Light levels influence on development and leaves reflectance index of imperial® zoysia grass / Influência de níveis de luz no desenvolvimento e índice de refletância das folhas de grama esmeralda imperial®

The lawn aesthetics is one of the most important aspect, which professionals need to observe. Shading influence on grass development may be harmful to plant physiology, which will have its photosynthetic processes reduced. A grass that receives less light may etiolate, and, in popular terms, it can fade making it less attractive, since what is expected for a lawn is its vibrant green colour. Therefore, the research aimed to study the influence of luminosity levels and changes in light spectrum in development and leaf reflectance indices of Imperial® Zoysia Grass var.. Grass was implanted in black plastic containers filled with substrate formed by, soil, sand and soil conditioner. Luminosity levels tested were: T1: full sun, T2: 50% black shading net and T3: 50% red solar spectrum manipulation net. The lawn height was assessed using the prism methodology. Digital images were obtained and red, green and blue (RGB) mean values components were reported. RGB results were converted to HSB values (Hue, Saturation and Brightness). After obtaining HSB values, Dark Green Colour Index (DGCI) was calculated. Treatments T2 and T3 interfered in the development and reflectance index of leaves of Zoysia grass Imperial®. For Hue component the cited treatments turn leaves to yellow, which means leaves chloroses caused by the reduction of chlorophyll concentration. Dark Green Colour Index, T2 and T3 influenced in leaves coloration turning them yellowish, proving hue results, which is symptom of chlorosis and etiolation

Análise dos óbitos entre pacientes críticos: comparação da mortalidade estimada pelo saps-3 e mortalidade observada

Objective: to compare the mortality estimated by the SAPS-3 with the observed mortality among critically ill patients admitted to an Intensive Care Unit and to identify the factors associated with death. Methods: longitudinal study carried out with secondary data from 400 critically ill patients. Estimated and observed mortality and the factors associated with death were compared. Results: there was a predominance of elderly patients (mean age 65.5 years) male (50.5%), with hospitalization financed by the Unified Health System (78.0%). The patients with the highest severity score and the highest estimated mortality were those who died (p<0.001). Death was associated with hospitalizations for infectious and parasitic diseases (p<0.001), while most patients hospitalized for external causes were discharged (p<0.001). Conclusion: the patients with the highest severity by SAPS-3 were those who died, with a predominant negative outcome among those hospitalized for infectious and parasitic diseases.Objetivo: comparar a mortalidade estimada pelo SAPS-3 com a mortalidade observada entre os pacientes críticos admitidos em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e identificar os fatores associados ao óbito. Métodos: estudo longitudinal realizado com dados secundários de 400 pacientes críticos. Realizou-se a comparação da mortalidade estimada e observada, e os fatores associados ao óbito. Resultados: houve predomínio de pacientes idosos (média de 65,5 anos) do sexo masculino (50,5%), com internação financiada pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (78,0%). Os pacientes que apresentaram maior pontuação no escore de gravidade e maior mortalidade estimada foram os que evoluíram a óbito (p<0,001). O óbito esteve associado às internações por doenças infecciosas e parasitárias (p<0,001), enquanto a maior parte dos pacientes internados por causas externas receberam alta (p<0,001). Conclusão: os pacientes com maior gravidade pelo SAPS-3 foram os que evoluíram a óbito, predominando o desfecho negativo entre os internados por doenças infecciosas e parasitárias

Acceptability of short message service (SMS) as a tool for malaria treatment adherence in the Brazilian Amazon: a qualitative study

