Métodos cuantitativos para el análisis de la actividad industrial española

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Data Provision for Science-Based FAD Fishery Management: Spanish FAD Management Plan as a Case Study

The use of fish aggregating devices (FADs) in tropical tuna fisheries has increased significantly during recent decades. Concurrently, concern about juvenile tuna mortality, bycatch, and marine debris associated with FAD fisheries increased, and this led to the implementation of FAD management measures and more sustainable designs (e.g., non-entangling or biodegradable FADs, limits on active FADs, etc.). This document reviews data collection and reporting requirements of tuna-Regional Fisheries Management Organizations (t-RFMOs) on drifting FADs and summarizes the work carried out since 2010 under the Spanish FAD management plan to create an adequate standard data collection aimed at improving science-based decision making. The aim of this study is to assist in the strengthening of data collection systems through: (1) a review of the existing data requirements, (2) a review of the status of FAD data collection worldwide and identification of data gaps, and (3) recommendations aimed at improving FAD management through the strengthening of FAD data requirements. Due to the complexities of data collection, we summarize the difficulties faced when processing the data and propose concrete and practical solutions to improve both the data collection system and information quality.Postprin

ESTADÍSTICA DE LAS PESQUERÍAS ESPAÑOLAS ATUNERAS, EN EL OCÉANO ATLÁNTICO TROPICAL, EN EL PERÍODO 1990 A 2019.

SUMMARY Data are presented on the Spanish fleet, fishing areas, catches, fishing effort, performance (CPUEs) and size distribution for purse seiner and baitboat. The total catch increased slightly by 3.1%. In 2019, there was a halt in fishing activity in July as a result of a check being carried out on bigeye quota consumption. More than 70% of sets were on “objects” and 25% on “free schools”. Median weights were slightly higher: yellowfin 10.7 kg (6.7 kg in 2018) (4.87 kg object and 32.11 kg free school); skipjack 1.7 kg (1.6 kg in 2018) (2.81 kg object and 2.42 kg free school) and bigeye 4.9 kg (3.5 kg in 2018) (3.4 kg object and 25.1 kg free school). Yellowfin presented a modal size of 42 cm for object and modal sizes of 42, 54, 152 cm for free school. Skipjack had a modal size of 42 cm on object and 44 cm for free school. Bigeye had a modal size of 44 cm on object and 42 and 152 cm for free school in 2019. RÉSUMÉ Des données sont présentées sur la flottille espagnole, les zones de pêche, les captures, l'effort de pêche, les performances (CPUE) et la distribution par taille pour les senneurs et les canneurs. Les captures totales ont légèrement augmenté de 3,1 %. En 2019, l'activité de pêche s'est arrêtée en juillet suite à un contrôle de la consommation du quota de thon obèse. Plus de 70 % des opérations étaient des opérations sous objets alors que 25 % des opérations étaient sur bancs libres. Les poids médians étaient légèrement supérieurs : albacore 10,7 kg (6,7 kg en 2018) (4,87 kg objet et 32,11 kg banc libre) ; listao 1,7 kg (1,6 kg en 2018) (2,81 kg objet et 2,42 kg banc libre) et thon obèse 4,9 kg (3,5 kg en 2018) (3,4 kg objet et 25,1 kg banc libre). L’albacore présentait une taille modale de 42 cm pour les opérations sous objets et des tailles modales de 42, 54, 152 cm dans le cas des opérations sur bancs libres. Le listao avait une taille modale de 42 cm pour les opérations sous objets et 44 cm dans le cas des opérations sur bancs libres. Le thon obèse avait une taille modale de 44 cm pour les opérations sous objets et de 42 et 152 cm dans le cas des opérations sur bancs libres. RESUMEN Se presentan datos de la flota española, zonas de pesca, capturas, esfuerzo pesquero, rendimientos (CPUE) y distribuciones de talla para cerco y cañeros. La captura total se incrementó ligeramente un 3,1 %. En 2019 parada de actividad pesquera durante el mes de julio como consecuencia de la realización de un control de la cuota de patudo consumida. Con más del 70 % de lances a “Objetos” y 25 % a “Banco Libre”. Los pesos medios ligeramente superiores: rabil 10,7 kg (6,7 kg en 2018) (4,87 kg objeto y 32,11 kg banco libre); listado 1,7 kg (1,6 kg en 2018) (2,81 kg objeto y 2,42 kg banco libre) y patudo 4,9 kg (3,5 kg en 2018) (3,4 kg objeto y 25,1 kg banco libre). El rabil presentó talla modal de 42 cm a Objeto y tallas modales de 42, 54, 152 cm a Banco libre. El listado una talla modal de 42 cm a Objeto y 44 cm para Banco libre. El patudo una talla modal de 44 cm a Objeto y 42 y 152 cm a Banco libre en 2019.Versión del edito

ESTADÍSTICA DE LAS PESQUERÍAS ESPAÑOLAS ATUNERAS, EN EL OCÉANO ATLÁNTICO TROPICAL, PERÍODO 1990 A 2016.

