Caracterización de sistemas de producción del guajolote (Meleagris gallopavo gallopavo) de traspatio en las regiones fisiográficas del estado de Michoacán, México

En este trabajo se caracterizaron unidades de producción (UP) de traspatio de guajolote doméstico en las cinco regiones fisiográficas del estado de Michoacán. La meleagricultura de traspatio se lleva a cabo en todas las regiones fisiográficas del estado, con UP promedio de 7.20 a 14.80 aves. La relación hembra/macho es de 1.69 a 3.69 hembras por macho. De acuerdo a la coloración del plumaje, se encontraron las variedades Bronceado, Narrangansett, Palma Real, Negro español, Slate o plateado y Buffy (café o rojo) y otros colores que no se pudieron asignar a las variedades descritas. El peso en adultos mayores de 12 meses fue de 6.70 a 8.90 kg machos y 2.90 a 4.35 kg hembras. Las aves más pesadas se localizaron en las regiones de clima templado. Las hembras anidan 2 a 3 veces por año, produciendo de 12 a 15 huevos por evento con nacimientos de 10 a 12 pavipollos por evento. El 94.3 % de las unidades son no tecnificadas, con incorporación de algunas prácticas de manejo mejorado, como utilización de alimento balanceado en pavipollos hasta los dos meses de edad, poco o nulo esquema de vacunación y sin utilización de variedades "mejoradas", lo que indica que el tipo genético de guajolote es autóctono y es un fondo genético propio

Taklobo Tours: Conservation, Tourism and Livelihood Opportunities in the Island Garden City of Samal, Southern Philippines

Taklobo Tours was launched in 2013 at Adecor, Samal Island, Southern Philippines, to promote giant clam conservation, ecotourism, and provide livelihood to 19 fisherfolk beneficiaries. This is to address the observations that coastal communities in Barangay Adecor and other areas in Region XI have violated RA 8550 on the rules and regulations of the CITES-listed species, Tridacna spp., and that fisherfolk have low income. This study aims to determine the impacts of Taklobo Tours to conservation, tourism, and livelihood of beneficiaries. Qualitative and quantitative data from 2013 to 2015 were used to analyze and describe the impacts. On top of the existing in-situ conservation of giant clams in a marine protected area (MPA), capacity building, conservation advocacy, policy support, and site development were among the site interventions. To date, the beneficiaries have increased their level of participation as conservation advocates, violations are no longer observed in the barangay, and communities have shown strong support for the advocacy. Being the banner tourism project of the local government, it has an increasing number of guests from 284 per month in 2013 to 700 per month in 2015, but usually higher during peak months of April and May. A total of 11,611 local and international guests visited and contributed to the income from fees amounting to PhP835,195.00. This provided additional income of PhP50 to PhP700 per month in 2013 and PhP500 to PhP4,800 per month in 2015 to the beneficiaries and sustainability fund to the project. This remarkable journey was made possible through the strong partnership of academe with local government units of Island Garden City of Samal and Adecor for technical assistance, promotion, management, and legislations. Regular monitoring is recommended to ensure project sustainability

Revisión bibliográfica: manejo del Trauma Penetrante de Abdomen

El trauma de abdomen es uno de los principales causas de morbilidad a nivel mundial. Las lesiones graves producto de este, son una de las primeras causas de discapacidad en todo el mundo. Anteriormente, durante muchos años la laparotomía de rutina para todas las heridas abdominales potencialmente penetrantes era el estándar de oro, hoy en día la disponibilidad diversas  tecnologías y estudios permiten tener un abordaje distinto según el estado del paciente, y por ende el tratamiento quirúrgico está basado principalmente en los hallazgos clínicos y en los parámetros hemodinámicos. En la siguiente revisión bibliográfica se abordará el manejo del trauma penetrante de abdomen

Immunogenicity of PvCyRPA, PvCelTOS and Pvs25 chimeric recombinant protein of Plasmodium vivax in murine model