Background: Malaria is one of the leading causes of morbidity worldwide, and patient adherence to prescribed antimalarials is essential for effective treatment. Methods: This cross-sectional study, with in-depth telephone interviews, analyzed participants’ perceptions of short message service (SMS) in adherence to treatment. Results: Five thematic categories emerged: decreased forgetfulness, the novelty of the tool, easy-to-understand language, the impact of SMS messages during treatment, and suggestions for improvement and complaints. Conclusions: SMS could assist patients in adhering to prescribed antimalarials.Fil: Rodovalho, Sheila. Universidade do Estado do Amazonas; BrasilFil: Dias, Ádila Liliane Barros. Universidade do Estado do Amazonas; BrasilFil: Paz Ade, Maria. Pan American Health Organization; ArgentinaFil: Saint Gerons, Diego Macias. Pan American Health Organization; ArgentinaFil: Castro, Jose Luis. Pan American Health Organization; ArgentinaFil: Beratarrechea, Andrea Gabriela. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Murta, Felipe Leão Gomes. Universidade do Estado do Amazonas; BrasilFil: dos Santos, Alicia Cacau Patrine. Universidade do Estado do Amazonas; BrasilFil: Marques, Leonardo Lincoln Gomes. Universidade do Estado do Amazonas; BrasilFil: Sampaio, Vanderson Souza. Universidade do Estado do Amazonas; BrasilFil: Baia da Silva, Djane Clarys. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; Brasil. Universidade do Estado do Amazonas; BrasilFil: Monteiro, Wuelton Marcelo. Universidade do Estado do Amazonas; Brasi

Addressing challenges and opportunities of the European seafood sector under a circular economy framework

The European seafood and aquaculture sectors are facing important challenges in terms of environmental threats (climate change, marine debris, resources depletion), social development (worker rights, consumer's awareness) or economic growth (market and nonmarket goods and services, global competitiveness). These issues are forcing all stakeholders, from policy-makers to citizens and industries, to move to more sustainable policies, practices and processes. Consequently, an improvement in collaborations among different parties and beyond borders is required to create more efficient networks along the supply chain of seafood and aquaculture sectors. To achieve this, a "nexus thinking" approach (i.e. the analysis of actions in connected systems) combined with a life cycle thinking appears as an excellent opportunity to facilitate the transition to a circular economy.This work was supported by the EAPA_576/2018 NEPTUNUS project. The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of Interreg Atlantic Area. A.C. Dias and P. Quinteiro acknowledge FCT/MCTES for the contracts CEECIND/02174/2017 and CEECIND/00143/2017, respectively, and for the financial support to CESAM (UID/AMB/50017/2019), through national funds. The Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) for supporting the contract of A. Marques in the framework of the IF2014 program (IF/00253/2014)

CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA E MICROBIOLÓGICA DE BISCOITOS ADICIONADOS DE CENOURA (Daucus Carota L.)

