Ground State Properties of an Asymmetric Hubbard Model for Unbalanced Ultracold Fermionic Quantum Gases

In order to describe unbalanced ultracold fermionic quantum gases on optical lattices in a harmonic trap, we investigate an attractive ($U<0$) asymmetric ($t_\uparrow\neq t_\downarrow$) Hubbard model with a Zeeman-like magnetic field. In view of the model's spatial inhomogeneity, we focus in this paper on the solution at Hartree-Fock level. The Hartree-Fock Hamiltonian is diagonalized with particular emphasis on superfluid phases. For the special case of spin-independent hopping we analytically determine the number of solutions of the resulting self-consistency equations and the nature of the possible ground states at weak coupling. Numerical results for unbalanced Fermi-mixtures are presented within the local density approximation. In particular, we find a fascinating shell structure, involving normal and superfluid phases. For the general case of spin-dependent hopping we calculate the density of states and the possible superfluid phases in the ground state. In particular, we find a new magnetized superfluid phase.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

An Origin of CMR: Competing Phases and Disorder-Induced Insulator-to-Metal Transition in Manganites

We theoretically explore the mechanism of the colossal magnetoresistance in manganese oxides by explicitly taking into account the phase competition between the double-exchange ferromagnetism and the charge-ordered insulator. We find that quenched disorder causes a drastic change of the multicritical phase diagram by destroying the charge-ordered state selectively. As a result, there appears a nontrivial phenomenon of the disorder-induced insulator-to-metal transition in the multicritical regime. On the contrary, the disorder induces a highly-insulating state above the transition temperature where charge-ordering fluctuations are much enhanced. The contrasting effects provide an understanding of the mechanism of the colossal magnetoresistance. The obtained scenario is discussed in comparison with other theoretical proposals such as the polaron theory, the Anderson localization, the multicritical-fluctuation scenario, and the percolation scenario.Comment: 16 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Wandlitz Days on Magnetism: Local-Moment Ferromagnets: Unique Properties for Modern Application

Elliptic flow of charged particles in Pb-Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV

We report the first measurement of charged particle elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The measurement is performed in the central pseudorapidity region (|$\eta$|<0.8) and transverse momentum range 0.2< $p_{\rm T}$< 5.0 GeV/$c$. The elliptic flow signal v$_2$, measured using the 4-particle correlation method, averaged over transverse momentum and pseudorapidity is 0.087 $\pm$ 0.002 (stat) $\pm$ 0.004 (syst) in the 40-50% centrality class. The differential elliptic flow v$_2(p_{\rm T})$ reaches a maximum of 0.2 near $p_{\rm T}$ = 3 GeV/$c$. Compared to RHIC Au-Au collisions at 200 GeV, the elliptic flow increases by about 30%. Some hydrodynamic model predictions which include viscous corrections are in agreement with the observed increase.Comment: 10 pages, 4 captioned figures, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/389

ATLAS sensitivity to top quark and W boson polarization in ttˉt\bar{t} events

Stringent tests on top quark production and decay mechanisms are provided by the measurement of the top quark and W boson polarization. This paper presents a detailed study of these two measurements with the ATLAS detector, in the semileptonic (ttbar -> W W b bbar -> l nu j1 j2 b bbar) and dileptonic (ttbar -> W W b bbar -> l nu l nu b bbar) ttbar channels. It is based on leading-order Monte Carlo generators and on a fast simulation of the detector. A particular attention is paid to the systematic uncertainties, which dominate the statistical errors after one LHC year at low luminosity (10 fb^{-1}), and to the background estimate. Combining results from both channel studies, the longitudinal component of the W polarization (F\_0) can be measured with a 2% accuracy and the right-handed component (F\_R) with a 1% precision with 10 fb^{-1}. Even though the top quarks in ttbar pairs are not polarized, a large asymmetry is expected within the Standard Model in the like-spin versus unlike-spin pair production. A 4% precision on this asymmetry measurement is possible with 10 fb^{-1}, after combining results from both channel studies. These promising results are converted in a sensitivity to new physics, such as tWb anomalous couplings, top decay to charged Higgs boson, or new s-channels (heavy resonance, gravitons) in ttbar production.Comment: 41+2 pages, 20 figures, ATLAS scientific note SN-ATLAS-2005-05

Higher harmonic anisotropic flow measurements of charged particles in Pb-Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV

We report on the first measurement of the triangular $v_3$, quadrangular $v_4$, and pentagonal $v_5$ charged particle flow in Pb-Pb collisions at 2.76 TeV measured with the ALICE detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. We show that the triangular flow can be described in terms of the initial spatial anisotropy and its fluctuations, which provides strong constraints on its origin. In the most central events, where the elliptic flow $v_2$ and $v_3$ have similar magnitude, a double peaked structure in the two-particle azimuthal correlations is observed, which is often interpreted as a Mach cone response to fast partons. We show that this structure can be naturally explained from the measured anisotropic flow Fourier coefficients.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/387

Pseudorapidity dependence of the anisotropic flow of charged particles in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV

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