4,270 research outputs found
PadrÔes de controle de crises em pacientes com epilepsia de lobo temporal com ou sem esclerose hipocampal
Objective Patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) may present unstable pattern of seizures. We aimed to evaluate the occurrence of relapse-remitting seizures in MTLE with (MTLE-HS) and without (MTLE-NL) hippocampal sclerosis. Method We evaluated 172 patients with MTLE-HS (122) or MTLE-NL (50). Relapse-remitting pattern was defined as periods longer than two years of seizure-freedom intercalated with seizure recurrence. Infrequent seizures was considered as up to three seizures per year and frequent seizures as any period of seizures higher than that. Results Thirty-seven (30%) MTLE-HS and 18 (36%) MTLE-NL patients had relapse-remitting pattern (X2, p = 0.470). This was more common in those with infrequent seizures (X2, p < 0.001). Twelve MTLE-HS and one MTLE-NL patients had prolonged seizure remission between the first and second decade of life (X2, p = 0.06). Conclusion Similar proportion of MTLE-HS or MTLE-NL patients present relapse-remitting seizures and this occurs more often in those with infrequent seizures.Patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) may present unstable pattern of seizures. We aimed to evaluate the occurrence of relapse-remitting seizures in MTLE with (MTLE-HS) and without (MTLE-NL) hippocampal sclerosis. Method: We evaluated 172 pat7327982FAPESP - FUNDAĂĂO DE AMPARO Ă PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SĂO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTĂFICO E TECNOLĂGICO2005/56578-4; 2009/54552-9SEM INFORMAĂĂOPacientes com epilepsia do lobo temporal mesial (ELTM) podem apresentar padrĂŁo instĂĄvel de crises epilĂ©pticas. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar ocorrĂȘncia de crises remitente-recorrentes em ELTM com (ELTM-EH) e sem (ELTM-NL) esclerose hipocampal. MĂ©todo: Ava
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Subseasonal prediction performance for austral summer South American rainfall
Skilful and reliable predictions of week-to-week rainfall variations in South America, two to three weeks ahead, are essential to protect lives, livelihoods and ecosystems. We evaluate forecast performance for weekly rainfall in extended austral summer (November-March) in four contemporary subseasonal systems, including a new Brazilian model, at 1-5 week leads for 1999-2010. We measure performance by the correlation coefficient (in time) between predicted and observed rainfall; we measure skill by the Brier Skill Score for rainfall terciles against a climatological reference forecast. We assess unconditional performance (i.e., regardless of initial condition) and conditional performance based on the initial phase of the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) and the El Nino--Southern Oscillation (ENSO). All models display substantial mean rainfall biases, including dry biases in Amazonia and wet biases near the Andes, which are established by Week 1 and vary little thereafter. Unconditional performance extends to Week 2 in all regions except for Amazonia and the Andes, but to Week 3 only over northern, northeastern and southeastern South America. Skill for upper- and lower-tercile rainfall extends only to Week 1. Conditional performance is not systematically or significantly higher than unconditional performance; ENSO and MJO events provide limited "windows of opportunity" for improved S2S predictions that are region- and model-dependent. Conditional performance may be degraded by errors in predicted ENSO and MJO teleconnections to regional rainfall, even at short lead times
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Configuration and hindcast quality assessment of a brazilian global subâseasonal prediction system
This paper presents the Center for Weather Forecast and Climate Studies (CPTEC) developments for configuring a global sub-seasonal prediction system and assessing its ability in producing retrospective predictions (hindcasts) for meteorological conditions of the following 4 weeks. Six Brazilian Global Atmospheric Model version 1.2 (BAM-1.2) configurations were tested in terms of vertical resolution, deep convection and boundary layer parameterizations, as well as soil moisture initialization. The aim was to identify the configuration with best performance when predicting weekly accumulate precipitation, weekly mean 2-meter temperature (T2M) and the Madden and Julian Oscillation (MJO) daily evolution. Hindcasts assessment was performed for 12 extended austral summers (November to March - 1999/2000 to 2010/2011) with two start dates for each month for the six configurations and two ensemble approaches. The first approach, referred to as Multiple Configurations Ensemble (MCEN), was formed of one ensemble member from each of the six configurations. The second, referred to as Initial Condition Ensemble (ICEN), was composed of six ensemble members produced with the chosen configuration as the best using an Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) perturbation methodology. The chosen configuration presented high correlation and low root mean squared error (RMSE) for precipitation and T2M anomaly predictions at the first week and these indices degraded as lead time increased, maintaining moderate performance up to week 4 over the tropical Pacific and northern South America. For MJO predictions, this configuration crossed the 0.5 bivariate correlation threshold in 18 days. The ensemble approaches improved the correlation and RMSE of precipitation and T2M anomalies. ICEN improved precipitation and T2M predictions performance over eastern South America at week 3 and over northern South America at week 4. Improvements were also noticed for MJO predictions. The time to cross the above mentioned threshold increased to 21 days for MCEN and to 20 days for ICEN
New insights into the classification and nomenclature of cortical GABAergic interneurons.
