aquifers system, located in the south of the Republic of Djibouti, was overexploited and subjected to anthropogenic and/or geogenic pollution with high concentrations of dissolved nitrate (up to 181 mg/l) and sulfates (up to 1540 mg/l). This study is the first undertaken on the hydrochemistry of this aquifer system, combining geochemical tools and multi-isotope - δ2H(H2O), δ18O(H2O), δ18O(SO4), δ34S(SO4), δ15N(NO3), δ18O(NO3), δ13C(DIC), and 14C- was used to decipher the origin and fate of different nitrate and sulfate sources to groundwater. The groundwater samples of the region show a chemical evolution from fresh Ca(Na)-bicarbonate to brackish Na-Cl , mainly due to water-rock interaction. The combined chloride and water isotope data show that evaporation and transpiration are present, with the latter occurring primarily in the shallow alluvial aquifer waters. Inspection of δ15N(NO3) vs. δ18O(NO3) and NO3/Cl vs. Cl diagrams show that dissolved nitrates are primarily of anthropogenic origin. In particular, higher nitrate concentrations may be related to animal manure used as organic fertilizers during agricultural activities. Sulfates are from a natural origin related to the interaction of water with gypsum of hydrothermal or sedimentary origin. SO4/Cl ratio and isotopic composition show that dissolved sulfates in saline and ancient groundwater of the Cretaceous sandstone aquifer (between 7.4 ± 2.2 and 5.8 ± 1.4 k-years before the present) are generated by interaction with gypsum from oxidation of pre-existing (Jurassic?) sulfides. This work highlight that isotopic ratios of the two molecules -δ18O(SO4), δ34S(SO4), δ15N(NO3), δ18O(NO3)- are not sufficient for tracing the origin of nitrate and sulfates in groundwater, but that a complete hydrogeochemical study is needed. In the absence of this, the relatively high concentration of chloride and sulfates could be wrongly linked to the anthropogenic source of nitrate (manure or sewage)