11 research outputs found
Dissecting the Shared Genetic Architecture of Suicide Attempt, Psychiatric Disorders, and Known Risk Factors
- Author
- Abdellaoui Abdel
- Abramova Liliya
- Adams Mark
- Adams Mark J.
- Adan Roger A. H.
- Adolfsson Rolf
- Adolfsson Rolf
- Adorjan Kristina
- Agartz Ingrid
- Agartz Ingrid
- Agerbo Esben
- Agerbo Esben
- Agerbo Esben
- Aguayo Samuel
- Ahuja Sunil
- Air Tracy M.
- Air Tracy M.
- Al Eissa Mariam
- Albani Diego
- Alda Martin
- Alda Martin
- Alfredsson Lars
- Alfredsson Lars
- Alfredsson Lars
- Alliey-Rodriguez Ney
- Als Thomas D.
- Andlauer Till F. M.
- Ando Tetsuya
- Andreassen Ole A.
- Andreassen Ole A.
- Andreassen Ole A.
- Anjorin Adebayo
- Anjorin Adebayo
- Antilla Verneri
- Antoniou Anastasia
- Appadurai Vivek
- Argyres Dean P.
- Arolt Volker
- Artigas Maria Soler
- Aschauer Harald
- Ashley-Koch Allison E.
- Aslan Mihaela
- Awasthi Swapnil
- Awasthi Swapnil
- Awasthi Swapnil
- Azevedo M. Helena
- Babadjanova Gulja
- Bacanu Silviu-Alin
- Backlund Lena
- Baek Ji Hyun
- Baker Jessica H.
- Ballas Zuhair
- Bass Nicholas
- Bass Nicholas
- Bau Claiton H. D.
- Bauer Michael
- Baune Bernhard T.
- Baune Bernhard T.
- Baune Bernhard T.
- Beckham Jean
- Beckham Jean
- Beckham Jean C.
- Beekman Aartjan T. F.
- Beins Eva C.
- Bellivier Frank
- Bellivier Frank
- Bencko Vladimir
- Bengesser Susanne
- Bergen Andrew W.
- Bergen Andrew W.
- Bergen Sarah E.
- Berger Klaus
- Berger Klaus
- Berrettini Wade H.
- Berrettini Wade H.
- Berrettini Wade H.
- Bhushan Sujata
- Biernacka Joanna M.
- Biernacka Joanna M.
- Bigdeli Tim B.
- Bigdeli Tim B.
- Bigdeli Tim B.
- Binder Elisabeth B.
- Binder Elisabeth B.
- Birgegård Andreas
- Birner Armin
- Blackwood Douglas H. R.
- Boden Joseph M.
- Boehm Ilka
- Boehnke Michael
- Boehnke Michael
- Bohus Martin
- Bohus Martin
- Boks Marco P.
- Boks Marco P.
- Boni Claudette
- Boomsma Dorret I.
- Bosch Rosa
- Bosch Rosa
- Boyko Edward
- Braff David L.
- Brandt Harry
- Brandt Harry
- Breeling James
- Breen Gerome
- Breen Gerome
- Breen Gerome
- Breen Gerome
- Brewer Jessica V.
- Brophy Mary T.
- Brum Murielle
- Brumpton Ben M.
- Brunkhorst-Kanaan Nathalie
- Bryant Richard
- Bryois Julien
- Bryois Julien
- Bryois Julien
- Budde Monika
- Budde Monika
- Buehren Katharina
- Bulik Cynthia M.
- Bulik Cynthia M.
- Burghardt Roland
- Buttenschøn Henriette N.
- Bybjerg-Grauholm Jonas
- Bybjerg-Grauholm Jonas
- Byerley William
- Byrne Enda M.
- Byrne Enda M.
- Bækvad-Hansen Marie
- Bækvad-Hansen Marie
- Bøen Erlend
- Børglum Anders D.
- Børglum Anders D.
- Børglum Anders D.
- Børte Sigrid
- Cahn Wiepke
- Cai Na
- Cairns Murray
- Campos Adrian I.
- Carlberg Laura
- Carr Vaughan J.
- Carter Bruce W.
- Casas Miguel
- Casas Miquel
- Cassina Matteo
- Castelao Enrique
- Castelao Enrique
- Catts Stanley
- Cervantes Pablo
- Cervilla Jorge A.
- Chang Kyong-Mi
- Chang Xiao
- Charney Alexander W.
- Chaumette Boris
- Chen Hsi-Chung
- Chen Wei J.
