46 research outputs found

    An algebraic multigrid method for high order time-discretizations of the div-grad and the curl-curl equations

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    We present an algebraic multigrid algorithm for fully coupled implicit Runge-Kutta and Boundary Value Method time-discretizations of the div-grad and curl-curl equations. The algorithm uses a blocksmoother and a multigrid hierarchy derived from the hierarchy built by any algebraic multigrid algorithm for the stationary version of the problem. By a theoretical analysis and numerical experiments, we show that the convergence is similar to or better than the convergence of the scalar algebraic multigrid algorithm on which it is based. The algorithm benefits from several possibilities for implementation optimization. This results in a computational complexity which, for a modest number of stages, scales almost linearly as a function of the number of variables. © 2008 IMACS

    B Cell Adaptor Containing Src Homology 2 Domain (Bash) Links B Cell Receptor Signaling to the Activation of Hematopoietic Progenitor Kinase 1

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    The B cell adaptor containing src homology 2 domain (BASH; also termed BLNK or SLP-65), is crucial for B cell antigen receptor (BCR)-mediated activation, proliferation, and differentiation of B cells. BCR-mediated tyrosine-phosphorylation of BASH creates binding sites for signaling effectors such as phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ)2 and Vav, while the function of its COOH-terminal src homology 2 domain is unknown. We have now identified hematopoietic progenitor kinase (HPK)1, a STE20-related serine/threonine kinase, as a protein that inducibly interacts with the BASH SH2 domain. BCR ligation induced rapid tyrosine-phosphorylation of HPK1 mainly by Syk and Lyn, resulting in its association with BASH and catalytic activation. BCR-mediated activation of HPK1 was impaired in Syk- or BASH-deficient B cells. The functional SH2 domain of BASH and Tyr-379 within HPK1 which we identified as a Syk-phosphorylation site were both necessary for interaction of both proteins and efficient HPK1 activation after BCR stimulation. Furthermore, HPK1 augmented, whereas its kinase-dead mutant inhibited IκB kinase β (IKKβ) activation by BCR engagement. These results reveal a novel BCR signaling pathway leading to the activation of HPK1 and subsequently IKKβ, in which BASH recruits tyrosine-phosphorylated HPK1 into the BCR signaling complex

    The Physics of the B Factories

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    This work is on the Physics of the B Factories. Part A of this book contains a brief description of the SLAC and KEK B Factories as well as their detectors, BaBar and Belle, and data taking related issues. Part B discusses tools and methods used by the experiments in order to obtain results. The results themselves can be found in Part C

    The Physics of the B Factories

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