Predicting Scientific Success Based on Coauthorship Networks

We address the question to what extent the success of scientific articles is due to social influence. Analyzing a data set of over 100000 publications from the field of Computer Science, we study how centrality in the coauthorship network differs between authors who have highly cited papers and those who do not. We further show that a machine learning classifier, based only on coauthorship network centrality measures at time of publication, is able to predict with high precision whether an article will be highly cited five years after publication. By this we provide quantitative insight into the social dimension of scientific publishing - challenging the perception of citations as an objective, socially unbiased measure of scientific success.Comment: 21 pages, 2 figures, incl. Supplementary Materia

Geographical trends in research: a preliminary analysis on authors' affiliations

In the last decade, research literature reached an enormous volume with an unprecedented current annual increase of 1.5 million new publications. As research gets ever more global and new countries and institutions, either from academia or corporate environment, start to contribute with their share, it is important to monitor this complex scenario and understand its dynamics. We present a study on a conference proceedings dataset extracted from Springer Nature Scigraph that illustrates insightful geographical trends and highlights the unbalanced growth of competitive research institutions worldwide. Results emerged from our micro and macro analysis show that the distributions among countries of institutions and papers follow a power law, and thus very few countries keep producing most of the papers accepted by high-tier conferences. In addition, we found that the annual and overall turnover rate of the top 5, 10 and 25 countries is extremely low, suggesting a very static landscape in which new entries struggle to emerge. Finally, we highlight the presence of an increasing gap between the number of institutions initiating and overseeing research endeavours (i.e. first and last authors' affiliations) and the total number of institutions participating in research. As a consequence of our analysis, the paper also discusses our experience in working with affiliations: an utterly simple matter at first glance, that is instead revealed to be a complex research and technical challenge yet far from being solved

Examination Of Pain And Quality Of Life in Patients With Chronic Pain Before And After TENS and Their Satisfaction Levels Regarding Nurses

Giriş: Transkutanöz Elektriksel Sinir Uyarımı sağlıkla ilgili yaşam kalitesini bozan kronik ağrının tedavisinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Hemşireler, multidisipliner ekibin bir üyesi olarak kronik ağrılı hastaların ağrılarını azaltmada ve yaşam kalitelerini iyileştirmede rol oynayan sağlık profesyonelleridir. Amaç: Kronik ağrı nedeniyle ağrı ünitesine başvuran hastaların TENS uygulaması öncesi ve sonrası yaşam kalitesi, ağrı ve hemşirelerden memnuniyet düzeylerinin incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel araştırmanın yapılabilmesi için etik kurul izni ve hastalardan yazılı aydınlatılmış onam alınmıştır. Veriler hemşireler tarafından 22 Nisan 2012- 20 Şubat 2013 tarihlerinde bir üniversite hastanesinin ağrı ünitesinde TENS uygulaması öncesi ve sonrası Hasta Tanıtım Formu, SF-36 Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği, Sayısal Ağrı Ölçeği, Hemşire Memnuniyet Formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Ortalama yaşı 53.50±16.60 olan hastaların %85.2'si kadın, %63.0'ü kronik hastalığa sahip, %90.7'si analjezik kullanmakta ve %27.8'i lumbar disk hernisi nedeniyle ağrı yaşamaktadır. Kronik ağrısı olan hastaların TENS uygulaması sonrası öncesine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde yaşam kalitesinin mental işlev alt boyutu hariç diğer yedi alt boyut puan ortalamalarının arttığı, ağrı puan ortalamalarının azaldığı ve hemşirelerden memnuniyet puan ortalamalarının yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Sonuçlar, TENS uygulaması sonrası ağrı ile yaşam kalitesinin birçok boyutunun iyileştiğini ve bu süreçte hemşireden memnuniyetin yüksek olduğunu göstermektedir. TENS uygulamasının hastaların kronik ağrılarını azaltmada ve yaşam kalitelerini iyileştirmede kullanılması önerilmektedir. Introduction: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is widely used for the treatment of chronic pain causes the impairment of health-related quality of life (QoL). Nurses, as a membe rof multidisciplinary team, are a health professional that play a role to reducing pain in patients with chronic pain and develop the life qualities of patients by approaching them. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigated quality of life, pain, and patients' satisfaction levels from nurses of patients that was applicated to pain unit before and after TENS application.Methods: Informed consent and ethical permission were obtained for performed to descriptive and cross-sectional study. Data was collected obtained by nurses using Patients Identification Form, Numerical Rating Pain Scale (NPRS), Short Form 36 (SF 36), and Nurse Saticfaction Form between 22th April 2012-20th February 2013 in a university hospital pain unit before and after TENS. Results: The patients' mean age was 53.50±16.60, 85.2% of the patients were female, 63.0% has chronical disease. 90.7% was used analgesic drugs. 27.8% of the pain etiology was lumbar disc hernia. It is found that significantly increased to seven subsclaes means of quality of life, expect mental health, decreased to pain mean and increased to satisfaction from nurses mean of the patients with chronic pain after TENS application compared to before. Conclusion: The results showed that improvements in pain and QoL after TENS, and satisfaction from nurses during the process. As a result, it is suggested that TENS can use to reduce for chronic pain and improve for QO

