ÜBU : diseño para niños en crecimiento

Diseño de sistemas de transporte y cuidado inspirado en la naturaleza, para niños durante su primer año de desarrollo. El proyecto abarca el desarrollo de productos a través de un método de diseño que reúne la psicología, la biomímica y el eco-diseño, estas propuestas de diseño son proyectadas a un entorno empresarial, sujeto a los marcos del mercado de los productos para niños.Diseñador (a) IndustrialPregrad

New Locality of the endangered Sierra Madre Sparrow (Xenospiza Baileyi) from the State of Durango, Mexico, and recommendations for its conservation

The Sierra Madre Sparrow (Xenospiza baileyi) is an endemic species of Mexico that is threatened with extinction. Its distribution is reported in two areas: One in the Transvolcanic Belt of central Mexico (La Cima) near Mexico City and the other in the Sierra Madre Occidental in northwestern Mexico (Ejido Ojo de Agua El Cazador) near the city of Durango, in the state of Durango. The habitat is the same in these two areas, and consists of sub-alpine grassland that is located in shallow valleys or shallows. In our case, "El Bajío la Cantera" of approximately 55 hectares, is mostly used in rainfed agriculture, protected from livestock grazing with wire fences, which in turn represents protection for remnants of grassland where they are the birds. “El Bajío la Cantera" belongs to Ejido 12 de Mayo, Municipality of San Dimas, Durango, where 28 males were detected singing along a 500 meter transect. This finding represents the population of the healthiest Sierra Madre Sparrow currently known, so it would be necessary to document their population trend over time. This information can help to evaluate and propose the creation of a special protection area for the species that involves joint government actions and ejidatarios tending to conserve the habitat during the reproductive season in order to increase and / or maintain the size of the population.El gorrión serrano (Xenospiza baileyi) es una especie endémica de México y se encuentra en peligro de extinción. Su distribución se reporta en dos áreas: Una en el Cinturón Transvolcánico del centro de México (La Cima) cerca de la Ciudad de México y la otra en la Sierra Madre Occidental en el noroeste de México (Ejido Ojo de Agua El Cazador) cerca de la ciudad de Durango, en el estado de Durango. El hábitat es el mismo en estas dos áreas, y consiste en pastizales amacollados subalpinos que se localizan en valles poco profundos o bajíos. En nuestro caso, “El Bajío la Cantera” de aproximadamente 55 Has de superficie, es usado mayormente en la agricultura de temporal, protegida del pastoreo del ganado con cerco de alambre, que a su vez representa protección para los remanentes de pastizal amacollado donde están las aves. “El Bajío la Cantera” pertenece al Ejido 12 de Mayo, Municipio de San Dimas, Durango, donde se detectaron 28 machos cantando a lo largo de un transecto de 500 metros. Este hallazgo representa la población de Gorrión serrano más saludable actualmente conocida, por lo que sería necesario documentar su tendencia poblacional a través del tiempo. Esta información puede ayudar a evaluar y proponer la creación de un área de protección especial para la especie que involucre acciones conjuntas de gobierno y ejidatarios tendientes a conservar el hábitat durante la época reproductiva para lograr aumentar y/o mantener el tamaño de la población

Variación fenotípica en palomas de collar (Streptopelia decaocto Frivaldszky) en Durango, México

