5,172 research outputs found
Maternal Abusers: Underlying concerns for children
Child sexual abuse is an emotive topic, which raises public fears and political concerns. Commonly the perpetrators of such abuse are male and their victims female, but evidence suggests that there are a significant number of female perpetrators as well. It is the perceived gendered nature of the crime that creates a stumbling block to the recognition of women who sexually abuse and can silence the child victims. Using data from a wider research project, this paper examines the ways in which female perpetrators rationalise their behaviours and in doing so considers what part these justifications play in silencing the child victims
Management Awareness and Strategies for the Contemporary African Manager of Organizations
This paper addresses a topical issue: management awareness and strategies for the contemporary African manager. The overall aim of the work is to provide a framework for improved management practices for the manager and the intervener in both private and public sectors. This frame-work is not limited to the African manager but has a wider application for other managers of organizations. In pursuant of this objective, relevant key management concepts are explored and discussed bearing in mind that the subject of management is a dynamic and universal phenomenon. Emphasis is placed on the features of the endowed person and the potentials of the human being as the manager and as the most effective contributor to organizational life.The identified concepts and their properties are interwoven. Other highlights are: (i) the universality in the applications or practices of management; (ii) the peculiarity in the applications and practices of management in different environments or social settings; (iii) management practices, problems and prospects in the African settings (See Table I). Cases cited and examples drawn are meant inter alia to strengthen the objectives of the study
A computerâaided continuous assessment system
A highâquality assessment system should have the following attributes: rapid feedback to the students, appropriate and detailed feedback, and an effective grading system which provides an accurate overall grade as well as information which identifies the student's weak areas. As stafflstudent ratios worsen, providing such a system will become more difficult and consequently computer assistance in this task is becoming more attractive. This paper describes a ComputerâAided Assessment (CAA) system based on a modified version of the multipleâchoice questionnaire. The CAA has been designed to be used in continuous assessment, with features that discourage plagiarism and provide appropriate feedback Over a hundred students were tested using this CAA and the results were compared with a more traditional assessment system. In addition, questionnaires were used to assess the student's reaction to the CAA. The results were highly satisfactory, and a more advanced version of the original software is under consideration
StokesâEinsteinâDebye failure in molecular orientational diffusion: exception or rule?
The StokesâEinsteinâDebye (SED) expression is used routinely to relate orientational molecular diffusivity quantitatively to viscosity. However, it is well-known that Einsteinâs equations are derived from hydrodynamic theory for the diffusion of a Brownian particle in a homogeneous fluid and examples of SED breakdown and failure for molecular diffusion are not unusual. Here, using optical Kerr-effect spectroscopy to measure orientational diffusion for solutions of guanidine hydrochloride in water and mixtures of carbon disulfide with hexadecane, we show that these two contrasting systems each show pronounced exception to the SED relation and ask if it is reasonable to expect molecular diffusion to be a simple function of viscosity
Microstates at the boundary of AdS
The bound states of the D1D5 brane system have a known gravitational
description: flat asymptotics, an anti-de Sitter region, and a 'cap' ending the
AdS region. We construct perturbations that correspond to the action of chiral
algebra generators on Ramond ground states of D1D5 branes. Abstract arguments
in the literature suggest that the perturbation should be pure gauge in the AdS
region; our perturbation indeed has this structure, with the nontrivial
deformation of the geometry occurring at the 'neck' between the AdS region and
asymptotic infinity. This 'non-gauge' deformation is needed to provide the
nonzero energy and momentum carried by the perturbation. We also suggest
implications this structure may have for the majority of microstates which live
at the cap.Comment: 41 pages, 6 figures, v2: cross-check of results added, to appear in
JHE
Momentum-carrying waves on D1-D5 microstate geometries
If one attempts to add momentum-carrying waves to a black string then the
solution develops a singularity at the horizon; this is a manifestation of the
'no hair theorem' for black objects. However individual microstates of a black
string do not have a horizon, and so the above theorem does not apply. We
construct a perturbation that adds momentum to a family of microstates of the
extremal D1-D5 string. This perturbation is analogous to the 'singleton' mode
localized at the boundary of AdS; to leading order it is pure gauge in the AdS
interior of the geometry.Comment: 24 pages, 4 figure
Oscillating supertubes and neutral rotating black hole microstates
The construction of neutral black hole microstates is an important problem,
with implications for the information paradox. In this paper we conjecture a
construction of non-supersymmetric supergravity solutions describing D-brane
configurations which carry mass and angular momentum, but no other conserved
charges. We first study a classical string solution which locally carries
dipole winding and momentum charges in two compact directions, but globally
carries no net winding or momentum charge. We investigate its backreaction in
the D1-D5 duality frame, where this object becomes a supertube which locally
carries oscillating dipole D1-D5 and NS1-NS5 charges, and again carries no net
charge. In the limit of an infinite straight supertube, we find an exact
supergravity solution describing this object. We conjecture that a similar
construction may be carried out based on a class of two-charge
non-supersymmetric D1-D5 solutions. These results are a step towards
demonstrating how neutral black hole microstates may be constructed in string
theory.Comment: 24 pages, 2 figures, v3: estimate of radiation rate added, references
adde
The flaw in the firewall argument
A lot of confusion surrounds the issue of black hole complementarity, because
the question has been considered without discussing the mechanism which
guarantees unitarity. Considering such a mechanism leads to the following: (1)
The Hawking quanta with energy E of order the black hole temperature T carry
information, and so only appropriate processes involving E>>T quanta can have
any possible complementary description with an information-free horizon; (2)
The stretched horizon describes all possible black hole states with a given
mass M, and it must expand out to a distance s_{bubble} before it can accept
additional infalling bits; (3) The Hawking radiation has a specific low
temperature T, and infalling quanta interact significantly with it only within
a distance s_{alpha} of the horizon. One finds s_{alpha} << s_{bubble} for
E>>T, and this removes the argument against complementarity recently made by
Almheiri et al. In particular, the condition E>>T leads to the notion of
'fuzzball complementarity', where the modes around the horizon are indeed
correctly entangled in the complementary picture to give the vacuum.Comment: 52 pages, 13 figures, v3: comments on Rindler space added, references
adde
Holographic description of non-supersymmetric orbifolded D1-D5-P solutions
Non-supersymmetric black hole microstates are of great interest in the
context of the black hole information paradox. We identify the holographic
description of the general class of non-supersymmetric orbifolded D1-D5-P
supergravity solutions found by Jejjala, Madden, Ross and Titchener. This class
includes both completely smooth solutions and solutions with conical defects,
and in the near-decoupling limit these solutions describe degrees of freedom in
the cap region. The CFT description involves a general class of states obtained
by fractional spectral flow in both left-moving and right-moving sectors,
generalizing previous work which studied special cases in this class. We
compute the massless scalar emission spectrum and emission rates in both
gravity and CFT and find perfect agreement, thereby providing strong evidence
for our proposed identification. We also investigate the physics of ergoregion
emission as pair creation for these orbifolded solutions. Our results represent
the largest class of non-supersymmetric black hole microstate geometries with
identified CFT duals presently known.Comment: 35 pages, v2: comments added, typos corrected, reference adde
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