Libro: Las Ciencias Políticas y Sociales ante Contingencias de Amplio Impacto. Incógnitas y Propuestas

Ciencia Política, Administración Pública, Política y Gobierno, y Políticas Públicas. Licencia Creative Commons License 3.0 Reconocimiento-No Comercial-Sin Obras Derivadas. Usted es libre de copiar, distribuir y comunicar públicamente la obra bajo las condiciones siguientes: Reconocimiento - Debe reconocer los créditos de la obra de la manera especificada por el autor o el licenciador (pero no de una manera que sugiera que tiene su apoyo o apoyan el uso que hace de su obra). No comercial - No puede utilizar esta obra para fines comerciales. Sin obras derivadas - No se puede alterar, transformar o generar una obra derivada a partir de esta obra.Se analizan desde una perspectiva internacional a interdisciplinaria las vertientes, problemas, incógnitas y propuestas ante una nueva realidad o normalidad, resultado y consecuencia de la pandemia que se vive de manera contemporánea, de tal manera que la problematización abordada realimente propuestas, acciones y rutas adecuadas y satisfactorias que permitan la construcción de futuros promisorios.Academia Internacional de Ciencias Político-Administrativas y Estudios de Futuro, A.C. (IAPAS por sus siglas en inglés)

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Impacts of the Tropical Pacific/Indian Oceans on the Seasonal Cycle of the West African Monsoon

The current consensus is that drought has developed in the Sahel during the second half of the twentieth century as a result of remote effects of oceanic anomalies amplified by local land–atmosphere interactions. This paper focuses on the impacts of oceanic anomalies upon West African climate and specifically aims to identify those from SST anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Oceans during spring and summer seasons, when they were significant. Idealized sensitivity experiments are performed with four atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). The prescribed SST patterns used in the AGCMs are based on the leading mode of covariability between SST anomalies over the Pacific/Indian Oceans and summer rainfall over West Africa. The results show that such oceanic anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Ocean lead to a northward shift of an anomalous dry belt from the Gulf of Guinea to the Sahel as the season advances. In the Sahel, the magnitude of rainfall anomalies is comparable to that obtained by other authors using SST anomalies confined to the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean. The mechanism connecting the Pacific/Indian SST anomalies with West African rainfall has a strong seasonal cycle. In spring (May and June), anomalous subsidence develops over both the Maritime Continent and the equatorial Atlantic in response to the enhanced equatorial heating. Precipitation increases over continental West Africa in association with stronger zonal convergence of moisture. In addition, precipitation decreases over the Gulf of Guinea. During the monsoon peak (July and August), the SST anomalies move westward over the equatorial Pacific and the two regions where subsidence occurred earlier in the seasons merge over West Africa. The monsoon weakens and rainfall decreases over the Sahel, especially in August.Peer reviewe

Search for heavy resonances decaying to two Higgs bosons in final states containing four b quarks

A search is presented for narrow heavy resonances X decaying into pairs of Higgs bosons (H) in proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at root s = 8 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb(-1). The search considers HH resonances with masses between 1 and 3 TeV, having final states of two b quark pairs. Each Higgs boson is produced with large momentum, and the hadronization products of the pair of b quarks can usually be reconstructed as single large jets. The background from multijet and t (t) over bar events is significantly reduced by applying requirements related to the flavor of the jet, its mass, and its substructure. The signal would be identified as a peak on top of the dijet invariant mass spectrum of the remaining background events. No evidence is observed for such a signal. Upper limits obtained at 95 confidence level for the product of the production cross section and branching fraction sigma(gg -> X) B(X -> HH -> b (b) over barb (b) over bar) range from 10 to 1.5 fb for the mass of X from 1.15 to 2.0 TeV, significantly extending previous searches. For a warped extra dimension theory with amass scale Lambda(R) = 1 TeV, the data exclude radion scalar masses between 1.15 and 1.55 TeV

Measurement of the top quark mass using charged particles in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

