270 research outputs found
A microscopic 2D lattice model of dimer granular compaction with friction
We study by Monte Carlo simulation the compaction dynamics of hard dimers in
2D under the action of gravity, subjected to vertical and horizontal shaking,
considering also the case in which a friction force acts for horizontal
displacements of the dimers. These forces are modeled by introducing effective
probabilities for all kinds of moves of the particles. We analyze the dynamics
for different values of the time during which the shaking is applied to
the system and for different intensities of the forces. It turns out that the
density evolution in time follows a stretched exponential behavior if is
not very large, while a power law tail develops for larger values of .
Moreover, in the absence of friction, a critical value exists which
signals the crossover between two different regimes: for the
asymptotic density scales with a power law of , while for
it reaches logarithmically a maximal saturation value. Such behavior smears out
when a finite friction force is present. In this situation the dynamics is
slower and lower asymptotic densities are attained. In particular, for
significant friction forces, the final density decreases linearly with the
friction coefficient. We also compare the frictionless single tap dynamics to
the sequential tapping dynamics, observing in the latter case an inverse
logarithmic behavior of the density evolution, as found in the experiments.Comment: 10 pages, 15 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.
1/f Noise in Electron Glasses
We show that 1/f noise is produced in a 3D electron glass by charge
fluctuations due to electrons hopping between isolated sites and a percolating
network at low temperatures. The low frequency noise spectrum goes as
\omega^{-\alpha} with \alpha slightly larger than 1. This result together with
the temperature dependence of \alpha and the noise amplitude are in good
agreement with the recent experiments. These results hold true both with a
flat, noninteracting density of states and with a density of states that
includes Coulomb interactions. In the latter case, the density of states has a
Coulomb gap that fills in with increasing temperature. For a large Coulomb gap
width, this density of states gives a dc conductivity with a hopping exponent
of approximately 0.75 which has been observed in recent experiments. For a
small Coulomb gap width, the hopping exponent approximately 0.5.Comment: 8 pages, Latex, 6 encapsulated postscript figures, to be published in
Phys. Rev.
Interactions, Distribution of Pinning Energies, and Transport in the Bose Glass Phase of Vortices in Superconductors
We study the ground state and low energy excitations of vortices pinned to
columnar defects in superconductors, taking into account the long--range
interaction between the fluxons. We consider the ``underfilled'' situation in
the Bose glass phase, where each flux line is attached to one of the defects,
while some pins remain unoccupied. By exploiting an analogy with disordered
semiconductors, we calculate the spatial configurations in the ground state, as
well as the distribution of pinning energies, using a zero--temperature Monte
Carlo algorithm minimizing the total energy with respect to all possible
one--vortex transfers. Intervortex repulsion leads to strong correlations
whenever the London penetration depth exceeds the fluxon spacing. A pronounced
peak appears in the static structure factor for low filling fractions . Interactions lead to a broad Coulomb gap in the distribution of
pinning energies near the chemical potential , separating
the occupied and empty pins. The vanishing of at leads to a
considerable reduction of variable--range hopping vortex transport by
correlated flux line pinning.Comment: 16 pages (twocolumn), revtex, 16 figures not appended, please contact
[email protected]
Could saturation effects be visible in a future electron-ion collider?
We expect to observe parton saturation in a future electron - ion collider.
In this letter we discuss this expectation in more detail considering two
different models which are in good agreement with the existing experimental
data on nuclear structure functions. In particular, we study the predictions of
saturation effects in electron - ion collisions at high energies, using a
generalization for nuclear targets of the b-CGC model, which describes the
HERA quite well. We estimate the total, longitudinal and charm structure
functions in the dipole picture and compare them with the predictions obtained
using collinear factorization and modern sets of nuclear parton distributions.