- Cho Kelly
- Cho Kelly
- Christensen Jane Hvarregaard
- Cichon Sven
- Cichon Sven
- Cichon Sven
- Cichon Sven
- Clarke Toni-Kim
- Clarke Toni-Kim
- Clementi Maurizio
- Cohen David
- Coleman Jonathan R. I.
- Coleman Jonathan R. I.
- Coleman Jonathan R. I.
- Coleman Jonathan R. I.
- Colodro-Conde Lucía
- Cone Roger D.
- Connor Todd
- Constans Joseph
- Coombes Brandon
- Coon Hilary
- Corvin Aiden
- Corvin Aiden
- Courtet Philippe
- Couvy-Duchesne Baptiste
- Craddock Nicholas
- Craddock Nicholas
- Craddock Nick
- Craig David
- Crawford Gregory E.
- Crawford Steven
- Crawford Steven
- Crivelli Silvia
- Crow Scott
- Crow Scott
- Crowley James J.
- Cruceanu Cristiana
- Cuellar-Barboza Alfredo
- Cunningham Julie
- Curtis David
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- Dannlowski Udo
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- Davies Gail
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- de Zwaan Martina
- Dedoussis George
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- Degenhardt Franziska
- Degenhardt Franziska
- Degortes Daniela
- Dellitalia Louis
- Demontis Ditte
- Dennis Michelle F.
- Depaulo J. Raymond
- DePaulo J. Raymond
- der Auwera Sandra Van
- Derks Eske M.
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- Di Florio Arianna
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- Dick Danielle M.
- Dietl Lydie
- Dikeos Dimitris
- Dikeos Dimitris
- Dina Christian
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- Djurovic Srdjan
- Djurovic Srdjan
- Dmitrzak-Weglarz Monika
- Do Nhan
- Dobbyn Amanda L.
- Docherty Anna R.
- Dolan Conor V.
- Domenici Enrico
- Domschke Katharina
- Douzenis Athanassios
- Drange Ole Kristian
- Duncan Laramie E.
- Dunn Erin C.
- Duriez Philibert
- Edenberg Howard J.
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- Espeseth Thomas
- Estivill Xavier
- Etain Bruno
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- Farmer Anne
- Favaro Angela
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- Ferentinos Panagiotis
- Fernández-Aranda Fernando
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- Fichter Manfred M.
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- Fullerton Janice M.
- Fullerton Janice M.
- Föcker Manuel
- Gaddy Melinda
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- Goes Fernando S.
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- Grigoroiu-Serbanescu Maria
- Grove Jakob
- Grove Jakob
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- Guo Yiran
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- Gupta Samir
- Gutierrez Blanca
- Gutierrez Salvador
- Guzman-Parra Jose
- Guzman-Parra José
- Ha Kyooseob
- Hafferty Jonathan D.
- Hagenaars Saskia P.
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- Hakonarson Hakon
- Hall Lynsey S.
- Halmi Katherine A.
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- Hansen Thomas F.
- Haraldsson Magnus
- Harley John
- Hartmann Annette
- Harvey Phillip D.
- Hassan Kiadeh Farnush Farhadi
- Hatzikotoulas Konstantinos
- Hauser Elizabeth
- Hauser Elizabeth R.
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- Hauser Joanna
- Hauser Joanna
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- Hayward Caroline
- Heath Andrew C.
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- Heilmann-Heimbach Stefanie
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- Hellgren Dennis
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- Herms Stefan
- Herms Stefan
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- Herpertz-Dahlmann Beate
- Herzog Wolfgang
- Hickie Ian B.
- Hillert Jan
- Hinney Anke
- Hishimoto Akitoyo
- Hoffmann Per
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- Hung Adriana
- HUNT All-In Psychiatry
- Huq Mostaqul
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- Hveem Kristian
- Hwu Hai-Gwo
- Hübel Christopher
- Ikeda Masashi
- Imgart Hartmut
- Inoko Hidetoshi
- Iruvanti Pran
- Ising Marcus
- Ising Marcus
- Ivins Douglas
- Iwata Nakao
- Jablensky Assen V.
- Jacobson Daniel
- Jacono Frank
- Jain Sonia
- Jamain Stéphane
- Jamain Stéphane
- Janout Vladimir
- Jansen Rick
- Jhala Darshana
- Jiménez-Murcia Susana
- Jiménez-Murcia Susana
- Johnson Craig
- Johnson Craig
- Johnson Jessica S.
