EL BAÑO DEL MINISTRO Y EL EMBAJADOR: FRAGA Y DUKE EN PALOMARES, 1966

This essayʼs thesis concerns the transformation of Franco’s regime from the beginnings of the 1960ʼs towards a form of governmentality premised on contemporary biopolitics. This transformation finds its most precise articulation in the emerging importance of the Ministry of Information and Tourism under Manuel Fraga Iribarne, and its partial substitution and relegation of the General Secretary of the Movement. The Palomares episode is crucial to understand the biopolitical function of the new ministry. This essays pays suitable attention to one of its protagonists, US Ambassador Duke.La tesis de este artículo concierne a la transformación que el régimen de Franco experimentó al inicio de los años 60 y que le permitió pasar de la forma dictatorial clásica de los regímenes autoritarios a una nueva forma de gobernación perfectamente adaptada al presente y que incorporaba ya los instrumentos de la biopolítica contemporánea. Esta transformación tiene su síntoma más preciso en la importancia que obtuvo el ministerio de Información y Turismo, regentado por Fraga Iribarne, que relegó a una reliquia del pasado a la Secretaria General del Movimiento. Decisivo para entender la función biopolítica del nuevo ministerio es el episodio de Palomares, protagonizado por el embajador Duke, al que este trabajo dedica la oportuna atención

EL BAÑO DEL MINISTRO Y EL EMBAJADOR: FRAGA Y DUKE EN PALOMARES, 1966

This essayʼs thesis concerns the transformation of Franco’s regime from the beginnings of the 1960ʼs towards a form of governmentality premised on contemporary biopolitics. This transformation finds its most precise articulation in the emerging importance of the Ministry of Information and Tourism under Manuel Fraga Iribarne, and its partial substitution and relegation of the General Secretary of the Movement. The Palomares episode is crucial to understand the biopolitical function of the new ministry. This essays pays suitable attention to one of its protagonists, US Ambassador Duke.La tesis de este artículo concierne a la transformación que el régimen de Franco experimentó al inicio de los años 60 y que le permitió pasar de la forma dictatorial clásica de los regímenes autoritarios a una nueva forma de gobernación perfectamente adaptada al presente y que incorporaba ya los instrumentos de la biopolítica contemporánea. Esta transformación tiene su síntoma más preciso en la importancia que obtuvo el ministerio de Información y Turismo, regentado por Fraga Iribarne, que relegó a una reliquia del pasado a la Secretaria General del Movimiento. Decisivo para entender la función biopolítica del nuevo ministerio es el episodio de Palomares, protagonizado por el embajador Duke, al que este trabajo dedica la oportuna atención

El baño del ministro y el embajador: Fraga y Duke en Palomares, 1966

La tesis de este artículo concierne a la transformación que el régimen de Franco experimentó al inicio de los años 60 y que le permitió pasar de la forma dictatorial clásica de los regímenes autoritarios a una nueva forma de gobernación perfectamente adaptada al presente y que incorporaba ya los instrumentos de la biopolítica contemporánea. Esta transformación tiene su síntoma más preciso en la importancia que obtuvo el ministerio de Información y Turismo, regentado por Fraga Iribarne, que relegó a una reliquia del pasado a la Secretaria General del Movimiento. Decisivo para entender la función biopolítica del nuevo ministerio es el episodio de Palomares, protagonizado por el embajador Duke, al que este trabajo dedica la oportuna atención

Chemical cues and genetic divergence in insects on plants: conceptual cross pollination between mutualistic and antagonistic systems

Cascading or reciprocal genetic diversification of herbivores, parasitoids, and pollinators can track chemotypic variation in host resources, and can lead to non-overlapping communities. Because plants simultaneously interact with both pollinators and herbivores, models investigating the genetic divergence of antagonistic herbivores and mutualistic pollinators should be merged in order to study how both processes interact using a common conceptual and methodological approach. We expect insects to mediate divergence in many systems, with outcomes depending on the level of pollinator or herbivore specialisation, and the relative selective pressures they impose. Applying approaches widely used to study insect pollinators, for example genomic tools and integration of behavioural, genetic and chemical data, to both pollinators and herbivores in the same system will facilitate our understanding of patterns of genetic divergence across multiple interacting species

Contrasting patterns of fig wasp communities along Mt. Wilhelm, Papua New Guinea

The fig (Moraceae) and pollinating fig wasp (Agaonidae) mutualism is best known as a model system for the study of coevolution in plant–pollinator interactions and its central role in shaping vertebrate communities in tropical forests. Figs also host myriad antagonistic parasitic fig wasps which impose costs on both partners threatening mutualism stability. Spatiotemporal variation in parasitic wasp abundance is a key factor in mitigating these effects. Because fig wasps are temperature sensitive and likely vary in their ability to traverse environmental gradients, we expect community assemblages and abundance of both pollinating and non‐pollinating fig wasps to respond to changes along an elevational gradient. In the present study, we compare the fig wasp communities and abundance of three fig species growing along the slopes of the Mount Wilhelm altitudinal gradient in Papua New Guinea. We quantified wasps from over 100 male fig trees and calculated seed set for 55 female trees along each of the species’ distribution on the transect. Our results show that the abundance of both pollinating and non‐pollinating fig wasps follow a mid‐elevation peak, consistent with fig species richness found in the same transect. The patterns, however, are different according to the host's species distribution. Seed set remained relatively constant along the gradient for all species with some decrease along higher elevations, potentially affecting connectivity along the gradient. As suggested for insects in general, temperature and habitat diversity appear to play a fundamental role in the species richness and abundance of fig wasps

Comparison of traditional and DNA metabarcoding samples for monitoring tropical soil arthropods (Formicidae, Collembola and Isoptera)

The soil fauna of the tropics remains one of the least known components of the biosphere. Long-term monitoring of this fauna is hampered by the lack of taxonomic expertise and funding. These obstacles may potentially be lifted with DNA metabarcoding. To validate this approach, we studied the ants, springtails and termites of 100 paired soil samples from Barro Colorado Island, Panama. The fauna was extracted with Berlese-Tullgren funnels and then either sorted with traditional taxonomy and known, individual DNA barcodes (“traditional samples”) or processed with metabarcoding (“metabarcoding samples”). We detected 49 ant, 37 springtail and 34 termite species with 3.46 million reads of the COI gene, at a mean sequence length of 233 bp. Traditional identification yielded 80, 111 and 15 species of ants, springtails and termites, respectively; 98%, 37% and 100% of these species had a Barcode Index Number (BIN) allowing for direct comparison with metabarcoding. Ants were best surveyed through traditional methods, termites were better detected by metabarcoding, and springtails were equally well detected by both techniques. Species richness was underestimated, and faunal composition was different in metabarcoding samples, mostly because 37% of ant species were not detected. The prevalence of species in metabarcoding samples increased with their abundance in traditional samples, and seasonal shifts in species prevalence and faunal composition were similar between traditional and metabarcoding samples. Probable false positive and negative species records were reasonably low (13–18% of common species). We conclude that metabarcoding of samples extracted with Berlese-Tullgren funnels appear suitable for the long-term monitoring of termites and springtails in tropical rainforests. For ants, metabarcoding schemes should be complemented by additional samples of alates from Malaise or light traps

Post-Franco Theatre

In the multiple realms and layers that comprise the contemporary Spanish theatrical landscape, “crisis” would seem to be the word that most often lingers in the air, as though it were a common mantra, ready to roll off the tongue of so many theatre professionals with such enormous ease, and even enthusiasm, that one is prompted to wonder whether it might indeed be a miracle that the contemporary technological revolution – coupled with perpetual quandaries concerning public and private funding for the arts – had not by now brought an end to the evolution of the oldest of live arts, or, at the very least, an end to drama as we know it

Dramaturgias de la mujer guerrera: la imagen de Juana de Arco a través del teatro

This is a review of the main theatrical incarnation s from Joan of Arc. Her black swan nature and, also her big successes at breaking the proper social rules of a woman, has seduced many writers throughout history. Every play wright has construed her black swan nature in a different way. Shakespeare depicts her as a mean and liar witch, while Schiller impregnate her in the romantic air f rom his time. Shaw and Anouilh were fascinated by of the contrast between the char acter and her contemporaries. Recently, right before the beginning of the XXI cen tury, a new version of Joan arises in the form of an anorexic and lesbian character, w ritten by Carolyn Gage.Revisión de algunas de las principales encarnaciones teatrales de Juana de Arco. Su carácter de cisne negro y, además, consiguiendo gra ndes éxitos al saltarse todas las normas sociales que le correspondían, ha provocado el interés de muchos escritores a lo largo de la historia. Y cada uno de ellos ha int erpretado su naturaleza de "cisne negro" de manera diferente. Shakespeare la tilda de bruja ruin y mentirosa, Schiller la imbuye de un aire romántico propio de la época, mie ntras que Shaw y Anouilh están fascinados por el contraste que provocaba el person aje ante sus contemporáneos. Finalmente, a las puertas del siglo XXI destaca una revisión anoréxica y lésbica del personaje, escrita por Carolyn Gage