Gençlik ve Spor Bakanlığı Merkez Teşkilatı Personelinin Serbest Zaman Değerlendirme Alışkanlıklarının Belirlenmesi

GENÇLİK VE SPOR BAKANLIĞI MERKEZ TEŞKİLATI PERSONELİNİN SERBEST ZAMAN DEĞERLENDİRME ALIŞKANLIKLARININ BELİRLENMESİ Kurt S. Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Eğitimi Anabilim Dalı, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Aydın, 2021. Amaç: Bu araştırmanın ana amacı, GSB merkez teşkilatı personellerinin serbest zaman değerlendirme alışkanlıklarının tespit edilmesidir. Araştırmanın alt amaçlarında ise GSB merkez teşkilatı personellerinin serbest zaman değerlendirme alışkanlıklarında cinsiyet, yaş grubu, medeni durum, çocuk sahibi olup olmama ve eğitim durumu gibi değişkenlerin etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu araştırma, tarama modelinde yürütülmüş bir araştırmadır. Araştırmanın evrenini GSB merkez teşkilatı personelleri oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem grubu ise 300 katılımcıdan oluşmaktadır. Araştırma verileri Karakullukçu (2009) tarafından geliştirilen Serbest Zaman Değerlendirme Anketi tarafından toplanmıştır. Araştırma sürecinde elde edilen veriler yüz yüze anket yönteni ile toplanmış olup SPSS-22 istatistik programında analiz edilmiştir. GSB merkez teşkilatı personellerinin serbest zaman değerlendirme alışkanlıklarına ait verilerin normallik varsayımlarını karşılama durumu çarpıklık ve basıklık değerlerinin referans alınması ile kontrol edilmiştir. Yapılan analizlerde frekans ve yüzde analizi ile tanımlayıcı istatistiklere ek olarak bağımsız gruplar t testi, tek yönlü anova analizi ve pearson korelasyon analizi gibi parametrik yöntemler tercih edilmiştir. Bulgular: GSB merkez teşkilatı personellerinin serbest zaman değerlendirme alışkanlıkları toplam puanı (2.53±.51) düşük, serbest zamanlarda yapılan etkinlik türleri boyutu (2.81±.40) orta, spor durumu boyutu (2.58±1.12) düşük, serbest zamanlarda yapılan spor etkinlikleri boyutu (1.85±.65) düşük, spor yapılan mekanlar boyutu (2.63±.71) orta ve spor yapma amaçları boyutu (3.31±.89) ise orta düzeyde tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, GSB merkez teşkilatı personellerinin serbest zaman değerlendirme alışkanlıkları cinsiyet, yaş grubu, medeni durum ve çocuk sahibi olma durumu kapsamında anlamlı düzeyde farklılaşma tespit edilmiştir (p.05). Sonuç: Araştırma sonunda, GSB merkez teşkilatı personellerinin serbest zaman değerlendirme alışkanlıklarının düşük düzeyde olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir. Serbest zaman değerlendirme alışkanlıklarına ilişkin puanlar incelendiğinde; cinsiyete göre erkekler, yaş grubuna göre 26-33 yaş grubundakiler, medeni duruma göre bekar personeller ve çocuk sahibi olma durumuna göre ise çocuğu olmayan katılımcılar lehine anlamlı sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Fakat serbest zaman değerlendirme alışkanlıklarında eğitim durumuna göre katılımcı puanlarının birbirlerine denk olduğu belirlenmiştir.KABUL VE ONAY SAYFASI ………………………..………………….………… i TEŞEKKÜR …………………………………………………………….