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- Kamatani Yoichiro
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- Kaprio Jaakko
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- Treutlein Jens
- Trubetskoy Vassily
- Trubetskoy Vassily
- Trzaskowski Maciej
- Trzaskowski Maciej
- Tsao Philip
- Tsao Philip S.
- Tsao Philip S.
- Tsao Philip S.
- Tsermpini Evangelia-Eirini
- Tsitsika Artemis
- Tsuang Ming T.
- Turecki Gustavo
- Turecki Gustavo
- Tyszkiewicz-Nwafor Marta
- Tziouvas Konstantinos
- Uher Rudolf
- Uitterlinden André G.
- Umbricht Daniel
- Ursano Robert J.
- Vaaler Arne E.
- Van der Auwera Sandra
- van Elburg Annemarie A.
- van Furth Eric F.
- van Hemert Albert M.
- Vawter Marquis P.
- Vedder Helmut
- Vieta Eduard
- Viktorin Alexander
- Vilar-Ribó Laura
- Villareal Gerardo
- Vincent John B.
- Vincent John B.
- Visscher Peter M.
- Völzke Henry
- Völzke Henry
- Wade Tracey D.
- Wagner Gudrun
- Waldman Irwin D.
- Wallbom Agnes
- Walters James T. R.
- Walters James T. R.
- Walton Esther
- Wang Yunpeng
- Ware Erin B.
- Wasserman Danuta
- Watson Hunna J.
- Watson Hunna J.
- Webb Bradley T.
- Weickert Cynthia Shannon
- Weickert Thomas W.
- Weickert Thomas W.
- Weinsheimer Shantel Marie
- Weissman Myrna M.
- Weissman Myrna M.
- Wellmann Jürgen
- Werge Thomas
- Werge Thomas
- Werge Thomas
- Werge Thomas
- Whitbourne Stacey B.
- Whiteman David C.
- Whiteman David C.
- Whittle Jeffrey
- Whooley Mary
- Wichmann H. Erich
- Widen Elisabeth
- Willemsen Gonneke
- Williams Leanne M.
- Willour Virginia
- Wilson Peter
- Winsvold Bendik S.
- Witt Stephanie H.
- Witt Stephanie H.
- Witt Stephanie H.
- Witt Stephanie H.
- Won Hong-Hee
- Woodside D. Blake
- Woodside D. Blake
- Wray Naomi R.
- Wray Naomi R.
- Wray Naomi R.
- Wu Yang
- Xi Hualin S.
- Xi Simon
- Xu Junzhe
- Xu Wei
- Yang Jian
- Yao Shuyang
- Yeh Shing Shing
- Yilmaz Zeynep
- Yilmaz Zeynep
- Young Allan H.
- Young Hannah
- Zablocki Clement J.
- Zai Clement C.
- Zandi Peter P.
- Zeggini Eleftheria
- Zerwas Stephanie
- Zhang Futao
- Zhao Hongyu
- Zhou Hang
- Zillich Lea
- Zillich Lea
- Zipfel Stephan
- Zwart John-Anker
- Świątkowska Beata
- Świątkowska Beata
- Świątkowska Beata
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
Background Suicide is a leading cause of death worldwide, and nonfatal suicide attempts, which occur far more frequently, are a major source of disability and social and economic burden. Both have substantial genetic etiology, which is partially shared and partially distinct from that of related psychiatric disorders. Methods We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 29,782 suicide attempt (SA) cases and 519,961 controls in the International Suicide Genetics Consortium (ISGC). The GWAS of SA was conditioned on psychiatric disorders using GWAS summary statistics via multitrait-based conditional and joint analysis, to remove genetic effects on SA mediated by psychiatric disorders. We investigated the shared and divergent genetic architectures of SA, psychiatric disorders, and other known risk factors. Results Two loci reached genome-wide significance for SA: the major histocompatibility complex and an intergenic locus on chromosome 7, the latter of which remained associated with SA after conditioning on psychiatric disorders and replicated in an independent cohort from the Million Veteran Program. This locus has been implicated in risk-taking behavior, smoking, and insomnia. SA showed strong genetic correlation with psychiatric disorders, particularly major depression, and also with smoking, pain, risk-taking behavior, sleep disturbances, lower educational attainment, reproductive traits, lower socioeconomic status, and poorer general health. After conditioning on psychiatric disorders, the genetic correlations between SA and psychiatric disorders decreased, whereas those with nonpsychiatric traits remained largely unchanged. Conclusions Our results identify a risk locus that contributes more strongly to SA than other phenotypes and suggest a shared underlying biology between SA and known risk factors that is not mediated by psychiatric disorders.Peer reviewe
Fiber type-specific determinants of V
- Author
- Publication venue
- 'American Physiological Society'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Genetic determinants of risk in pulmonary arterial hypertension: international genome-wide association studies and meta-analysis.
