4,505 research outputs found
Knowledge exchange and the third mission of universities : Introduction: the triple helix and the third mission – Schumpeter revisited
Joseph Schumpeter (1883–1950) is well known as an economist, among other things, for his seminal contribution explaining long-term economic growth in terms of innovation and technological progress. He identified innovation at the heart of upswings in the so-called ‘Kondratiev waves’ that profile socioeconomic development trends over long periods. He saw innovation as a dynamic process of ‘creative destruction’ in which new orders arise with the obliteration of the old. This process he attributed to the entrepreneur – the innovator who, in the Schumpeterian paradigm, would in effect count as a history maker. For all its significance as a landmark in the literature of innovation and economic development, Schumpeter’s contribution falls short of providing a theory of innovation. However, he has left behind a long-standing tradition of innovation studies to grapple with this shortfall. The quest continues in the form of innovation systems and evolutionary theory, in which the Triple Helix features as a strand
Willingness to pay for livestock market services in Ethiopia
Poster prepared for a share fair, Addis Ababa, May 201
Smart marketing of small ruminants in Ethiopia
Poster prepared for a share fair, Addis Ababa, May 201
The Triple Helix Perspective of Innovation Systems
Alongside the neo-institutional model of networked relations among
universities, industries, and governments, the Triple Helix can be provided
with a neo-evolutionary interpretation as three selection environments
operating upon one another: markets, organizations, and technological
opportunities. How are technological innovation systems different from national
ones? The three selection environments fulfill social functions: wealth
creation, organization control, and organized knowledge production. The main
carriers of this system-industry, government, and academia-provide the
variation both recursively and by interacting among them under the pressure of
competition. Empirical case studies enable us to understand how these
evolutionary mechanisms can be expected to operate in historical instance. The
model is needed for distinguishing, for example, between trajectories and
regimes
Cosmology on Compact and Stable Supergravity Background
We propose a cosmological model of D3-brane universe on compact and stable
supergravity background of wrapped D7-branes in type IIB string theory
previously argued to be dual to pure N=1 SU(N) gauge theory in four dimensions.
A model universe of order Planck size near the UV boundary dynamically flows
toward the IR with constant total energy density and accelerating expansion
followed by smooth transition to decelerating expansion and collides with the
wrapped D7-branes at the IR boundary. The model addresses the horizon and
flatness problems with most of the expansion produced during the decelerating
expansion phase. The inflationary scenario is used to generate sources of
inhomogeneities in the cosmic microwave background radiation and seeds for
large scale structure formation from quantum fluctuations which exit the Hubble
radius early during the accelerating expansion phase and the model addresses
the inhomogeneity problem with red tilt in the power spectrum. We propose that
the kinetic energy of the model universe is converted to matter and radiation
by the collision followed by formation of baryons that stabilizes the model
universe against gravitational force from the background at a finite distance
from the IR boundary with the wrapped D7-branes serving as sources of color.
Friedmann evolution then takes over with a positive cosmological constant term
coming from the remaining potential energy density which is interpreted as dark
energy. The magnitude of dark energy density is smaller than the total energy
density during the flow by a ratio of the scale factor when the model universe
appears in the UV to the scale factor at the moment of collision and stays
constant while the matter-radiation density falls during Friedmann expansion.Comment: 30 page
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