…………… ii İÇİNDEKİLER ..…………………………………………….………...………….…. iii SİMGELER VE KISALTMALAR DİZİNİ …..…………………….…………….…. vi ŞEKİLLER DİZİNİ ….………….…………………………...……………………… vii TABLOLAR DİZİNİ ….………….…………………………...…………………….. viii ÖZET ………………………………………………………………………………… x ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………………………. xii 1. GİRİŞ …………………….…………………...……………………………….….. 1 1.1.Problemin Tanımı …………………………………………….….…….………… 1 1.2. Amaç ………………………………………………………..…………………… 3 1.3. Önem ………………..……………….………………………..………………… 3 1.4. Varsayımlar …………..……………….………………………..……………..… 4 1.5. Sınırlılıklar ……………..……………….………………………..……………… 4 1.6. Tanımlar ……………..……………….………………………..………………… 5 2. GENEL BİLGİLER ……………………..…………………………………...…… 3 2.1. Serbest Zaman ….………………………………………………..…………....... 6 2.1.1. Serbest Zaman Katılımını Etkileyen Faktörler ……………………...………… 7 2.1.2. Serbest Zaman Etkinlik Türleri ……………….…………………………….... 8 2.1.3. Serbest Zamanın Faydaları ..……………….……………………………….... 10 2.1.4. Serbest Zaman Engelleri .……………….………………………………........ 11 2.2. İlgili Araştırmalar ……..……………….………………………..……………… 13 3. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM ……...……………………………………….…………… 15 3.1. Araştırmanın Modeli …………………………………………....…..…………... 15 3.2. Evren ve Örneklem …………………………………………..….........………... 15 3.3. Veri Toplama Araçları ……………………..………………..…..….….……… 21 3.3.1. Personel Tanıtım Formu ……………..……………………….……………... 21 3.3.2. Serbest Zaman Değerlendirme Anketi ……………………………………….. 21 3.4. Verilerin Toplanması …………………………………………………………… 23 3.5. Verilerin Analizi ………...…………...……………..…………........…………. 23 4. BULGULAR …………………………………………………………………….... 26 4.1. Tanımlayıcı Bulgular……………….………………………………….………... 26 4.2. Serbest Zamanda Yapılan Etkinlik Türlerine Yönelik Bulgular ….….………… 27 4.3. Spor Durumuna Yönelik Bulgular …….……………………………...………… 31 4.4. Boş Zamanlarda Yapılan Spor Etkinliklerine Yönelik Bulgular …….………… 32 4.5. Spor Yapılan Mekana Yönelik Bulgular ……………………………..………… 36 4.6. Spor Yapma Amacına Yönelik Bulgular …….……………..…….…….……… 37 4.7. Serbest Zaman Değerlendirmede Cinsiyete Yönelik Bulgular …...….………… 40 4.8. Serbest Zaman Değerlendirmede Yaş Grubuna Yönelik Bulgular …….……… 41 4.9. Serbest Zaman Değerlendirmede Medeni Duruma Yönelik Bulgular …….…… 43 4.10. Serbest Zaman Değerlendirmede Çocuk Durumuna Yönelik Bulgular …….… 45 4.11. Serbest Zaman Değerlendirmede Eğitim Durumuna Yönelik Bulgular …….… 46 4.12. Serbest Zaman Değerlendirmede İlişkiye Yönelik Bulgular …….……………. 48 5. TARTIŞMA …………...……….…………………...……...….……………...…... 50 6. SONUÇ VE ÖNERİLER …..…………………………..…………..……….……. 54 KAYNAKLAR ..………………………………...……...…………………………… 58 EKLER ..………………………………………...……...…………………………… 65 Ek 1 Etik Kurul Onayı ….…………………………………………………………… 65 Ek 2 Araştırma İzni ………..………………………………………………………… 66 Ek 3 Bilgilendirilmiş Onam Formu ………..……………………...………………… 67 Ek 4 Personel Tanıtım Formu ……….……..……………………...………………… 68 Ek 5 Serbest Zaman Değerlendirme Anketi .……………………...………………… 69 ÖZGEÇMİŞ …………………………………………...…………………………….. 7