- Author
- Abrea Inna
- Adlard Julian
- Ahmad Ferhaan
- Ahmad Shazzra
- Ahmed Munaza
- Ahmed Sara
- Aitman Tim
- Alachkar Hana
- Allahua Melissa
- Allen Hana Lango
- Allsup David
- Almeida-King Jeff
- Almeida-Peters Sisama
- Aman Jurjan
- Amouyel Philippe
- Ancliff Philip
- Anderson Audrey
- Andrews Mary
- Antrobus Richard
- Archer Stephen L
- Argula Rahul
- Arkon Abby
- Armstrong Ruth
- Arno Gavin
- Arora Amit
- Ashford Sofie
- Astle William
- Aston Valerie
- Attwood Anthony
- Austin Eric D
- Ayesh Waleed
- Babbs Chris
- Badesch David
- Bakchoul Tamam
- Bakshi Sahil
- Bariana Tadbir
- Barnett Christopher
- Barve Mukta
- Barwell Julian
- Batai Ken
- Beckmann Joy
- Bennett David
- Bentley David
- Benza Raymond
- Bhatt Nitin
- Bierzynska Agnieszka
- Bindu John
- Birru Hellina
- Biss Tina
- Blake Randy
- Bleda Marta
- Boekwig Deedre
- Bogaard Harm
- Bogaard Harm J
- Bourne Christian
- Boyce Sara
- Bradley John
- Brady Daniela
- Breen Gerome
- Brennan Paul
- Brewer Carole
- Broach Debra
- Brod Naomi Clements
- Brody Linnea
- Brown Matthew
- Browning Michael
- Bruno Jackie
- Buchan Rachel
- Buckland Matthew
- Bueser Teofila
- Burger Charles D
- Burns Siobhan
- Burren Oliver
- Calleja Paul
- Carr-White Gerald
- Carss Keren
- Casanova Nancy
- Casey Ruth
- Caskey Elizabeth
- Caulfield Mark
- Cebola Ines
- Chakinala Murali
- Chambers Jennifer
- Chambers John
- Cheng Floria
- Chinnery Patrick F
- Christian Martin
- Church Colin
- Coghlan Gerry
- Coghlan John G
- Colby Elizabeth
- Cole Trevor
- Collins Janine
- Collins Peter
- Colombo Camilla
- Condliffe Robin
- Cook Stuart
- Cook Terry
- Cooper Nichola
- Cope Molly
- Cordell Shannon
- Correa Priscilla
- Corris Paul
- Corris Paul A
- Crisp-Hihn Abigail
- Curry Nicola
- Danesino Cesare
- Daniels Matthew
- Daugherty Louise
- Davis Anne
- Davis John
- Debette Stephanie
- Deevi Sri VV
- del Junco Holly
- DeMartino Jordyn
- Dent Timothy
- Desai Ankit A
- Devereux Jane
- Dewhurst Eleanor
- Dillon Laura
- Dixon Peter
- Do Robyn
- Dotson Anne
- Downes Kate
- Drake Jan
- Drazyk Anna
- Drewe Elizabeth
- Durst Louise
- Dutt Tina
- Edgar David
- Edwards Karen
- Egner William
- Elliott C Gregory
- Elwing Jean
- Erber Wendy
- Erwood Marie
- Estiu Maria C
- Evans Dafydd Gareth
- Evans Gillian
- Everington Tamara
- Eyries Melanie
- Eyries Mlanie
- Farber Hap
- Favier Remi
- Feliz Natalia
- Ferrer Jorge
- Fletcher Debra
- Fortin Terry
- Fox James
- Franke Andre
- Frantz Robert P
- Franzo Mya
- Frary Amy
- French Courtney
- Freson Kathleen
- Frontini Mattia
- Frost Adaani
- Gale Daniel
- Gall Henning
- Garcia Joe GN
- Geoghegan Claire
- Gerighty Terry
- Germain Marine
- Ghio Stefano
- Ghofrani Hossein-Ardeschir
- Gibbs J Simon R
- Gibbs Simon
- Gilmour Kimberley
- Girerd Barbara
- Goddard Sarah
- Gomez Keith
- Gordins Pavels
- Gosal David
- Graf Stefan
- Grassi Luigi
- Greene Daniel
- Greenhalgh Lynn
- Greinacher Andreas
- Gresele Paolo
- Griffiths Philip
- Grigoriadou Sofia
- Grocock Russell
- Grozeva Detelina
- Gruhlke Peggy
- Gygi Amber
- Hackett Scott
- Hadinnapola Charaka
- Hague William
- Haimel Matthias
- Hall Matthew
- Hannon Kelly
- Hanscombe Ken B
- Hanson Helen
- Harbaum Lars
- Harkness Kirsty
- Harley John
- Harper Andrew
- Harrington Brandy
- Harris Claire
- Hart Daniel
- Hassan Ahamad