En este documento se presentan datos de la flota española, estrategias de pesca, zonas de pesca, capturas de las especies objetivo, esfuerzos, rendimientos (CPUEs), coberturas de muestreos y distribuciones de talla de las especies objetivo y accesoria de la flota atunera de cerco y de la flota de cañeros de cebo vivo que faena en el Océano Atlántico Tropical. El número de barcos de cerco que operó durante este último año disminuyó en 2 unidades, aunque la captura total aumentó ligeramente durante 2016. En éste último año, se realizaron dos veces más lances a objeto que a banco libre. En términos de porcentaje el 68 % correspondió a Objetos y el 32 % a Banco Libre. Los pesos medios de los ejemplares capturados han sido: para rabil 8,5 kg (4,1 kg objeto y 25,5 kg banco libre); para el listado 1,97 kg (1,9 kg objeto y 2,67 kg banco libre) y para patudo 3,8 kg (3,3 kg objeto y 24,3 kg banco libre). El rabil (YFT) talla modal de captura 42 cm a Objeto (OB) y cuatro tallas modales de 42 cm, 58 cm, 106 cm y 138 cm para las capturas a Banco libre (FS) en 2016. El listado (SKJ) una talla modal de captura, 64 cm para Objeto (OB) y dos tallas modales de 64 cm y 72 cm para Banco libre (FS) en 2016. El patudo (BET) una única talla modal de captura 40 cm para Objeto (OB) y dos tallas modales de 42 cm y 94 cm para Banco libre (FS) en 2016.En prens

Estadística de las pesquerías españolas atuneras, en el Océano Atlántico Tropical, período 1990 a 2017

This document sets out the data for the Spanish fleet, strategies, fishing areas, catches of target species, effort, CPUEs, samplings and size distributions of target species. In 2017, total catch decreased by 5%. Twice as many sets have been carried out on objects than on free schools. More than 80% were conducted on objects and less than 20% on free schools. Average weights were: 5.3 kg for yellowfin tuna (3.8 kg on objects and 31 kg on free schools); 1.6 kg for skipjack (1.6 kg on objects and 2.03 kg on free schools); and 3.37 kg for bigeye tuna (3.27 kg on objects and 37.9 kg on free schools). The modal size for yellowfin tuna caught on objects is 46 cm and the two modal sizes for free school catches are 52 and 150 cm. The modal size for skipjack caught on objects is 42 cm and the modal sizes for free schools are 46, 55 and 64 cm. There is a single modal size for bigeye tuna caught on objects, i.e. 42 cm, and three modal sizes for free schools, i.e. 42, 114 and 146 cm

Inadequate use of antibiotics in the covid-19 era: effectiveness of antibiotic therapy

Background: Since December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the concept of medicine. This work aims to analyze the use of antibiotics in patients admitted to the hospital due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This work analyzes the use and effectiveness of antibiotics in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 based on data from the SEMI-COVID-19 registry, an initiative to generate knowledge about this disease using data from electronic medical records. Our primary endpoint was all-cause in-hospital mortality according to antibiotic use. The secondary endpoint was the effect of macrolides on mortality. Results: Of 13, 932 patients, antibiotics were used in 12, 238. The overall death rate was 20.7% and higher among those taking antibiotics (87.8%). Higher mortality was observed with use of all antibiotics (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.21–1.62; p <.001) except macrolides, which had a higher survival rate (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.64–0.76; p <.001). The decision to start antibiotics was influenced by presence of increased inflammatory markers and any kind of infiltrate on an x-ray. Patients receiving antibiotics required respiratory support and were transferred to intensive care units more often. Conclusions: Bacterial co-infection was uncommon among COVID-19 patients, yet use of antibiotics was high. There is insufficient evidence to support widespread use of empiric antibiotics in these patients. Most may not require empiric treatment and if they do, there is promising evidence regarding azithromycin as a potential COVID-19 treatment. © 2021, The Author(s)

