Melhora atenção a saúde dos escolares de 6 a 15 anos da Escola Municipal Francisco Dantas da ESF de Estivas de Extremoz/RN

O presente estudo teve como objetivo geral melhorar a atenção à Saúde dos escolares matriculados na Escola Municipal Francisco Dantas do ensino fundamental da área adstrita da ESF de Estivas, Extremoz-RN, como objetivos específicos, ampliar a cobertura da atenção á saúde dos escolares, melhora a qualidade do atendimento em saúde dos escolares e saúde na escola, melhora os registros, mapear os escolares com risco para problemas de saúde, promoção a saúde, realizar ações de promoção à saúde e prevenção de doenças nas famílias dos escolares. A metodologia utilizada propõe trabalhar com ações que contemplem todos os componentes que constitui o PSE. As ações foram divididas em avaliação das condições de saúde, promoção da saúde e prevenção de agravos e a formação dos profissionais envolvidos. A intervenção foi realizada durante o período de 12 semanas e contou com a participação de profissionais da equipe da ESF Estivas, com a comunidade escola e também com a participação dos pais e responsáveis dos escolares. Quanto aos resultados, foi realizada uma avaliação quantitativa e qualitativa, através dos registros em fichas de acompanhamento como também a partir das planilhas de coleta de dados. A implantação da intervenção trouxe a principio, muita inquietude por parte dos profissionais, que enxergavam o PSE como sendo um trabalho extra para os profissionais da equipe, uma das limitações encontradas a exemplo, da colaboração da equipe no processo de desenvolvimento da intervenção e da dificuldade com a locomoção, pois existiram momentos que a ida a escola foi em carro próprio. Já referente aos aspectos positivos, destaco a cobertura e qualidade da atenção dispensada à saúde dos escolares, os resultados alcançados durante a intervenção mostra que foi possível presta essa assistência priorizando a qualidade e atingindo 100% do público alvo. Com a implantação da intervenção houve uma mudança no sentimento da comunidade escolar que devido o desenvolvimento da intervenção passou a acredita no trabalho do Programa Saúde na Escola. Contribui com o desenvolvimento da intervenção me possibilitou um crescimento profissional e pessoal impar, pois pode vivenciar o trabalho em equipe com as limitações existentes no município e a partir disto encontra uma maneira de colabora positivamente. Com o desenvolvimento desta intervenção abriu-se o caminho a ser percorrido pela equipe possibilitando que esta intervenção sirva como modelo a ser seguido para todas as escolas da área de abrangência da ESF Estivas

Poloxamer-based Binary Hydrogels For Delivering Tramadol Hydrochloride: Sol-gel Transition Studies, Dissolution-release Kinetics, In Vitro Toxicity, And Pharmacological Evaluation

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)In this work, poloxamer (PL)-based binary hydrogels, composed of PL 407 and PL 188, were studied with regard to the physicochemical aspects of sol-gel transition and pharmaceutical formulation issues such as dissolution-release profiles. In particular, we evaluated the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and in vivo pharmacological performance of PL 407 and PL 407-PL 188 hydrogels containing tramadol (TR) to analyze its potential treatment of acute pain. Drug-micelle interaction studies showed the formation of PL 407-PL 188 binary systems and the drug partitioning into the micelles. Characterization of the sol-gel transition phase showed an increase on enthalpy variation values that were induced by the presence of TR hydrochloride within the PL 407 or PL 407-PL 188 systems. Hydrogel dissolution occurred rapidly, with approximately 30%-45% of the gel dissolved, reaching similar to 80%-90% up to 24 hours. For in vitro release assays, formulations followed the diffusion Higuchi model and lower K-rel values were observed for PL 407 (20%, K-rel = 112.9 +/- 10.6 mu g . h(-1/2)) and its binary systems PL 407-PL 188 (25%-5% and 25%-10%, K-rel = 80.8 +/- 6.1 and 103.4 +/- 8.3 mu g.h(-1/2), respectively) in relation to TR solution (K-rel = 417.9 +/- 47.5 mu g.h(-1/2), P72 hours) pointed to PL-based hydrogels as a potential treatment, by subcutaneous injection, for acute pain.1023912401Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)FAPESP [2006/00121-9, 2010/11475-1, 2010/13088-5]CNPq [487619/2012-9, 300952/2010-4, 309612/2013-6