- Hawke Lindsey
- Hawkes Nicholas
- Hayman Grant
- He Hua
- Henderson Alex
- Heuerman Sharon
- Hill Nicholas S
- Hirsch Russel
- Hoffmann Jonathan
- Holy Royanne
- Horvath Rita
- Houweling Arjan
- Houweling Arjan C
- Howard Luke
- Howard Luke S
- Hu Fengyuan
- Hudson Gavin
- Hughes Joseph
- Huissoon Aarnoud
- Humbert Marc
- Humphray Sean
- Hunter Sarah
- Hurles Matthew
- Iem Thoeun
- Igenoza Tosin
- Ingledue Rebecca
- Ivy Dunbar
- Izatt Louise
- Jackson Esperanza
- James Roger
- Johnson Sally
- Jolles Stephen
- Jolley Jennifer
- Jurkute Neringa
- Kaakinen Marika
- Karnekar Reema
- Karnes Jason H
- Kasanicki Mary
- Kazkaz Hanadi
- Kazmi Rashid
- Kelleher Peter
- Kennedy Karla
- Kiely David
- Kiely David G
- Kingston Nathalie
- Kittles Richard
- Klima Robert
- Klinger James
- Knight Jo
- Kostadima Myrto
- Kovacs Gabor
- Koziell Ania
- Kreuzhuber Roman
- Kuijpers Taco
- Kumar Ajith
- Kumararatne Dinakantha
- Kurian Manju
- Laffan Michael
- Lahm Tim
- Lalloo Fiona
- Lambert Michele
- Larimore Daniel
- Laudes Matthias
- Lawrie Allan
- Layton Mark
- Lee Jennifer
- Lemma Merte
- Lentaigne Claire
- Levine Adam
- Lewis Karlise
- Light Allison
- Linger Rachel
- Longhurst Hilary
- Louka Eleni
- Lovato Ellen
- Lutz Katie
- MacDonald Catherine
- Machado Rajiv D
- Madan Bella
- Maher Eamonn
- Maimaris Jesmeen
- Malur Anagha
- Mangles Sarah
- Mapeta Rutendo
- Marchbank Kevin
- Marks Jennifer
- Marks Stephen
- Markus Hugh S
- Marschall Hanns-Ulrich
- Marshall Andrew
- Marsolo Keith
- Martin Jennifer
- Martin Lisa J
- Mathias Mary
- Matthews Emma
- Maxwell Heather
- McAlinden Paul
- McCarthy Mark
- McClain Kimberly
- Mcgaha Traci
- Meacham Stuart
- Mead Adam
- Megy Karyn
- Mehta Sarju
- Mendibles Lillian
- Michaelides Michel
- Millar Carolyn
- Miller-Reed Kathleen
- Moledina Shahin
- Montani David
- Moore Tony
- Morrell Nicholas
- Morrell Nicholas W
- Mozere Monika
- Muir Keith
- Mumford Andrew
- Nathan Steven D
- Newnham Michael
- Nichols William C
- Noordegraaf Anton Vonk
- Norwood Tracy
- O'Sullivan Jennifer
- Obaji Samya
- Okoli Steven
- Olanipekun Lekan
- Olschewski Andrea
- Olschewski Horst
- Ong Kai Ren
- Ormiston Mark
- Ormondroyd Elizabeth
- Oudiz Ronald J
- Ouwehand Willem
- Ouwehand Willem H
- Paciotti Gina
- Palmer Julia
- Palmisciano Amy
- Papadia Sofia
- Park Soo-Mi
- Parry David
- Paterson Joan
- Pauciulo Michael W
- Peacock Andrew
- Peacock Andrew J
- Peden John
- Peerlinck Kathelijne
- Peichel Gretchen
- Penkett Christopher
- Pepke-Zaba Joanna
- Petersen Romina
- Pisarcik Jessica
- Prokopenko Inga
- Pyle Angela
- Rankin Stuart
- Rao Anupama
- Raymond F Lucy
- Rayner-Matthews Paula
- Rees Christine
- Rehman Zia
- Rendon Augusto
- Renton Tara
- Reponen Auvo
- Rhodes Christopher J
- Rice Andrew
- Richardson Sylvia
- Richter Alex
- Roads Tammy
- Robbins Ivan
- Roberts Irene
- Roden Dan M
- Rohwer Kristal
- Rosenzweig Erika B
- Ross Robert MacKenzie
- Ross Robert V MacKenzie
- Roughley Catherine
- Rowley Courtney
- Roy Noemi
- Sadeghi-Alavijeh Omid
- Saleem Moin
- Samani Nilesh
- Sanchis-Juan Alba
- Santiago Joseph
- Sargur Ravishankar
- Satchell Simon
- Savic Sinisa
- Saydain Ghulam
- Scelsi Laura
- Schiltz Kimberly
- Schilz Robert
- Schulman Sol
- Scovel Page
- Scully Marie
- Searle Claire
- Seeger Werner