Common variants of the liver fatty acid binding protein gene influence the risk of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance in Spanish population

Summary: The main objective was to evaluate the association between SNPs and haplotypes of the FABP1-4 genes and type 2 diabetes, as well as its interaction with fat intake, in one general Spanish population. The association was replicated in a second population in which HOMA index was also evaluated. Methods: 1217 unrelated individuals were selected from a population-based study [Hortega study: 605 women; mean age 54 y; 7.8% with type 2 diabetes]. The replication population included 805 subjects from Segovia, a neighboring region of Spain (446 females; mean age 52 y; 10.3% with type 2 diabetes). DM2 mellitus was defined in a similar way in both studies. Fifteen SNPs previously associated with metabolic traits or with potential influence in the gene expression within the FABP1- 4 genes were genotyped with SNPlex and tested. Age, sex and BMI were used as covariates in the logistic regression model. Results:One polymorphism (rs2197076) and two haplotypes of the FABP-1 showed a strong association with the risk of DM2 in the original population. This association was further confirmed in the second population as well as in the pooled sample. None of the other analyzed variants in FABP2, FABP3 and FABP4 genes were associated. There was not a formal interaction between rs2197076 and fat intake. A significant association between the rs2197076 and the haplotypes of the FABP1 and HOMA-IR was also present in the replication population. Conclusions: The study supports the role of common variants of the FABP-1 gene in the development of type 2 diabetes in Caucasians

The exposure of the hybrid detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Pierre Auger Observatory is a detector for ultra-high energy cosmic rays. It consists of a surface array to measure secondary particles at ground level and a fluorescence detector to measure the development of air showers in the atmosphere above the array. The "hybrid" detection mode combines the information from the two subsystems. We describe the determination of the hybrid exposure for events observed by the fluorescence telescopes in coincidence with at least one water-Cherenkov detector of the surface array. A detailed knowledge of the time dependence of the detection operations is crucial for an accurate evaluation of the exposure. We discuss the relevance of monitoring data collected during operations, such as the status of the fluorescence detector, background light and atmospheric conditions, that are used in both simulation and reconstruction.Comment: Paper accepted by Astroparticle Physic

Evidence for a mixed mass composition at the `ankle' in the cosmic-ray spectrum

We report a first measurement for ultra-high energy cosmic rays of the correlation between the depth of shower maximum and the signal in the water Cherenkov stations of air-showers registered simultaneously by the fluorescence and the surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory. Such a correlation measurement is a unique feature of a hybrid air-shower observatory with sensitivity to both the electromagnetic and muonic components. It allows an accurate determination of the spread of primary masses in the cosmic-ray flux. Up till now, constraints on the spread of primary masses have been dominated by systematic uncertainties. The present correlation measurement is not affected by systematics in the measurement of the depth of shower maximum or the signal in the water Cherenkov stations. The analysis relies on general characteristics of air showers and is thus robust also with respect to uncertainties in hadronic event generators. The observed correlation in the energy range around the `ankle' at $\lg(E/{\rm eV})=18.5-19.0$ differs significantly from expectations for pure primary cosmic-ray compositions. A light composition made up of proton and helium only is equally inconsistent with observations. The data are explained well by a mixed composition including nuclei with mass $A > 4$. Scenarios such as the proton dip model, with almost pure compositions, are thus disfavoured as the sole explanation of the ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray flux at Earth.Comment: Published version. Added journal reference and DOI. Added Report Numbe

Measurement of the polarisation of W bosons produced with large transverse momentum in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment

This paper describes an analysis of the angular distribution of W->enu and W->munu decays, using data from pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2010, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 35 pb^-1. Using the decay lepton transverse momentum and the missing transverse energy, the W decay angular distribution projected onto the transverse plane is obtained and analysed in terms of helicity fractions f0, fL and fR over two ranges of W transverse momentum (ptw): 35 < ptw < 50 GeV and ptw > 50 GeV. Good agreement is found with theoretical predictions. For ptw > 50 GeV, the values of f0 and fL-fR, averaged over charge and lepton flavour, are measured to be : f0 = 0.127 +/- 0.030 +/- 0.108 and fL-fR = 0.252 +/- 0.017 +/- 0.030, where the first uncertainties are statistical, and the second include all systematic effects.Comment: 19 pages plus author list (34 pages total), 9 figures, 11 tables, revised author list, matches European Journal of Physics C versio