In the Americas, P. vivax is the predominant causative species of malaria, a debilitating and economically significant disease. Due to the complexity of the malaria parasite life cycle, a vaccine formulation with multiple antigens expressed in various parasite stages may represent an effective approach. Based on this, we previously designed and constructed a chimeric recombinant protein, PvRMC-1, composed by PvCyRPA, PvCelTOS, and Pvs25 epitopes. This chimeric protein was strongly recognized by naturally acquired antibodies from exposed population in the Brazilian Amazon. However, there was no investigation about the induced immune response of PvRMC-1. Therefore, in this work, we evaluated the immunogenicity of this chimeric antigen formulated in three distinct adjuvants: Stimune, AddaVax or Aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) in BALB/c mice. Our results suggested that the chimeric protein PvRMC-1 were capable to generate humoral and cellular responses across all three formulations. Antibodies recognized full-length PvRMC-1 and linear B-cell epitopes from PvCyRPA, PvCelTOS, and Pvs25 individually. Moreover, mice’s splenocytes were activated, producing IFN-γ in response to PvCelTOS and PvCyRPA peptide epitopes, affirming T-cell epitopes in the antigen. While aluminum hydroxide showed notable cellular response, Stimune and Addavax induced a more comprehensive immune response, encompassing both cellular and humoral components. Thus, our findings indicate that PvRMC-1 would be a promising multistage vaccine candidate that could advance to further preclinical studies

Utilization of mechanical power and associations with clinical outcomes in brain injured patients: a secondary analysis of the extubation strategies in neuro-intensive care unit patients and associations with outcome (ENIO) trial

Background: There is insufficient evidence to guide ventilatory targets in acute brain injury (ABI). Recent studies have shown associations between mechanical power (MP) and mortality in critical care populations. We aimed to describe MP in ventilated patients with ABI, and evaluate associations between MP and clinical outcomes. Methods: In this preplanned, secondary analysis of a prospective, multi-center, observational cohort study (ENIO, NCT03400904), we included adult patients with ABI (Glasgow Coma Scale ≤ 12 before intubation) who required mechanical ventilation (MV) ≥ 24 h. Using multivariable log binomial regressions, we separately assessed associations between MP on hospital day (HD)1, HD3, HD7 and clinical outcomes: hospital mortality, need for reintubation, tracheostomy placement, and development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Results: We included 1217 patients (mean age 51.2 years [SD 18.1], 66% male, mean body mass index [BMI] 26.3 [SD 5.18]) hospitalized at 62 intensive care units in 18 countries. Hospital mortality was 11% (n = 139), 44% (n = 536) were extubated by HD7 of which 20% (107/536) required reintubation, 28% (n = 340) underwent tracheostomy placement, and 9% (n = 114) developed ARDS. The median MP on HD1, HD3, and HD7 was 11.9 J/min [IQR 9.2-15.1], 13 J/min [IQR 10-17], and 14 J/min [IQR 11-20], respectively. MP was overall higher in patients with ARDS, especially those with higher ARDS severity. After controlling for same-day pressure of arterial oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen (P/F ratio), BMI, and neurological severity, MP at HD1, HD3, and HD7 was independently associated with hospital mortality, reintubation and tracheostomy placement. The adjusted relative risk (aRR) was greater at higher MP, and strongest for: mortality on HD1 (compared to the HD1 median MP 11.9 J/min, aRR at 17 J/min was 1.22, 95% CI 1.14-1.30) and HD3 (1.38, 95% CI 1.23-1.53), reintubation on HD1 (1.64; 95% CI 1.57-1.72), and tracheostomy on HD7 (1.53; 95%CI 1.18-1.99). MP was associated with the development of moderate-severe ARDS on HD1 (2.07; 95% CI 1.56-2.78) and HD3 (1.76; 95% CI 1.41-2.22). Conclusions: Exposure to high MP during the first week of MV is associated with poor clinical outcomes in ABI, independent of P/F ratio and neurological severity. Potential benefits of optimizing ventilator settings to limit MP warrant further investigation

Una mirada prospectiva de la industria Risaraldense camino a la industria 4.0 : plan tecnológico 2020–2030 Centro de Diseño e Innovación Tecnológico Industrial