The consumption of ultra-processed foods by the general population has been growing significantly, which negatively impacts health; these foods are produced by industries and usually contain five or more ingredients with nutritionally inadequate composition. In 2020, about 99.7% of Brazilian households consumed cookies, and besides an excellent acceptance in the market, they have a good shelf life and easy nutritional enrichment. Several products made with the use of fruits and vegetables arise as alternatives to obtain a food product with high nutritional content, one of the vegetables that has been integrally used in food preparation is the carrot (Daucus carota L.) characterized by tuberous and edible roots, has high consumption worldwide. This study aims to elaborate cookies using different types of flour plus carrot and determine their physicochemical and microbiological characteristics. Physicochemical parameters were evaluated (moisture content, ash, soluble solids, acidity, lipids, protein and carbohydrates) and microbiological analysis following the current legislation. Although the moisture content was high for two of the samples, the physical-chemical characteristics obtained satisfactory values, resulting in a product of nutritional quality and suitable for consumption. As for the microbiological analyses, the formulations are in accordance with the recommended by the legislation, affirming the good practices in the elaboration of the product. However, more studies are needed to attest its nutritional quality, the acceptability of the cookies by the population in terms of flavor, texture, and aroma, in order to enable the commercialization of the cookies.El consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados por parte de la población general ha ido creciendo significativamente lo que impacta negativamente en la salud, estos alimentos son producidos por industrias generalmente contienen cinco o más ingredientes con composición nutricionalmente inadecuada. En 2020, alrededor del 99,7% de los hogares brasileños consumieron galletas, además de una excelente aceptación en el mercado tienen una buena vida útil, un fácil enriquecimiento nutricional. Varios productos preparados con el uso de frutas y verduras surgen como alternativas para obtener un producto alimenticio con alto contenido nutricional, una de las verduras que se ha utilizado íntegramente en la preparación de alimentos es la zanahoria (Daucus carota L.) caracterizada por raíces tuberosas, comestibles, tiene un alto consumo a nivel mundial. Este estudio tiene como objetivo elaborar galletas utilizando diferentes tipos de harina más zanahoria y determinar sus características físico-químicas, microbiológicas. Se evaluaron parámetros fisicoquímicos (contenido de humedad, cenizas, sólidos solubles, acidez, lípidos, proteínas, carbohidratos) y análisis microbiológicos, siguiendo la legislación vigente. Aunque el contenido de humedad fue elevado para dos de las muestras, las características físico-químicas obtuvieron valores satisfactorios, dando como resultado un producto de calidad nutricional, apto para el consumo. En cuanto a los análisis microbiológicos, las formulaciones son acordes con la legislación, afirmando buenas prácticas en la elaboración del producto. Sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios para dar fe de su calidad nutricional, aceptabilidad de las galletas por parte de la población en los requisitos de sabor, textura, aroma, con el fin de permitir la comercialización de galletas.O consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados pela população em geral vem crescendo expressivamente o que impacta de forma negativa a saúde, esses alimentos são produzidos pelas indústrias e geralmente contém cinco ou mais ingredientes apresentando composição nutricionalmente inadequada. Em 2020, cerca de 99,7% dos lares brasileiros consumiram biscoitos e além de uma excelente aceitação no mercado possuem uma boa vida útil e fácil enriquecimento nutricional. Diversos produtos elaborados com o aproveitamento das frutas e hortaliças surgem como alternativas de se obter um produto alimentício com alto teor nutricional, uma das hortaliças que vem sendo utilizada integralmente no preparo de alimentos é a cenoura (Daucus carota L.) caracterizadas pelas raízes tuberosas e comestíveis, possui alto consumo mundialmente. Este estudo tem como objetivo elaborar biscoitos utilizando diferentes tipos de farinha acrescido de cenoura e determinar sua característica físico-química e microbiológica. Foram avaliados parâmetros físico-químicos (teor de umidade, cinzas, sólidos solúveis, acidez, lipídios, proteína e carboidratos) e análises microbiológicas, seguindo a legislação vigente. Apesar do teor de umidade ter se apresentado alto para duas das amostras, as características físico-químicas obtiveram valores satisfatórios, resultando em um produto de qualidade nutricional e apto para o consumo. Quanto as análises microbiológicas, as formulações se encontram de acordo com o preconizado pela legislação, afirmando as boas práticas na elaboração do produto. No entanto, mais estudos são necessários para atestar sua qualidade nutricional, a aceitabilidade dos biscoitos pela população nos quesitos de sabor, textura e aroma, a fim de viabilizar a comercialização dos biscoitos

Strengthening therapeutic adherence and pharmacovigilance to antimalarial treatment in Manaus, Brazil: a multicomponent strategy using mHealth