Desenvolvimento e produção técnico-científica em tempos de pandemia: um relato da liga acadêmica de fundamentos de enfermagem

The aim of this article is to describe an experience report based on the creation and development of the Academic League in a public university in the state of Rio de Janeiro. It is believed that the leagues contribute to the training of undergraduate students, in an attempt to offer different experiences and thus promote meaningful learning. The methodology is characterized as a descriptive study of the experience report type. Observing the results, it was seen that most of the target audience were nursing students, professionals and professors, with an average interaction of 33.4 likes on Instagram© and 108 likes on Youtube©. The academic league of Fundamentals of Nursing is still under construction, intending to bring even more practical and theoretical knowledge, focusing on the fundamental bases of nursing, regarding the training of practical nursing skills, dissemination of knowledge related to care and nursing theories.Objetivou-se nesse artigo descrever um relato de experiência a partir da vivência de criação e desenvolvimento da Liga Acadêmica em uma universidade pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Acredita-se que as ligas contribuam com a formação dos estudantes na graduação, na tentativa de ofertar experiências diversas e assim promover uma aprendizagem significativa. A metodologia se caracteriza como um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência. Observando os resultados, viu-se que a maior parte do público atingido foram estudantes, profissionais e professores de Enfermagem, com uma interação média de 33,4 curtidas no Instagram© e 108 curtidas no Youtube©. liga acadêmica de Fundamentos de Enfermagem ainda se encontra em construção pretendendo trazer ainda mais conhecimentos práticos, teóricos, com foco nas bases fundamentais de enfermagem, no que tange ao treinamento das habilidades práticas de enfermagem, disseminação dos conhecimentos relacionados ao cuidar e teorias de enfermagem

Desenvolvimento e produção técnico-científica em tempos de pandemia: um relato da liga acadêmica de fundamentos de enfermagem

The aim of this article is to describe an experience report based on the creation and development of the Academic League in a public university in the state of Rio de Janeiro. It is believed that the leagues contribute to the training of undergraduate students, in an attempt to offer different experiences and thus promote meaningful learning. The methodology is characterized as a descriptive study of the experience report type. Observing the results, it was seen that most of the target audience were nursing students, professionals and professors, with an average interaction of 33.4 likes on Instagram© and 108 likes on Youtube©. The academic league of Fundamentals of Nursing is still under construction, intending to bring even more practical and theoretical knowledge, focusing on the fundamental bases of nursing, regarding the training of practical nursing skills, dissemination of knowledge related to care and nursing theories.Objetivou-se nesse artigo descrever um relato de experiência a partir da vivência de criação e desenvolvimento da Liga Acadêmica em uma universidade pública do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Acredita-se que as ligas contribuam com a formação dos estudantes na graduação, na tentativa de ofertar experiências diversas e assim promover uma aprendizagem significativa. A metodologia se caracteriza como um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência. Observando os resultados, viu-se que a maior parte do público atingido foram estudantes, profissionais e professores de Enfermagem, com uma interação média de 33,4 curtidas no Instagram© e 108 curtidas no Youtube©. liga acadêmica de Fundamentos de Enfermagem ainda se encontra em construção pretendendo trazer ainda mais conhecimentos práticos, teóricos, com foco nas bases fundamentais de enfermagem, no que tange ao treinamento das habilidades práticas de enfermagem, disseminação dos conhecimentos relacionados ao cuidar e teorias de enfermagem