- Sewell Carrock
- Seyres Denis
- Shaffer Christian M
- Shapiro Susie
- Sharmardina Olga
- Shtoyerman Rakefet
- Sibson Keith
- Side Lucy
- Simeoni Ilenia
- Simms Robert W
- Simon Marc
- Simpson Michael
- Singleton Donna
- Sitbon Olivier
- Sivapalaratnam Suthesh
- Skytte Anne-Bine
- Smith Katherine
- Smith Kenneth GC
- Snape Katie
- Soubrier Florent
- Southgate Laura
- Spears Jill
- Staines Simon
- Staples Emily
- Stark Hannah
- Stephens Jonathan
- Stirrups Kathleen
- Stock Sophie
- Stratoberdha Melissa
- Stratton Eric
- Suntharalingam Jay
- Swietlik Emilia
- Swietlik Emilia M
- Szuberla Sylwia
- Tait R Campbell
- Talks Kate
- Tan Rhea
- Tang Haiyang
- Tavlarides Andrea
- Tchourbanov Alexander Y
- Thaventhiran James
- Themistocleous Andreas
- Thenappan Thenappan
- Theuer Alison
- Thomas Moira
- Thomson Kate
- Thrasher Adrian
- Thys Chantal
- Tischkowitz Marc
- Titterton Catherine
- Toh Cheng-Hock
- Tomer David
- Torres Fernando
- Toshner Mark
- Toshner Mark R
- Traylor Matthew
- Treacy Carmen
- Treacy Carmen M
- Tregouet David-Alexandre
- Trembath Richard
- Trembath Richard C
- Tuna Salih
- Turek Wojciech
- Turk Erin
- Turro Ernest
- Ulrich Anna
- Urban Tracy
- Vale Tom
- Van Geet Chris
- Van Zuydam Natalie
- Vang Brenda
- Vazquez-Lopez Marta
- Visnaw Karen
- Von Ziegenweidt Julie
- Waisfisz Quinten
- Waisfisz Quintin
- Walker Suellen
- Walsworth Anna K
- Walter Robert E
- Warden Ashley
- Ware James
- Watkins Hugh
- Watt Christopher
- Webster Andrew
- Wei Wei
- Welch Steven
- Wessels Julie
- Westbury Sarah
- Westwood John-Paul
- Wharton John
- White R James
- Whitehorn Deborah
- Whitman Renesa
- Whitworth James
- Wilkins Martin R
- Williams Ann
- Williamson Catherine
- Wilson Opal
- Wilt Jeffrey
- Winslow Clayborne
- Wong Edwin
- Wood Nicholas
- Wood Yvette
- Woods Geoff
- Woodward Emma
- Wort Stephen
- Wort Stephen J
- Worth Austen
- Yates Katherine
- Yong Patrick
- Young Tim
- Yu Ping
- Yu-Wai-Man Patrick
- Yung Delphine
- Ziemak Caitlin
- Publication venue
- Lancet Respir Med
- Publication date
- 26/09/2018
- Field of study
BACKGROUND: Rare genetic variants cause pulmonary arterial hypertension, but the contribution of common genetic variation to disease risk and natural history is poorly characterised. We tested for genome-wide association for pulmonary arterial hypertension in large international cohorts and assessed the contribution of associated regions to outcomes. METHODS: We did two separate genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and a meta-analysis of pulmonary arterial hypertension. These GWAS used data from four international case-control studies across 11 744 individuals with European ancestry (including 2085 patients). One GWAS used genotypes from 5895 whole-genome sequences and the other GWAS used genotyping array data from an additional 5849 individuals. Cross-validation of loci reaching genome-wide significance was sought by meta-analysis. Conditional analysis corrected for the most significant variants at each locus was used to resolve signals for multiple associations. We functionally annotated associated variants and tested associations with duration of survival. All-cause mortality was the primary endpoint in survival analyses. FINDINGS: A locus near SOX17 (rs10103692, odds ratio 1·80 [95% CI 1·55-2·08], p=5·13 × 10-15) and a second locus in HLA-DPA1 and HLA-DPB1 (collectively referred to as HLA-DPA1/DPB1 here; rs2856830, 1·56 [1·42-1·71], p=7·65 × 10-20) within the class II MHC region were associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension. The SOX17 locus had two independent signals associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (rs13266183, 1·36 [1·25-1·48], p=1·69 × 10-12; and rs10103692). Functional and epigenomic data indicate that the risk variants near SOX17 alter gene regulation via an enhancer active in endothelial cells. Pulmonary arterial hypertension risk variants determined haplotype-specific enhancer activity, and CRISPR-mediated inhibition of the enhancer reduced SOX17 expression. The HLA-DPA1/DPB1 rs2856830 genotype was strongly associated with survival. Median survival from diagnosis in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension with the C/C homozygous genotype was double (13·50 years [95% CI 12·07 to >13·50]) that of those with the T/T genotype (6·97 years [6·02-8·05]), despite similar baseline disease severity. INTERPRETATION: This is the first study to report that common genetic variation at loci in an enhancer near SOX17 and in HLA-DPA1/DPB1 is associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Impairment of SOX17 function might be more common in pulmonary arterial hypertension than suggested by rare mutations in SOX17. Further studies are needed to confirm the association between HLA typing or rs2856830 genotyping and survival, and to determine whether HLA typing or rs2856830 genotyping improves risk stratification in clinical practice or trials. FUNDING: UK NIHR, BHF, UK MRC, Dinosaur Trust, NIH/NHLBI, ERS, EMBO, Wellcome Trust, EU, AHA, ACClinPharm, Netherlands CVRI, Dutch Heart Foundation, Dutch Federation of UMC, Netherlands OHRD and RNAS, German DFG, German BMBF, APH Paris, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, and French ANR
31st Annual Meeting and Associated Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016): part one
- Author
- Aarts Craig
- Abdallah Rehab
- Abdul-Alim Siddiq
- Abolhalaj Milad
- Abtin Fereidoun
- Acheson Anupama
- Acquavella Nicolas
- Adams Gregory P
- Adams Katherine
- Adams Sharon
- Adamus Tomasz
- Adekandi Madhukara
- Adurthi Sreenivas
- Adusumilli Prasad S
- Aeffner Famke
- Afentoulis Michael
- Ager Casey
- Aggouraki Despoina
- Agrawal Rajendra
- Agrawal Sudhir
- Agrawal Swati
- Ahlers Christoph M
- Ahmed Nabil
- Ahn Myung J
- Ahr Katya
- Ai Midan
- Aiba Rachida-Siham B
- Aisner Joseph
- Albertini Mark R
- Albertini Mark R
- Albiges Laurence
- Albright Andrew
- Albright Andrew
- Algazi Alain
- Ali Siraj
- Alicea Candido
- Allen Natalie
- Allersdorfer Andrea
- Alva Ajjai
- Amado Rafael
- Amaria Rodabe
- Ameratunga Malaka
- Amin Asim
- Amor Amira B
- Amrhein John
- Anagnostou Valsamo
- Andersen Rikke
- Andersen Rikke
- André Thierry
- Andtbacka Robert H I
- Angela Omilian
- Angell Helen K
- Annels Nicola
- Annunziata Christina M
- Ansa-Addo Ephraim A
- Ansari Tameem
- Antilla Marjukka
- Antonarakis Emmanuel S
- Antonarakis Emmanuel S
- Aoki Rhonda
- Armand Philippe
- Armand Philippe
- Armstrong Adam
- Arora Kshitij
- Arreaza Gladys
- Ascierto Paolo A
- Ashworth-Sharpe Julia
