3,308 research outputs found
(In)Visible Hand(s)
In this paper, the author discusses the regulatory role of the state and legal norms, in market economy, especially in so-called transition countries. Legal policy, and other questions of the state and free market economy are here closely connected, because the state must ensure with legal norms that economic processes are not interrupted: only the state can establish the legal basis for a market economy. The free market’s invisible hand is acting in questions such as: what is to be produced, how much is to be produced, for whom it is to be produced, how it is to be produced. During the transition period but also in the establishnig EU, the role of legal norms is much more important then it (is) would be expected: problems of transition are more connected with ethics and psychology, then with legislation.Law and economics, legal norms, (de)regulation, State
Killing spinor-valued forms and the cone construction
On a pseudo-Riemannian manifold we introduce a system of
partial differential Killing type equations for spinor-valued differential
forms, and study their basic properties. We discuss the relationship between
solutions of Killing equations on and parallel fields on the
metric cone over for spinor-valued forms
Macroservers: An Execution Model for DRAM Processor-In-Memory Arrays
The emergence of semiconductor fabrication technology allowing a tight coupling between high-density DRAM and CMOS logic on the same chip has led to the important new class of Processor-In-Memory (PIM) architectures. Newer developments provide powerful parallel processing capabilities on the chip, exploiting the facility to load wide words in single memory accesses and supporting complex address manipulations in the memory. Furthermore, large arrays of PIMs can be arranged into a massively parallel architecture. In this report, we describe an object-based programming model based on the notion of a macroserver. Macroservers encapsulate a set of variables and methods; threads, spawned by the activation of methods, operate asynchronously on the variables' state space. Data distributions provide a mechanism for mapping large data structures across the memory region of a macroserver, while work distributions allow explicit control of bindings between threads and data. Both data and work distributuions are first-class objects of the model, supporting the dynamic management of data and threads in memory. This offers the flexibility required for fully exploiting the processing power and memory bandwidth of a PIM array, in particular for irregular and adaptive applications. Thread synchronization is based on atomic methods, condition variables, and futures. A special type of lightweight macroserver allows the formulation of flexible scheduling strategies for the access to resources, using a monitor-like mechanism
A new method for the spectroscopic identification of stellar non-radial pulsation modes. I. The method and numerical tests
We present the Fourier parameter fit method, a new method for
spectroscopically identifying stellar radial and non-radial pulsation modes
based on the high-resolution time-series spectroscopy of absorption-line
profiles. In contrast to previous methods this one permits a quantification of
the statistical significance of the computed solutions. The application of
genetic algorithms in seeking solutions makes it possible to search through a
large parameter space. The mode identification is carried out by minimizing
chi-square, using the observed amplitude and phase across the line profile and
their modeled counterparts. Computations of the theoretical line profiles are
based on a stellar displacement field, which is described as superposition of
spherical harmonics and that includes the first order effects of the Coriolis
force. We made numerical tests of the method on a grid of different mono- and
multi-mode models for 0 <= l <= 4 in order to explore its capabilities and
limitations. Our results show that whereas the azimuthal order m can be
unambiguously identified for low-order modes, the error of l is in the range of
pm 1. The value of m can be determined with higher precision than with other
spectroscopic mode identification methods. Improved values for the inclination
can be obtained from the analysis of non-axisymmetric pulsation modes. The new
method is ideally suited to intermediatley rotating Delta Scuti and Beta Cephei
stars.Comment: 12 pages, 14 figure
D=10 super-D9-brane
Superfield equations of motion for D=10 type IIB Dirichlet super-9-brane are
obtained from the generalized action principle. The geometric equations
containing fermionic superembedding equations and constraints on the
generalized field strength of Abelian gauge field are separated from the proper
dynamical equations and are found to contain these dynamical equations among
their consequences. The set of superfield equations thus obtained involves a
Spin(1,9) group valued superfield h_\a^{~\b} whose leading component appears
in the recently obtained simplified expression for the kappa-symmetry projector
of the D9-brane. The Cayley image of this superfield coincides (on the mass
shell) with the field strength tensor of the world volume gauge field
characteristic for the Dirichlet brane. The superfield description of the
super-9-brane obtained in this manner is known to be, on the one hand, the
nonlinear (Born-Infeld) generalization of supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and,
on the other hand, the theory of partial spontaneous breaking of D=10, N=IIB
supersymmetry down to D=10, N=1.Comment: 34 pages, LATEX. Minor corrections. References adde
THE SPECIFIC MARKET RESEARCH METHODOLOGY USED AT GENERAL MOTOR'S EUROPE
As difficult as segmenting consumer markets is, it is much simpler and easier than segmenting industrial markets. Often the same industrial products have multiple applications; likewise, several different products can be used in the same application. Customer differ greatly, and it is hard to discern which differences are important and which are trivial for developing a marketing strategy. Making the research at General Motor’s Europe I realized that the most industrial marketers use segmentation as a way to explain results rather than as a way to plan. In fact, industrial segmentation can assist companies in several areas like: analysis of the market, selection of key markets and management and marketing. In this study I tried to make a better understanding of the total marketplace, including how and why customers buy and to develop strategies, plans and programs to profitability meet the needs of different market segments and to give the company a distinct competitive advantage. The Marketing Plan is based on an Information System which can be interpretaded in two different ways. In this case its singular form focusing on both formal and informal information system is appropriate. The investigation explains the environment of the European Business Team . The techniques used were: system maps, observations, interviews, questionnaires and company documents. The initial stage of exploring the situation starts usually with a dialog between the potential client - in this particular case the European Business Team – and the analyst. The vague impression is then given that not everything is running as it should be by the client. This was, however, not completely true in my case, as I had to go looking for problems. Preliminary investigations into product communication did show a feeling of unease between the departments. Having expressed the current situation of the European Business Team , I then chose three areas to study further. I had to confirm my choice to be able to grasp the complexity of the working environmentMarketing plan, market requests
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