Ranking in evolving complex networks

Complex networks have emerged as a simple yet powerful framework to represent and analyze a wide range of complex systems. The problem of ranking the nodes and the edges in complex networks is critical for a broad range of real-world problems because it affects how we access online information and products, how success and talent are evaluated in human activities, and how scarce resources are allocated by companies and policymakers, among others. This calls for a deep understanding of how existing ranking algorithms perform, and which are their possible biases that may impair their effectiveness. Many popular ranking algorithms (such as Google’s PageRank) are static in nature and, as a consequence, they exhibit important shortcomings when applied to real networks that rapidly evolve in time. At the same time, recent advances in the understanding and modeling of evolving networks have enabled the development of a wide and diverse range of ranking algorithms that take the temporal dimension into account. The aim of this review is to survey the existing ranking algorithms, both static and time-aware, and their applications to evolving networks. We emphasize both the impact of network evolution on well-established static algorithms and the benefits from including the temporal dimension for tasks such as prediction of network traffic, prediction of future links, and identification of significant nodes

Structure-oriented prediction in complex networks

Complex systems are extremely hard to predict due to its highly nonlinear interactions and rich emergent properties. Thanks to the rapid development of network science, our understanding of the structure of real complex systems and the dynamics on them has been remarkably deepened, which meanwhile largely stimulates the growth of effective prediction approaches on these systems. In this article, we aim to review different network-related prediction problems, summarize and classify relevant prediction methods, analyze their advantages and disadvantages, and point out the forefront as well as critical challenges of the field

Evulation of quality of life before and after liver transplantation

Amaç: KT öncesi ve sonrası üçüncü ayda yaşam kalitesi ve etkileyen etmenlerin incelenmesidir. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tasarıma uygun yapılan bu araştırmaya, mayıs 2007- haziran 2008 tarihleri arasında iki üniversite hastanesinde canlı ve kadavra donörden KT uygulanan hastalar alınmıştır. Araştırmada, kurumdan, hastalardan yazılı izin ve etik kuruldan onay alınmıştır. Örnekleme alınma kriterleri Türkçe iletişim kurulabilmesi ve bilişsel fonksiyonlarının yeterli olmasıdır. Dışlama kriterleri ise psikiyatrik hastalık tanısı alması ve fiziksel sınırlılığının olmasıdır. Hastaların yaşam kalitesi Nottingham Sağlık Profili ve tanımlayıcı özellikleri Hasta Tanılama Formu ile değerlendirilmiştir. Hastaların, KT öncesi hastalık şiddeti, "karaciğer hastalık şiddeti evrelendirme modeli-MELD" ile değerlendirilmiştir. Veriler, bağımlı ve bağımsız gruplarda t testi, Man Whitney U, Wilcoxan testi ve Kruskall Wallis varyans analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın gücü, bağımsız gruplarda t testi analizine göre hesaplanmıştır. Nottingham Sağlık Profili alt boyutlarında güçæ ağrıæ %97, enerji düzeyiæ %89, emosyonel reaksiyonæ %84, fiziksel mobiliteæ %82, sosyal izolasyonæ %83 ve uyku için %89'dur. Bulgular: Hastaların KT öncesi ve sonrası üçüncü ayda NSP yaşam kalitesi ölçeğinin tüm alt boyutlarında anlamlı düzeyde fark vardır (p Sonuç: Karaciğer transplantasyonu, hastaların yaşam kalitesini geliştirmiştir. Bu hastalarda yaşam kalitesinin uzunlamasına ve sosyokültürel yapısı içinde kalitatif incelenmesine gereksinim vardır. Anahtar Kelime: Karaciğer Transplantasyonu, Yaşam Kalitesi, Notingham Sağlık Profili, Hemşirelik Aim: to investigate factors affecting and the quality of life before and three months after liver transplantation. Methods: This is a descriptive study and included the patients receiving liver transplants from live donors and cadavers in the Surgery and Organ Transplantation clinics of two university hospitals between May 2007 and June 2007. Approval was obtained from the ethical committee and the participants gave written informed consent. Inclusion criteria were sufficient cognitive functions and ability to communicate in Turkish. Exclusion criteria were functional limitations and psychiatric diseases. Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) was used to evaluate the quality of life, Patient Description Form to determine patient characteristics and Model for end Stage Liver Disease (MELD) to determine disease severity before liver transplantation. The data of study were analysed with t testi, Man Whitney U test, Wilcoxan test and Kruskall Wallis variance analysis. The power of study is estimated by independent variables t test. The power for subscales of NHP was 97% for pain, 89% for energy level, 84% for emotional reaction, 82% for physical mobility, 83% for social isolation and 89% for sleep. Results: There was a significant difference between all subscales of NHP before and three months after liver transplantations (p Conclusion: Liver transplantations improved the quality of life to patients. Longitudinal surveies and qualitative studies are needed to investigate the quality of life of liver transplant recipients in their socio-cultural environments. Key Words: Liver transplantation, Nottingham Healt Profile, Quality of life, Nursin

Gender and Biopolitics: Re-Problematization of Womanhood in Post-2002 Turkey

Sarigöl P. Gender and Biopolitics: Re-Problematization of Womanhood in Post-2002 Turkey. Bielefeld: Universität Bielefeld; 2020