Objective: To estimate the phenotypic variation of six external somatic variables (head length, beak, culmen, tarsal-metatarsal, wing and tail) in Eurasian Collared Dove. Design/methodology/approach: Head, beak, culmen, tarsal-metatarsal, wing and tail lengths were measured in Eurasian Collared Dove (n = 40). Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric analysis (z ? 1.96) and Guillaumin profiles were used to determine the influence of sex on each variable. The principal component analysis determined the degree of influence of each variable on the phenotypic variation of each variable. Results: The size of the structures analyzed were different between males and females. The tarsal-metatarsal, head and wing length were structures whose coefficient of variation was lower in both sexes (P ? 0.05). The principal component analysis explained from three components, 72.77% of the morphological variation. Limitations on study/implications: In the literature review, little information was found describing the morphological variation of birds (Streptopelia decaocto) in colonized and non-colonized environments. Findings/conclusions: The variables that present the greatest variation among individuals have a corneal component.Objetivo: Estimar la variación fenotípica de seis variables somáticas externas (longitud de cabeza, pico, culmen, tarso-metatarso, ala y cola) en Streptopelia decaocto Frivaldszky Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Se midieron las longitudes de cabeza, pico, culmen, tarso-metatarso, ala y cola en aves Streptopelia decaocto (n=40). Se utilizó el análisis no paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis (z ? 1.96) y los perfiles de Guillaumin para determinar la influencia del sexo sobre cada variable. El análisis de componentes principales determinó el grado de influencia de cada variable sobre la variación fenotípica de cada variable. Resultados: Los tamaños de las estructuras analizadas fueron diferentes entre los machos y las hembras. La longitud del tarso-metatarso, de la cabeza y del ala, fueron estructuras cuyo coeficiente de variación fue menor en ambos sexos (P ? 0.05). El análisis de componentes principales explicó a partir de tres componentes, el 72.77% de la variación morfológica. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: En la revisión de literatura se encontró poca información que describa la variación morfológica de las aves (Streptopelia decaocto) en ambientes colonizados y no colonizados. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Las variables que presentan mayor variación entre individuos tienen un componente córne

Effect of annual rainfall and temperature on the selection of habitat and overwintering home range of grassland birds

Objective: To determine the effect of annual precipitation and winter temperature on habitat and winter home range size of two grassland birds in a native grassland of northern Durango, Mexico. Design/methodology/approach: Using telemetry techniques over four consecutive winters (2016-2019), we estimated the home range size (HR; by Kernel method), of Centronyx bairdii and Ammodramus savannarum. Likewise, we estimated the cover of grass, bush, grass, bare ground, dead vegetation, animal excrement and counted the seeds available in the soil (biomass, gr/m2) of the habitat. We compared these dependent variables with non-parametric statistics, with the minimum and maximum annual precipitation (mm) and temperature (°C) of the site. Results: The grassland sparrows used sites with equal coverage of grass, herbaceous plants, shrubs, bare ground, and others (Kruskal-Wallis, p≤0.05). In general, annual rainfall has no effect on the structure and vegetation cover. HR was negatively correlated (Sperman, p≤0.05) with annual rainfall for C. bairdii (rs=-0.90, n=45) and for A. savannarum (rs=-0.80, n=33). When the maximum temperature was higher, both species had a smaller HR. In contrast, when the minimum temperature was low, the HR increased for C. bairdii and decreased for A. savannarum. Study limitations/implications: We demonstrate the importance of considering quantifying the largest number of variables when research is required on the selection and use of grassland bird habitat. Findings/conclusions: This study allows us to increase our knowledge about the winter ecology of grassland birds and demonstrates that environmental variables such as annual rainfall and temperature influence habitat selection of C. bairdii and A. savannarum.Objective: To determine the effect of annual precipitation and winter temperature on the habitat and size of the overwintering home range of two grassland birds in a native grassland in northern Durango, Mexico. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: Using telemetry techniques during four consecutive winters (2016-2019), we estimated the size of the home range (HR; by the Kernel method) of Centronyx bairdii and Ammodramus savannarum. Likewise, the coverage of grassland, scrubland, bare soil, dead vegetation, and animal excrement was estimated and the seeds available in the soil (biomass, g m-2) of the habitat were counted. We correlated these dependent variables with non-parametric statistics, to the minimum and maximum annual rainfall (mm) and temperature (°C) of the site. Results: Grassland sparrows used sites with equitable cover of grass, herbaceous plants, shrubs, bare soil and others (Kruskal-Wallis, p≤0.05). Overall, annual precipitation has no effect on structure and vegetation cover. The HR was negatively correlated (Spearman, p≤0.05) with the annual precipitation for C. bairdii (rs=-0.90, n=45) and for A. savannarum (rs=-0.80, n=33). When the maximum temperature was higher, both species had lower HR. In contrast, when the minimum temperature was low, the HR increased for C. bairdii and decreased for A. savannarum. Study Limitations/ Implications: We demonstrated the importance of considering quantifying the greatest number of variables when research is required on the selection and use of grassland bird habitat. Findings/ Conclusions: This study allowed us to increase our knowledge about the winter ecology of grassland birds and demonstrated that environmental variables such as annual precipitation and temperature influenced the habitat selection of C. bairdii and A. savannarum