A Case of Cervical Ectopic Pregnancy: Management and Review of the Literature

Introduction: Cervical ectopic pregnancy is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy. It can be diagnosed by transvaginal ultrasonography at an early stage and confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging.Presentation of case:  In such cases, early diagnosis and management can avert life-threatening consequences like uterine rupture and abundant hemorrhage, while sparing fertility. We herein discussed diagnostic process, follow-up, and management of a cervical ectopic pregnancy case.Conclusion: Cervical ectopic pregnancy has been shown that the conservative methods are safe and reliable treatment techniques in early detected cervical ectopic pregnancy cases; they also have the advantage to spare future fertility of patients

COVID-19 pandemic effect on female sexual function

Objectives: To determine the COVID-19 pandemic’s effect on female sexual functions among Turkish women. Material and methods: The present study was performed by using the previous study data that was conducted before the pandemic to detect female sexual function by using questionnaires. Comparison of Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores in women during and before the pandemic. Participants were asked to fill questionnaire forms again. Results: FSFI scores of the participants were higher before the pandemic, however, this finding was not statistically significant (21.8 vs 21.0, p = 0.27). BAI and BDI scores with high scores accompanied by anxiety and depression were found statistically significantly higher in the study (11.2 vs 13.3, p < 0.01; 10.0 vs 13.7, p < 0.01; respectively). BAI scores had a negative correlation with FSFI scores, however, BDI scores had not a significant correlation with FSFI scores in the present study (p < 0.01, correlation coefficient = –0.302; p = 0.07; correlation coefficient = –0.183; respectively). Conclusions: Pandemic seems not to affect female sexual behavior. However, the pandemic is associated with anxiety and depression

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Predicting attitudinal and behavioral responses to COVID-19 pandemic using machine learning

At the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 became a global problem. Despite all the efforts to emphasize the relevance of preventive measures, not everyone adhered to them. Thus, learning more about the characteristics determining attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic is crucial to improving future interventions. In this study, we applied machine learning on the multinational data collected by the International Collaboration on the Social and Moral Psychology of COVID-19 (N = 51,404) to test the predictive efficacy of constructs from social, moral, cognitive, and personality psychology, as well as socio-demographic factors, in the attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic. The results point to several valuable insights. Internalized moral identity provided the most consistent predictive contribution—individuals perceiving moral traits as central to their self-concept reported higher adherence to preventive measures. Similar results were found for morality as cooperation, symbolized moral identity, self-control, open-mindedness, and collective narcissism, while the inverse relationship was evident for the endorsement of conspiracy theories. However, we also found a non-neglible variability in the explained variance and predictive contributions with respect to macro-level factors such as the pandemic stage or cultural region. Overall, the results underscore the importance of morality-related and contextual factors in understanding adherence to public health recommendations during the pandemic.Peer reviewe

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Predicting attitudinal and behavioral responses to COVID-19 pandemic using machine learning

At the beginning of 2020, COVID-19 became a global problem. Despite all the efforts to emphasize the relevance of preventive measures, not everyone adhered to them. Thus, learning more about the characteristics determining attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic is crucial to improving future interventions. In this study, we applied machine learning on the multinational data collected by the International Collaboration on the Social and Moral Psychology of COVID-19 (N = 51,404) to test the predictive efficacy of constructs from social, moral, cognitive, and personality psychology, as well as socio-demographic factors, in the attitudinal and behavioral responses to the pandemic. The results point to several valuable insights. Internalized moral identity provided the most consistent predictive contribution—individuals perceiving moral traits as central to their self-concept reported higher adherence to preventive measures. Similar results were found for morality as cooperation, symbolized moral identity, self-control, open-mindedness, and collective narcissism, while the inverse relationship was evident for the endorsement of conspiracy theories. However, we also found a non-neglible variability in the explained variance and predictive contributions with respect to macro-level factors such as the pandemic stage or cultural region. Overall, the results underscore the importance of morality-related and contextual factors in understanding adherence to public health recommendations during the pandemic