Offer of primary care services and detection of tuberculosis incidence in Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between the health services offered by primary care teams and the detection of new tuberculosis cases in Brazil. METHODS: This was an ecological study covering all Brazilian municipalities that registered at least one new tuberculosis case (diagnosed between 2012 to 2014 and notified in the Information System of Notifiable Diseases) and with at least one primary care team evaluated by the second cycle of the National Program for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ-AB). The variables of the PMAQ-AB were classified as proximal or distal, according to their relation with the tuberculosis diagnosis. Then, they were tested hierarchically in multiple models (adjusted by States) using negative binomial regression. RESULTS: An increase of 10% in the primary health care coverage was associated with a decrease of 2.24% in the tuberculosis detection rate (95%CI -3.35– -1.11). Regarding the proximal variables in relation to diagnosis, in the multiple model, the detection of tuberculosis was associated with the proportion of teams that conduct contact investigation (increase in Incidence Rate Ratio [IRR] = 2.97%, 95%CI 2.41–3.53), carry out tuberculosis active case finding (increase in IRR = 2.17%, 95%CI 1.48–2.87), and request culture for mycobacteria (increase in IRR = 1.87%, 95%CI 0.98–2.76). CONCLUSIONS: The variables related to the search actions were positively associated with the detection of new tuberculosis cases, which suggests a significant contribution to the strengthening of the sensitivity of the surveillance system. On the other hand, primary care coverage was inversely associated with the tuberculosis detection rate, which could represent the overall effect of the primary care on transmission control, probably from the identification and early treatment of cases.OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associação entre os serviços de saúde ofertados por equipes de atenção básica e a detecção de casos novos de tuberculose no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Estudo ecológico, abrangendo todos os municípios brasileiros que registraram pelo menos um caso novo de tuberculose (diagnosticado entre 2012 a 2014 e notificado no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação) e com pelo menos uma equipe de atenção básica avaliada pelo segundo ciclo do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB). As variáveis do PMAQ-AB foram classificadas como próximais ou distais, segundo a sua relação com o diagnóstico de tuberculose. Em seguida, foram testadas hierarquicamente em modelos múltiplos (ajustados por Unidade Federada), usando regressão binomial negativa. RESULTADOS: Um incremento de 10% na cobertura da atenção básica esteve associado à redução de 2,24% na taxa de detecção de tuberculose (IC95% -3,35– -1,11). No que se refere às variáveis proximais ao diagnóstico, no modelo múltiplo, a detecção da tuberculose esteve associada à proporção de equipes que: realizam vigilância de contatos (incremento na Razão de Taxas de Incidência [RTI] = 2,97%; IC95% 2,41–3,53); fazem busca ativa de casos de tuberculose (incremento na RTI = 2,17%; IC95% 1,48–2,87); e, ofertam cultura para micobactérias (incremento na RTI = 1,87%; IC95% 0,98–2,76). CONCLUSÕES: As variáveis relacionadas às ações de detecção estiveram positivamente associadas à detecção de casos novos de tuberculose, sugerindo uma contribuição significativa ao fortalecimento da sensibilidade do sistema de vigilância. Por outro lado, a cobertura da atenção básica esteve inversamente associada à taxa de detecção de tuberculose, o que poderia representar o efeito global da atenção básica sobre o controle da transmissão, provavelmente, através da identificação e tratamento precoce de casos

Germline HOXB13 mutations p.G84E and p.R217C do not confer an increased breast cancer risk

In breast cancer, high levels of homeobox protein Hox-B13 (HOXB13) have been associated with disease progression of ER-positive breast cancer patients and resistance to tamoxifen treatment. Since HOXB13 p.G84E is a prostate cancer risk allele, we evaluated the association between HOXB13 germline mutations and breast cancer risk in a previous study consisting of 3,270 familial non-BRCA1/2 breast cancer cases and 2,327 controls from the Netherlands. Although both recurrent HOXB13 mutations p.G84E and p.R217C were not associated with breast cancer risk, the risk estimation for p.R217C was not very precise. To provide more conclusive evidence regarding the role of HOXB13 in breast cancer susceptibility, we here evaluated the association between HOXB13 mutations and increased breast cancer risk within 81 studies of the international Breast Cancer Association Consortium containing 68,521 invasive breast cancer patients and 54,865 controls. Both HOXB13 p.G84E and p.R217C did not associate with the development of breast cancer in European women, neither in the overall analysis (OR = 1.035, 95% CI = 0.859-1.246, P = 0.718 and OR = 0.798, 95% CI = 0.482-1.322, P = 0.381 respectively), nor in specific high-risk subgroups or breast cancer subtypes. Thus, although involved in breast cancer progression, HOXB13 is not a material breast cancer susceptibility gene.Peer reviewe

Transcriptome-wide association study of breast cancer risk by estrogen-receptor status