Peer reviewe

Search for anomalous production of events with three or more leptons in pp collisions at √s = 8TeV

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published articles title, journal citation, and DOI.A search for physics beyond the standard model in events with at least three leptons is presented. The data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.5fb-1 of proton-proton collisions with center-of-mass energy s=8TeV, was collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC during 2012. The data are divided into exclusive categories based on the number of leptons and their flavor, the presence or absence of an opposite-sign, same-flavor lepton pair (OSSF), the invariant mass of the OSSF pair, the presence or absence of a tagged bottom-quark jet, the number of identified hadronically decaying τ leptons, and the magnitude of the missing transverse energy and of the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta. The numbers of observed events are found to be consistent with the expected numbers from standard model processes, and limits are placed on new-physics scenarios that yield multilepton final states. In particular, scenarios that predict Higgs boson production in the context of supersymmetric decay chains are examined. We also place a 95% confidence level upper limit of 1.3% on the branching fraction for the decay of a top quark to a charm quark and a Higgs boson (t→cH), which translates to a bound on the left- and right-handed top-charm flavor-violating Higgs Yukawa couplings, λtcH and λctH, respectively, of |λtcH|2+|λctH|2<0.21

Desparasitación selectiva Dirigida (DSD) en cabras

La elaboración de estas tecnologías fue financiada por el Programa de Fomento Ganadero 2014, componente Sistemas Producto Pecuarios, como parte del Plan Anual de Fortalecimiento 2014 del Comité Nacional Sistema Producto Caprinos, administrado por la Confederación Nacional de Organizaciones Ganaderas. Leonel Martínez Rojas, facilitador del CNSP Caprinos se encargó de supervisar el proceso. La información y las opiniones emitidas en este documento son responsabilidad de los autores y pueden diferir de las del CNSP Caprinos. Las fotografías y las figuras son de la autoría intelectual de los mismos, excepto cuando se mencionen específicamente otras fuentes o autores.Los rumiantes que padecen infecciones severas de nematodos gastrointestinales (NGI) manifiestan signos clínicos como diarrea, pérdida de peso, cuello de botella (edema mandibular), anemia, debilidad y muerte. En la actualidad, el control de los problemas por NGI se basa en el uso de antihelmínticos (AH) comerciales, repetidamente a todos los animales del rebaño. El uso frecuente y descontrolado de los AH ha provocado la aparición de NGI resistentes a los tres grupos de AH. El problema de parásitos resistentes a las drogas es un problema mundial que también se presenta en los rebaños caprinos de México (véase la tecnología Diagnóstico de la Resistencia a los Antihelmínticos en Nematodos Parásitos de Caprinos). Para evitar la aparición de NGI resistentes a los AH es necesario reducir el uso de AH en los animales de los rebaños caprinos. Para esto se están desarrollando sistemas de desparasitación que se basan en tratar farmacológicamente únicamente a aquellas cabras que realmente estén infectadas. Es decir, se busca evitar desparasitar a aquellas cabras que tienen infecciones moderadas o bajas de NGI.Ruminants suffering from severe gastrointestinal nematode infections (GIN) manifest clinical signs such as diarrhea, weight loss, bottleneck (jaw edema), anemia, weakness and death. Currently, control of NGI problems is based on the use of commercial anthelmintics (HA), repeatedly to all animals in the herd. Frequent and uncontrolled use of HAs has led to the emergence of NGI resistant to all three groups of HAs. HA groups. The problem of drug-resistant parasites is a worldwide problem that also occurs in Mexican goat herds (see technology Diagnosis of Anthelmintic Resistance in Parasitic Nematodes of Goats). To avoid the emergence of HA-resistant NGI, it is necessary to reduce the use of HA in goat herd animals. For this purpose, deworming systems are being developed that are based on pharmacologically treating only those goats that are actually infected. In other words, the aim is to avoid deworming those goats that have moderate or low infections of NGI.Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica.Escuela de Medicina Veterinari