Spanish version of the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) applied to undergraduate physical therapy students in Spain using Google Form

[Intro] The educational climate (EC) is an important factor in determining the effectiveness and success of the curriculum in a school of medical sciences. The Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire was used to assess EC in a competency-based curriculum in the physical therapy program analyzing the mean total, subscale, and item scores, as well as response rates. To carry out a psychometric evaluation of the Spanish-language version of the DREEM applied to undergraduate physical therapy students, a total of 671 students enrolled on Degrees in Physiotherapy at 22 faculties across public and private universities in Spainresponded to the DREEM questionnaire using Google Form. (...

Impact of the pre-slaughter transport (mixing or no mixing with unfamiliar animals) of calves of Asturiana de los Valles and Retinta breeds on physicochemical and organoleptic attributes of the ageing meat. Consumers’ acceptability and preference

As ageing process is one of the main factors influencing the organoleptic characteristics of meat and its consumer acceptability, the objective of this research was to study the organoleptic attributes variation of meat from Asturiana de los Valles and Retinta breeds at two times of the ageing process (7 and 14 days) under different pre-slaughter transport conditions (mixing and non-mixing with unfamiliar animals). A descriptive sensory analysis was carried out with a trained panel and the acceptability and preference for ageing meat of these two breeds were analysed with 75 consumers, as well as a study on the factors that influence the purchase decision to this type of meat. The breed and mixing with unfamiliar animals before slaughter affected significantly at instrumental tenderness. The intensity of the attributes related to the texture showed significant differences among studied samples at 7 days of ageing, with an increase in tenderness, juiciness and fibrousness while at 14 days of ageing, odour, beef flavour, liver flavour and smoothness also showed significant differences. The results indicated that the organoleptic attributes changed in intensity during ageing time, therefore, we can conclude that the attributes of tenderness, juiciness, smoothness, fibrousness, odour, beef flavour and liver flavour showed significant differences among samples and could be considered sensory indicators of ageing. The type of pre-slaughter transport (with or without mixing with unknown animals) also influenced the intensity of the sensory attributes, but less markedly than the breed effect. It was also observed that consumers prefer the meat of the Asturiana de los Valles breed aged for 14 days, despite among the factors that most influence the meat purchase decision, the ageing time was not present. Regarding purchasing habits, a relationship was observed between the meat purchase format and sale point. Overall, it is necessary to promote greater knowledge among consumers about the importance of ageing in beef quality.Este trabajo fue financiado por el proyecto RTA 2014-00034-C00 (INIA-AEI) y fondos FE- DERPeer reviewe

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Performance of the CMS Cathode Strip Chambers with Cosmic Rays

The Cathode Strip Chambers (CSCs) constitute the primary muon tracking device in the CMS endcaps. Their performance has been evaluated using data taken during a cosmic ray run in fall 2008. Measured noise levels are low, with the number of noisy channels well below 1%. Coordinate resolution was measured for all types of chambers, and fall in the range 47 microns to 243 microns. The efficiencies for local charged track triggers, for hit and for segments reconstruction were measured, and are above 99%. The timing resolution per layer is approximately 5 ns

Epidemiologic Features and Control Measures during Monkeypox Outbreak, Spain, June 2022

During June 2022, Spain was one of the countries most affected worldwide by a multicountry monkeypox outbreak with chains of transmission without identified links to disease-endemic countries. We provide epidemiologic features of cases reported in Spain and the coordinated measures taken to respond to this outbreak.S