Se presenta el plan tecnológico del Centro de Diseño e Innovación Tecnológico Industrial del SENA para la vigencia 2002 - 2030. Comprende el análisis y diagnóstico de la industria risaraldense, sus necesidades y tendencias, con enfoque a la industria 4.0. Se provee información para: identificar tecnologías y ocupaciones emergentes que permitan anticipar la definición de perfiles de instructores, determinar requerimientos de modernización de infraestructura física y tecnológica del Centro de formación, actualizar, crear o eliminar programas de formación, establecer el tipo de formación, servicios tecnológicos e innovación que el centro de formación ofrecerá en un horizonte de 10 años e identificar los proyectos y actores estratégicos para el centro de formación.The technological plan of the SENA Industrial Technological Design and Innovation Center for the period 2002-2030 is presented. It includes the analysis and diagnosis of the Risaralda industry, its needs and trends, with a focus on industry 4.0. Information is provided to: identify emerging technologies and occupations that allow anticipating the definition of instructor profiles, determine modernization requirements of the physical and technological infrastructure of the Training Center, update, create or eliminate training programs, establish the type of training, services technology and innovation that the training center will offer over a 10-year horizon and identify projects and strategic actors for the training center.Fase I: análisis y diagnóstico estratégico -- Análisis externo del centro de formación -- Análisis interno del centro de formación -- Seguimiento al plan tecnológico inmediatamente anterior -- Cruce DOFA -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad energía eléctrica -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad electrónica y automatización -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad Mecánica Industrial -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad Informática, diseño y desarrollo de software -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad materiales para la industria -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad Automotor -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad Textil, confección y diseño -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva especialidad construcción e infraestructura -- Vigilancia científico -tecnológica y competitiva servicios tecnológicos -- Fase II: formulación estratégica -- Mapa de trayectoria tecnológica -- Validación con expertos -- Construcción de escenarios -- Formulación estratégica -- Métodos prospectivos utilizados -- Formulación estratégica -- Fase III: recomendaciones estratégicas -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad energía eléctrica -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad electrónica y automatización -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad mecánica industrial -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad Informática, diseño y desarrollo de software -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad materiales para la industria -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad Automotor -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad Textil, confección y diseño -- Recomendaciones estratégicas especialidad construcción e infraestructura -- Recomendaciones estratégicas Sennova -- Servicios tecnológicos -- Introducción e información general -- Planteamiento de la necesidad u oportunidad -- Objetivos -- Desarrollo de la vigilancia científico-tecnológica -- Resultados de vigilancia tecnológica con base en análisis de patentes -- Identificación de tecnologías y sublíneas tecnológicas -- Comportamiento de los aceros -- Vigilancia normativa y regulatoria -- Vigilancia tecnológica -- Vigilancia competitiva -- Vigilancia comercial -- Resultados -- Conclusiones y recomendacionesna556 página

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Albiglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (Harmony Outcomes): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists differ in chemical structure, duration of action, and in their effects on clinical outcomes. The cardiovascular effects of once-weekly albiglutide in type 2 diabetes are unknown. We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of albiglutide in preventing cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Methods: We did a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 610 sites across 28 countries. We randomly assigned patients aged 40 years and older with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (at a 1:1 ratio) to groups that either received a subcutaneous injection of albiglutide (30–50 mg, based on glycaemic response and tolerability) or of a matched volume of placebo once a week, in addition to their standard care. Investigators used an interactive voice or web response system to obtain treatment assignment, and patients and all study investigators were masked to their treatment allocation. We hypothesised that albiglutide would be non-inferior to placebo for the primary outcome of the first occurrence of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, which was assessed in the intention-to-treat population. If non-inferiority was confirmed by an upper limit of the 95% CI for a hazard ratio of less than 1·30, closed testing for superiority was prespecified. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02465515. Findings: Patients were screened between July 1, 2015, and Nov 24, 2016. 10 793 patients were screened and 9463 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to groups: 4731 patients were assigned to receive albiglutide and 4732 patients to receive placebo. On Nov 8, 2017, it was determined that 611 primary endpoints and a median follow-up of at least 1·5 years had accrued, and participants returned for a final visit and discontinuation from study treatment; the last patient visit was on March 12, 2018. These 9463 patients, the intention-to-treat population, were evaluated for a median duration of 1·6 years and were assessed for the primary outcome. The primary composite outcome occurred in 338 (7%) of 4731 patients at an incidence rate of 4·6 events per 100 person-years in the albiglutide group and in 428 (9%) of 4732 patients at an incidence rate of 5·9 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·78, 95% CI 0·68–0·90), which indicated that albiglutide was superior to placebo (p<0·0001 for non-inferiority; p=0·0006 for superiority). The incidence of acute pancreatitis (ten patients in the albiglutide group and seven patients in the placebo group), pancreatic cancer (six patients in the albiglutide group and five patients in the placebo group), medullary thyroid carcinoma (zero patients in both groups), and other serious adverse events did not differ between the two groups. There were three (<1%) deaths in the placebo group that were assessed by investigators, who were masked to study drug assignment, to be treatment-related and two (<1%) deaths in the albiglutide group. Interpretation: In patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, albiglutide was superior to placebo with respect to major adverse cardiovascular events. Evidence-based glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists should therefore be considered as part of a comprehensive strategy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Funding: GlaxoSmithKline