A systematic classification and accepted nomenclature of neuron types is much needed but is currently lacking. This article describes a possible taxonomical solution for classifying GABAergic interneurons of the cerebral cortex based on a novel, web-based interactive system that allows experts to classify neurons with pre-determined criteria. Using Bayesian analysis and clustering algorithms on the resulting data, we investigated the suitability of several anatomical terms and neuron names for cortical GABAergic interneurons. Moreover, we show that supervised classification models could automatically categorize interneurons in agreement with experts' assignments. These results demonstrate a practical and objective approach to the naming, characterization and classification of neurons based on community consensus
Inhibition of endothelial cell functions and of angiogenesis by the metastasis inhibitor NAMI-A
NAMI-A is a ruthenium-based compound with selective anti-metastasis activity in experimental models of solid tumours. We studied whether this activity was dependent on anti-angiogenic ability of NAMI-A. We thus investigated its in vitro effects on endothelial cell functions necessary for angiogenesis to develop, as well as its in vivo effects in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane model. Endothelial cell proliferation, chemotaxis, and secretion of the matrix-degrading enzyme metalloproteinase-2 were inhibited by NAMI-A in a dose-dependent manner, and without morphologic signs of cell apoptosis or necrosis. Lastly, NAMI-A displayed a dose-dependent in vivo anti-angiogenic activity in the chorioallantoic membrane model. These data suggest that the anti-angiogenic activity of NAMI-A can contribute to its anti-metastatic efficacy in mice bearing malignant solid tumours
Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at TeV with the ATLAS detector
This paper presents measurements of the and cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a
function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were
collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with
the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity
of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements
varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the
1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured
with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with
predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various
parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between
them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables,
submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at
https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13
Expansion in CD39(+) CD4(+) Immunoregulatory T Cells and Rarity of Th17 Cells in HTLV-1 Infected Patients Is Associated with Neurological Complications
HTLV-1 infection is associated with several inflammatory disorders, including the neurodegenerative condition HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). It is unclear why a minority of infected subjects develops HAM/TSP. CD4(+) T cells are the main target of infection and play a pivotal role in regulating immunity to HTLV and are hypothesized to participate in the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP. the CD39 ectonucleotidase receptor is expressed on CD4(+) T cells and based on co-expression with CD25, marks T cells with distinct regulatory (CD39(+)CD25(+)) and effector (CD39(+)CD25(-)) function. Here, we investigated the expression of CD39 on CD4(+) T cells from a cohort of HAM/TSP patients, HTLV-1 asymptomatic carriers (AC), and matched uninfected controls. the frequency of CD39(+)CD4(+) T cells was increased in HTLV-1 infected patients, regardless of clinical status. More importantly, the proportion of the immunostimulatory CD39(+)CD25(-) CD4+ T-cell subset was significantly elevated in HAM/TSP patients as compared to AC and phenotypically had lower levels of the immunoinhibitory receptor, PD-1. We saw no difference in the frequency of CD39(+)CD25(+) regulatory (Treg) cells between AC and HAM/TSP patients. However, these cells transition from being anergic to displaying a polyfunctional cytokine response following HTLV-1 infection. CD39(-)CD25(+) T cell subsets predominantly secreted the inflammatory cytokine IL-17. We found that HAM/TSP patients had significantly fewer numbers of IL-17 secreting CD4(+) T cells compared to uninfected controls. Taken together, we show that the expression of CD39 is upregulated on CD4(+) T cells HAM/TSP patients. This upregulation may play a role in the development of the proinflammatory milieu through pathways both distinct and separate among the different CD39 T cell subsets. CD39 upregulation may therefore serve as a surrogate diagnostic marker of progression and could potentially be a target for interventions to reduce the development of HAM/TSP.National Institute of Allergies and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthUniversity of CaliforniaSan Francisco-Gladstone Institute of Virology & Immunology Center for AIDS ResearchFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)John E. Fogarty International CenterNational Center for Research ResourcesNational Institute of General Medical Sciences from the National Institutes of HealthUniv Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Div Expt Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USAUniv Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Trop Med, Hawaii Ctr AIDS, Honolulu, HI 96822 USAUniv São Paulo, Sch Med, Deparment Infect Dis, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Sch Med, Div Clin Immunol & Allergy, São Paulo, BrazilFuncacao Prosangue, Hemoctr São Paulo, Mol Biol Lab, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Translat Med, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Translat Med, São Paulo, BrazilSan Francisco-Gladstone Institute of Virology & Immunology Center for AIDS Research: P30 AI027763FAPESP: 04/15856-9/KallasFAPESP: 2010/05845-0/KallasFAPESP: 11/12297-2/SanabaniJohn E. Fogarty International Center: D43 TW00003National Center for Research Resources: 5P20RR016467-11National Institute of General Medical Sciences from the National Institutes of Health: 8P20GM103466-11Web of Scienc
Search for direct stau production in events with two hadronic tau-leptons in root s=13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
A search for the direct production of the supersymmetric partners ofÏ-leptons (staus) in final stateswith two hadronically decayingÏ-leptons is presented. The analysis uses a dataset of pp collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of139fbâ1, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LargeHadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No significant deviation from the expected StandardModel background is observed. Limits are derived in scenarios of direct production of stau pairs with eachstau decaying into the stable lightest neutralino and oneÏ-lepton in simplified models where the two staumass eigenstates are degenerate. Stau masses from 120 GeV to 390 GeV are excluded at 95% confidencelevel for a massless lightest neutralino
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