- Askmyr David
- Asmellash Senait
- Assadipour Yasmine
- Assenmacher Mario
- Athelogou Maria
- Atkins Michael B
- Atkins Michael B
- Atkins Michael B
- Attaf Meriem
- Au Gough
- Au-Young Janice
- Avery Kendra N
- Avery Kendra N
- Ayers Mark
- Ayers Mark
- Ayers Mark
- Azimi Vahid
- Aznar M. A
- Backert Linus
- Backes Floor J
- Bagg Eleanor A L
- Bahjat Keith
- Bajorin Dean
- Bakker Lex
- Balakumaran Arun
- Balakumaran Arun
- Balakumaran Arun
- Ballesteros-Merino Carmen
- Ballesteros-Merino Carmen
- Ballesteros-Merino Carmen
- Bander Neil
- Bang Yung-Jue
- Bannerji Rajat
- Baratelli Felicita E
- Barbee Susannah D
- Barlesi Fabrice
- Barrett Carl
- Barrett David
- Barth Carola
- Bartkowiak Todd
- Bartlett Nancy
- Basher Fahmin
- Bassett Roland
- Bassett Roland
- Basu Samik
- Bath Natalie
- Batista Luciana
- Bauer Todd
- Bauer Todd M
- Bauer Todd W
- Baughman Jan E
- Bayle J. H
- Baylin Stephen
- Beechem Joseph
- Beechem Joseph
- Beechem Joseph
- Beeson Craig
- Bellmunt Joaquim
- Bellmunt Joaquim
- Bellovin David I
- Beltran Nancy
- Bendell Johanna
- Bender James
- Bender James
- Bender James
- Bennett Alan D
- Bennett Mark K
- Bergamaschi Cristina
- Berger Frank
- Berger Sven
- Bergeron Derek
- Berglund Anders
- Berglund Sofia
- Bernatchez Chantale
- Bernett Matthew J
- Bernett Matthew J
- Bernstein Donna
- Bessell Catherine A
- Betts Gareth
- Beyer Sophie
- Bhanot Gyan
- Bhardwaj Nina
- Bhardwaj Nina
- Bhardwaj Nina
- Bhardwaj Rukmini
- Bhatia Shailender
- Bhatia Shailender
- Bhaumik Srabani
- Bianchi Valentina
- Bielamowicz Kevin
- Bieniarz Christopher
- Bifulco Carlo
- Bifulco Carlo
- Bifulco Carlo
- Bifulco Carlo
- Billingsley James M
- Binder-Scholl Gwendolyn
- Binder-Scholl Gwendolyn
- Binnig Gerd
- Birditt Brian
- Bivalacqua Trinity J
- Black Joshua C
- Black Joshua C
- Black Mary
- Blacklock Hilary
- Blackmon Shauna
- Blackmon Shauna
- Blaskovich Michelle A
- Blaskovich Michelle A
- Blaskovich Michelle A
- Blazar Bruce R
- Blitzer Grace
- Bonzon Christine
- Bonzon Christine
- Borch Troels H
- Borch Troels H
- Borges Luis
- Borkar Rohan N
- Bornschlegl Svetlana
- Bornschlegl Svetlana
- Bosch Marnix
- Bose Nandita
- Bossen Bolette
- Bot Adrian
- Botti Gerardo
- Boudadi Karim
- Boussiotis Vassiliki A
- Brahmer Julie
- Bramson Jonathan
- Bramson Jonathan
- Brenner Malcolm K
- Brett Sara
- Brevard Julie
- Brewer Joanna
- Brieu Nicolas
- Brisson Ryan
- Brody Joshua
- Brunazzi Erin
- Bruno Tullia C
- Bryant Bonita
- Bshara Wiam
- Bu Xia
- Buchner Alexander
- Bucsek Mark
- Budhani Pratha
- Bullock Timothy N
- Bullock Timothy N
- Burger Michael C
- Burgess Melissa
- Burgher Blake
- Burgher Blake
- Burk Chad
- Butterfield Lisa H
- Byrd David
- Byrd John
- Byrd Tiara
- Callahan Margaret K
- Campbell Mary
- Campbell Tracy
- Canter Robert J
- Canter Robert J
- Cao Alexander
- Carmichael Lakeesha
- Caron Christine
- Carpentier Sabrina
- Carpio Cecilia
- Carretero-Iglesia Laura
- Carvajal-Hausdorf Daniel
- Caspell Richard
- Caux Christophe
- Cecchi Fabiola
- Celis Esteban
- Cerkovnik Logan
- Cervera-Carrascón Víctor
- Chacon Jessica
- Chagin Karen
- Chakraborty Paramita
- Champagne Monique
- Chan Anthony T C
- Chan Nancy
- Chan Timothy A
- Chandran Smita
- Chandrasekhar Talapaneni
- Chang Peter
- Chang Serena
- Chao Mark
- