106 research outputs found
Maxwell consideration of polaritonic quasi-particle Hamiltonians in multi-level systems
We address the problem of the correct description of light-matter coupling for excitons and cavity
photons in the case of systems with multiple photon modes or excitons, respectively. In the literature,
two different approaches for the phenomenological coupling Hamiltonian can be found:
Either one single Hamiltonian with a basis whose dimension equals the sum of photonic modes and
excitonic resonances is used. Or a set of independent Hamiltonians, one for each photon mode, is
chosen. Both are usually used equivalently for the same kind of multi-photonic systems which cannot
be correct. However, identifying the suitable Hamiltonian is difficult when modeling experimental
data. By means of numerical transfer matrix calculations, we demonstrate the scope of
application of each approach: The first one holds only for the coupling of a single photon state to
several excitons, while in the case of multiple photon modes, separate Hamiltonians must be used
for each photon mode
Temperature dependent second-order Raman scattering in CuI
We report second-order Raman scattering spectra of copper iodide bulk single
crystals aside from the fundamental TO and LO mode. The spectral shape was
reproduced by a 2-phonon density of states calculated by DFT. Characteristic
multi-phonon features were identified and assigned to combination, overtone and
difference modes. In this way, the energy of acoustic zone-boundary phonons was
determined. The temperature dependence of those modes and the fundamental
optical phonons was analyzed by means of phonon-phonon interactions and lattice
expansion effects up to room temperature. Processes related to the mode energy
shift and width were identified for phonons at high symmetry points. The shifts
due to lattice expansion are in accordance with the predictions by DFT in
quasi-harmonic approximation using PBEsol functional.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables. Submitted to Phys. Rev.
Actinobaculum schaalii, a Common Uropathogen in Elderly Patients, Denmark
This organism is identified more often by PCR than by cultivation
Inter-rater reliability of the extended Composite Quality Score (CQS-2)
AimTo establish the inter-rater reliability of the Composite Quality Score (CQS-2) and to test the null hypothesis that it did not differ significantly from that of the first CQS version (CQS-1).Materials and methodsFour independent raters were selected to rate 45 clinical trial reports using CQS-1 and CQS-2. The raters remained unaware of each other’s participation in this study until all rating had been completed. Each rater received only one rating template at a time in a random sequence for CQS-1 and CQS-2 rating. Raters completed each template and sent these back to the principal investigator. Each rater received their next template 2 weeks after submission of the completed previous template. The inter-rater reliabilities for the overall appraisal score of the CQS-1 and the CQS-2 were established by using the Brennan-Prediger coefficient (BPC). The coefficients of both CQS versions were compared by using the two-sample z-test. During secondary analysis, the BPCs for every criterion and each corroboration level for both CQS versions were established.ResultsThe BPC for the CQS-1 was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.64–1.00) and for the CQS-2 it was 1.00 (95% CI: 0.94–1.00), suggesting a very high inter-rater reliability for both. The difference between the two CQS versions was statistically not significant (p = 0.17). The null hypothesis was accepted.ConclusionThe CQS-2 is still under development, This study shows that it is associated with a very high inter-rater reliability, which did not statistically significantly differ from that of the CQS-1. The promising results of this study warrant further investigation in the applicability of the CQS-2 as an appraisal tool for prospective controlled clinical therapy trials
Investigation of the deposition and emission of mercury in arctic snow during an atmospheric mercury depletion event
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/94701/1/jgrd14741.pd
Demystifying the coronal line region of active galactic nuclei: spatially resolved spectroscopy with HST
We present an analysis of STIS/HST optical spectra of a sample of ten Seyfert
galaxies aimed at studying the structure and physical properties of the
coronal-line region (CLR). The high-spatial resolution provided by STIS allowed
us to resolve the CLR and obtain key information about the kinematics of the
coronal-line gas, measure directly its spatial scale, and study the mechanisms
that drive the high-ionisation lines. We find CLRs extending from just a few
parsecs (~10 pc) up to 230 pc in radius, consistent with the bulk of the
coronal lines (CLs) originating between the BLR and NLR, and extending into the
NLR in the case of [FeVII] and [NeV] lines. The CL profiles strongly vary with
the distance to the nucleus. We observed line splitting in the core of some of
the galaxies. Line peak shifts, both red- and blue-shifts, typically reached
500 km/s, and even higher velocities (1000 km/s) in some of the galaxies. In
general, CLs follow the same pattern of rotation curves as low-ionisation lines
like [OIII]. From a direct comparison between the radio and the CL emission we
find that neither the strength nor the kinematics of the CLs scale in any
obvious and strong way with the radio jets. Moreover, the similarity of the
flux distributions and kinematics of the CLs and low-ionisation lines, the low
temperatures derived for the gas, and the success of photoionisation models to
reproduce, within a factor of few, the observed line ratios, point towards
photoionisation as the main driving mechanism of CLs.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 27 pages, 21 figures, 4 table
NGC6240: Merger-Induced Star Formation & Gas Dynamics
We present spatially resolved integral field spectroscopic K-band data at a
resolution of 0.13" (60pc) and interferometric CO(2-1) line observations of the
prototypical merging system NGC6240. Despite the clear rotational signature,
the stellar kinematics in the two nuclei are dominated by dispersion. We use
Jeans modelling to derive the masses and the mass-to-light ratios of the
nuclei. Combining the luminosities with the spatially resolved Br-gamma
equivalent width shows that only 1/3 of the K-band continuum from the nuclei is
associated with the most recent star forming episode; and that less than 30% of
the system's bolometric luminosity and only 9% of its stellar mass is due to
this starburst. The star formation properties, calculated from typical merger
star formation histories, demonstrate the impact of different assumptions about
the star formation history. The properties of the nuclei, and the existence of
a prominent old stellar population, indicate that the nuclei are remnants of
the progenitor galaxies' bulges.Comment: 18 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in A&
Absorption Properties and Evolution of Active Galactic Nuclei
Intrinsic absorption is a fundamental physical property to understand the
evolution of active galactic nuclei (AGN). Here a sample of 1290 AGN, selected
in the 2-10 keV band from different flux-limited surveys with very high optical
identification completeness is studied. The AGN are grouped into two classes,
unabsorbed (type-1) and absorbed (type-2), depending on their optical
spectroscopic classification and X-ray absorption properties, using hardness
ratios. Utilizing the optical to X-ray flux ratios, a rough correction for the
~8% redshift incompleteness still present in the sample is applied. A strong
decrease of the absorbed fraction with X-ray luminosity is found. This can be
represented by an almost linear decrease from ~80% to ~20% in the luminosity
range log L_X=42-46 and is consistent with similar derivations in the optical
and MIR bands. A significant increase of the absorbed fraction with redshift is
found, which can be described by a power law with a slope ~(1+z)^{0.62+/-0.11},
saturating at a redshift of z~2. A simple power law fit ~(1+z)^{0.48+/-0.08}
over the whole redshift is also marginally consistent with the data. The
variation of the AGN absorption with luminosity and redshift is described with
higher statistical accuracy and smaller systematic errors than previous
results. The findings have important consequences for the broader context of
AGN and galaxy co-evolution. Here it is proposed that the cosmic downsizing in
the AGN population is due to two different feeding mechanisms: a fast process
of merger driven accretion at high luminosities and high redshifts versus a
slow process of gas accretion from gravitational instabilities in galactic
disks rebuilding around pre-formed bulges and black holes.Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures, A&A (in press
Practical access to planar chiral 1,2-(α-Ketotetramethylene)- ferrocene by non-enzymatic kinetic resolution and conclusive confirmation of its absolute configuration
The asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) of racemic 1,2-(α-ketotetramethylene)ferrocene using the [N-(tosyl)-1,2-diphenylethylendiamine]ruthenium(II) complex [TsDPEN-Ru(II)] as catalyst takes place with a high level of kinetic resolution to deliver the ketone in up to 99% ee. The X-ray crystallographic structure of a derivative of the alcohol co-product serves to confirm conclusively both the absolute configuration of 1,2-(α-ketotetramethylene)ferrocene and the endo-reduction selectivity
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