Background: Public health initiatives for improving adherence to primaquine based regimens and enhancing effective pharmacovigilance are needed to support the efforts for malaria elimination in real world conditions. Methods: A multicomponent patient-oriented strategy using a Smart Safety Surveillance (3S) approach including: (1) educational materials for treatment counselling and identification of warning symptoms of haemolytic anaemia; (2) an mHealth component using Short Message Service (SMS) treatment reminders and (3) development and implementation of follow-up phone surveys three days after treatment completion, using a web-based platform linked to the local information system of malaria. Adherence was measured using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Self-reported events were registered using a structured questionnaire and communicated to the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency. Results: Educational materials were disseminated to 5594 patients, of whom 1512 voluntarily entered the mHealth component through the local information system; 7323 SMS were sent, and 1062 participants completed a follow-up survey after treatment. The mean age of patients was 37.36 years (SD 13.65), 61.24% were male, 98.54% were infected with. Plasmodium vivax and 95.90% received a short regimen of chloroquine plus primaquine (CQ + PQ 7 days), as per malaria case management guidelines in Brazil. From the 1062 surveyed participants 93.31% were considered adherent to the treatment. Most of the patients (95.20%) reported at least one adverse event. Headache, lack of appetite and nausea/vomiting were the most frequently reported adverse events by 77.31%, 70.90% and 56.78% of the patients respectively. A quarter of the patients reported anxiety or depression symptoms; 57 (5.37%) patients reported 5 to 6 warning symptoms of haemolytic anaemia including jaundice and dark urine in 44 (4.14%). Overall, three patients presenting symptoms of haemolytic anaemia attended a hospital and were diagnosed with G6PD deficiency, and one had haemolysis. All of them recovered. Conclusions: Under real world conditions, a multicomponent patient-oriented strategy using information and communication technologies allowed health care providers to reinforce treatment adherence and enhance safety surveillance of adverse events associated with regimens using primaquine. Active monitoring through phone surveys also reduced under-reporting of ADRs. This approach is low-cost, scalable and able to support prioritized activities of the national malaria programme.Fil: Macías Saint Gerons, Diego. Universidad de Valencia; EspañaFil: Rodovalho, Sheila. Universidad Federal del Amazonas.; BrasilFil: Barros Dias, Ádila Liliane. Universidad Federal del Amazonas.; BrasilFil: Lacerda Ulysses de Carvalho, André. Pan American Health Organization; BrasilFil: Beratarrechea, Andrea Gabriela. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Monteiro, Wuelton Marcelo. Universidad Federal del Amazonas.; BrasilFil: Barata Machado, Myrna. State of Amazonas Health Surveillance Foundation; BrasilFil: Fernandes da Costa, Cristiano. State of Amazonas Health Surveillance Foundation; BrasilFil: Yoshito Wada, Marcelo. No especifíca;Fil: Maximiano Faria de Almeida, Márcia Helena. No especifíca;Fil: Silva de Matos Fonseca, Rayanne. Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado; BrasilFil: Mota Cordeiro, Jady Shayenne. Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado; BrasilFil: Rodrigues Antolini, Alinne Paula. No especifíca;Fil: Nepomuceno, João Altecir. No especifíca;Fil: Fleck, Karen. Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency; BrasilFil: Simioni Gasparotto, Fernanda. Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency; BrasilFil: Lacerda, Marcus. Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado; BrasilFil: Rojas Cortés, Robin. Pan American Health Organization; Estados UnidosFil: Pal, Shanthi Narayan. No especifíca;Fil: Porrás, Analía I.. Pan American Health Organization; Estados UnidosFil: Ade, María de la Paz. Pan American Health Organization; Estados UnidosFil: Castro, José Luis. Pan American Health Organization; Estados Unido

CARACTERIZAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA E MICROBIOLÓGICA DE BISCOITOS ADICIONADOS DE CENOURA (Daucus Carota L.)