Our results show that inclusive observables are not very useful in the search
for saturation effects. In the small region they are very difficult to
disentangle from the predictions of the collinear approaches . This happens
mainly because of the large uncertainties in the latter. On the other hand, our
results indicate that the contribution of diffractive processes to the total
cross section is about 20 % at large A and small Q^2, allowing for a detailed
study of diffractive observables. The study of diffractive processes becomes
essential to observe parton saturation.Comment: 7 pages 5 figure
Heavy quark production at LHC in the color dipole formalism
In this work we estimate the heavy quark production in proton-proton and
proton-nucleus collisions at LHC energies using the color dipole formalism and
the solution of the running coupling Balitsky-Kovchegov equation. Nuclear
effects are considered in the computation of the total cross sections and
rapidity distributions for scattering on protons and nuclei.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure
Identification of toxigenic Aspergillus species from diet dairy goat using a polyphasic approach
The performance of the jet trigger for the ATLAS detector during 2011 data taking
The performance of the jet trigger for the ATLAS detector at the LHC during the 2011 data taking period is described. During 2011 the LHC provided proton–proton collisions with a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and heavy ion collisions with a 2.76 TeV per nucleon–nucleon collision energy. The ATLAS trigger is a three level system designed to reduce the rate of events from the 40 MHz nominal maximum bunch crossing rate to the approximate 400 Hz which can be written to offline storage. The ATLAS jet trigger is the primary means for the online selection of events containing jets. Events are accepted by the trigger if they contain one or more jets above some transverse energy threshold. During 2011 data taking the jet trigger was fully efficient for jets with transverse energy above 25 GeV for triggers seeded randomly at Level 1. For triggers which require a jet to be identified at each of the three trigger levels, full efficiency is reached for offline jets with transverse energy above 60 GeV. Jets reconstructed in the final trigger level and corresponding to offline jets with transverse energy greater than 60 GeV, are reconstructed with a resolution in transverse energy with respect to offline jets, of better than 4 % in the central region and better than 2.5 % in the forward direction
Search for flavour-changing neutral currents in processes with one top quark and a photon using 81 fb⁻¹ of pp collisions at \sqrts = 13 TeV with the ATLAS experiment
A search for flavour-changing neutral current (FCNC) events via the coupling of a top quark, a photon, and an up or charm quark is presented using 81 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data taken at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events with a photon, an electron or muon, a b-tagged jet, and missing transverse momentum are selected. A neural network based on kinematic variables differentiates between events from signal and background processes. The data are consistent with the background-only hypothesis, and limits are set on the strength of the tqγ coupling in an effective field theory. These are also interpreted as 95% CL upper limits on the cross section for FCNC tγ production via a left-handed (right-handed) tuγ coupling of 36 fb (78 fb) and on the branching ratio for t→γu of 2.8×10−5 (6.1×10−5). In addition, they are interpreted as 95% CL upper limits on the cross section for FCNC tγ production via a left-handed (right-handed) tcγ coupling of 40 fb (33 fb) and on the branching ratio for t→γc of 22×10−5 (18×10−5). © 2019 The Author(s
Relação da idade na presença de bactérias resistentes a antimicrobianos em rebanhos leiteiros no Rio Grande do Sul
Genetic determinants of telomere length from 109,122 ancestrally diverse whole-genome sequences in TOPMed
Genetic studies on telomere length are important for understanding age-related diseases. Prior GWASs for leukocyte TL have been limited to European and Asian populations. Here, we report the first sequencing-based association study for TL across ancestrally diverse individuals (European, African, Asian, and Hispanic/Latino) from the NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program. We used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of whole blood for variant genotype calling and the bioinformatic estimation of telomere length in n = 109,122 individuals. We identified 59 sentinel variants (p < 5 × 10−9) in 36 loci associated with telomere length, including 20 newly associated loci (13 were replicated in external datasets). There was little evidence of effect size heterogeneity across populations. Fine-mapping at OBFC1 indicated that the independent signals colocalized with cell-type-specific eQTLs for OBFC1 (STN1). Using a multi-variant gene-based approach, we identified two genes newly implicated in telomere length, DCLRE1B (SNM1B) and PARN. In PheWAS, we demonstrated that our TL polygenic trait scores (PTSs) were associated with an increased risk of cancer-related phenotypes
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