Previous transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) have identified breast cancer risk genes by integrating data from expression quantitative loci and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but analyses of breast cancer subtype-specific associations have been limited. In this study, we conducted a TWAS using gene expression data from GTEx and summary statistics from the hitherto largest GWAS meta-analysis conducted for breast cancer overall, and by estrogen receptor subtypes (ER+ and ER-). We further compared associations with ER+ and ER- subtypes, using a case-only TWAS approach. We also conducted multigene conditional analyses in regions with multiple TWAS associations. Two genes, STXBP4 and HIST2H2BA, were specifically associated with ER+ but not with ER- breast cancer. We further identified 30 TWAS-significant genes associated with overall breast cancer risk, including four that were not identified in previous studies. Conditional analyses identified single independent breast-cancer gene in three of six regions harboring multiple TWAS-significant genes. Our study provides new information on breast cancer genetics and biology, particularly about genomic differences between ER+ and ER- breast cancer.Peer reviewe

A case-only study to identify genetic modifiers of breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers.

Breast cancer (BC) risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers varies by genetic and familial factors. About 50 common variants have been shown to modify BC risk for mutation carriers. All but three, were identified in general population studies. Other mutation carrier-specific susceptibility variants may exist but studies of mutation carriers have so far been underpowered. We conduct a novel case-only genome-wide association study comparing genotype frequencies between 60,212 general population BC cases and 13,007 cases with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. We identify robust novel associations for 2 variants with BC for BRCA1 and 3 for BRCA2 mutation carriers, P < 10-8, at 5 loci, which are not associated with risk in the general population. They include rs60882887 at 11p11.2 where MADD, SP11 and EIF1, genes previously implicated in BC biology, are predicted as potential targets. These findings will contribute towards customising BC polygenic risk scores for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers

A social and ecological assessment of tropical land uses at multiple scales: the Sustainable Amazon Network

Science has a critical role to play in guiding more sustainable development trajectories. Here, we present the Sustainable Amazon Network (Rede Amazonia Sustentavel, RAS): a multidisciplinary research initiative involving more than 30 partner organizations working to assess both social and ecological dimensions of land-use sustainability in eastern Brazilian Amazonia. The research approach adopted by RAS offers three advantages for addressing land-use sustainability problems: (i) the collection of synchronized and co-located ecological and socioeconomic data across broad gradients of past and present human use; (ii) a nested sampling design to aid comparison of ecological and socioeconomic conditions associated with different land uses across local, landscape and regional scales; and (iii) a strong engagement with a wide variety of actors and non-research institutions. Here, we elaborate on these key features, and identify the ways in which RAS can help in highlighting those problems in most urgent need of attention, and in guiding improvements in land-use sustainability in Amazonia and elsewhere in the tropics. We also discuss some of the practical lessons, limitations and realities faced during the development of the RAS initiative so far.Keywords: Social–ecological systems, Tropical forests, Land use, Interdisciplinary research, Sustainability, Trade-off

The FANCM:p.Arg658* truncating variant is associated with risk of triple-negative breast cancer.

Breast cancer is a common disease partially caused by genetic risk factors. Germline pathogenic variants in DNA repair genes BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, ATM, and CHEK2 are associated with breast cancer risk. FANCM, which encodes for a DNA translocase, has been proposed as a breast cancer predisposition gene, with greater effects for the ER-negative and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes. We tested the three recurrent protein-truncating variants FANCM:p.Arg658*, p.Gln1701*, and p.Arg1931* for association with breast cancer risk in 67,112 cases, 53,766 controls, and 26,662 carriers of pathogenic variants of BRCA1 or BRCA2. These three variants were also studied functionally by measuring survival and chromosome fragility in FANCM -/- patient-derived immortalized fibroblasts treated with diepoxybutane or olaparib. We observed that FANCM:p.Arg658* was associated with increased risk of ER-negative disease and TNBC (OR = 2.44, P = 0.034 and OR = 3.79; P = 0.009, respectively). In a country-restricted analysis, we confirmed the associations detected for FANCM:p.Arg658* and found that also FANCM:p.Arg1931* was associated with ER-negative breast cancer risk (OR = 1.96; P = 0.006). The functional results indicated that all three variants were deleterious affecting cell survival and chromosome stability with FANCM:p.Arg658* causing more severe phenotypes. In conclusion, we confirmed that the two rare FANCM deleterious variants p.Arg658* and p.Arg1931* are risk factors for ER-negative and TNBC subtypes. Overall our data suggest that the effect of truncating variants on breast cancer risk may depend on their position in the gene. Cell sensitivity to olaparib exposure, identifies a possible therapeutic option to treat FANCM-associated tumors