The consumption of ultra-processed foods by the general population has been growing significantly, which negatively impacts health; these foods are produced by industries and usually contain five or more ingredients with nutritionally inadequate composition. In 2020, about 99.7% of Brazilian households consumed cookies, and besides an excellent acceptance in the market, they have a good shelf life and easy nutritional enrichment. Several products made with the use of fruits and vegetables arise as alternatives to obtain a food product with high nutritional content, one of the vegetables that has been integrally used in food preparation is the carrot (Daucus carota L.) characterized by tuberous and edible roots, has high consumption worldwide. This study aims to elaborate cookies using different types of flour plus carrot and determine their physicochemical and microbiological characteristics. Physicochemical parameters were evaluated (moisture content, ash, soluble solids, acidity, lipids, protein and carbohydrates) and microbiological analysis following the current legislation. Although the moisture content was high for two of the samples, the physical-chemical characteristics obtained satisfactory values, resulting in a product of nutritional quality and suitable for consumption. As for the microbiological analyses, the formulations are in accordance with the recommended by the legislation, affirming the good practices in the elaboration of the product. However, more studies are needed to attest its nutritional quality, the acceptability of the cookies by the population in terms of flavor, texture, and aroma, in order to enable the commercialization of the cookies.El consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados por parte de la población general ha ido creciendo significativamente lo que impacta negativamente en la salud, estos alimentos son producidos por industrias generalmente contienen cinco o más ingredientes con composición nutricionalmente inadecuada. En 2020, alrededor del 99,7% de los hogares brasileños consumieron galletas, además de una excelente aceptación en el mercado tienen una buena vida útil, un fácil enriquecimiento nutricional. Varios productos preparados con el uso de frutas y verduras surgen como alternativas para obtener un producto alimenticio con alto contenido nutricional, una de las verduras que se ha utilizado íntegramente en la preparación de alimentos es la zanahoria (Daucus carota L.) caracterizada por raíces tuberosas, comestibles, tiene un alto consumo a nivel mundial. Este estudio tiene como objetivo elaborar galletas utilizando diferentes tipos de harina más zanahoria y determinar sus características físico-químicas, microbiológicas. Se evaluaron parámetros fisicoquímicos (contenido de humedad, cenizas, sólidos solubles, acidez, lípidos, proteínas, carbohidratos) y análisis microbiológicos, siguiendo la legislación vigente. Aunque el contenido de humedad fue elevado para dos de las muestras, las características físico-químicas obtuvieron valores satisfactorios, dando como resultado un producto de calidad nutricional, apto para el consumo. En cuanto a los análisis microbiológicos, las formulaciones son acordes con la legislación, afirmando buenas prácticas en la elaboración del producto. Sin embargo, se necesitan más estudios para dar fe de su calidad nutricional, aceptabilidad de las galletas por parte de la población en los requisitos de sabor, textura, aroma, con el fin de permitir la comercialización de galletas.O consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados pela população em geral vem crescendo expressivamente o que impacta de forma negativa a saúde, esses alimentos são produzidos pelas indústrias e geralmente contém cinco ou mais ingredientes apresentando composição nutricionalmente inadequada. Em 2020, cerca de 99,7% dos lares brasileiros consumiram biscoitos e além de uma excelente aceitação no mercado possuem uma boa vida útil e fácil enriquecimento nutricional. Diversos produtos elaborados com o aproveitamento das frutas e hortaliças surgem como alternativas de se obter um produto alimentício com alto teor nutricional, uma das hortaliças que vem sendo utilizada integralmente no preparo de alimentos é a cenoura (Daucus carota L.) caracterizadas pelas raízes tuberosas e comestíveis, possui alto consumo mundialmente. Este estudo tem como objetivo elaborar biscoitos utilizando diferentes tipos de farinha acrescido de cenoura e determinar sua característica físico-química e microbiológica. Foram avaliados parâmetros físico-químicos (teor de umidade, cinzas, sólidos solúveis, acidez, lipídios, proteína e carboidratos) e análises microbiológicas, seguindo a legislação vigente. Apesar do teor de umidade ter se apresentado alto para duas das amostras, as características físico-químicas obtiveram valores satisfatórios, resultando em um produto de qualidade nutricional e apto para o consumo. Quanto as análises microbiológicas, as formulações se encontram de acordo com o preconizado pela legislação, afirmando as boas práticas na elaboração do produto. No entanto, mais estudos são necessários para atestar sua qualidade nutricional, a aceitabilidade dos biscoitos pela população nos quesitos de sabor, textura e aroma, a fim de viabilizar a comercialização dos biscoitos

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Erratum: Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Interpretation: By quantifying levels and trends in exposures to risk factors and the resulting disease burden, this assessment offers insight into where past policy and programme efforts might have been successful and highlights current priorities for public health action. Decreases in behavioural, environmental, and occupational risks have largely offset the effects of population growth and ageing, in relation to trends in absolute burden. Conversely, the combination of increasing metabolic risks and population ageing will probably continue to drive the increasing trends in non-communicable diseases at the global level, which presents both a public health challenge and opportunity. We see considerable spatiotemporal heterogeneity in levels of risk exposure and risk-attributable burden. Although levels of development underlie some of this heterogeneity, O/E ratios show risks for which countries are overperforming or underperforming relative to their level of development. As such, these ratios provide a benchmarking tool to help to focus local decision making. Our findings reinforce the importance of both risk exposure monitoring and epidemiological research to assess causal connections between risks and health outcomes, and they highlight the usefulness of the GBD study in synthesising data to draw comprehensive and robust conclusions that help to inform good policy and strategic health planning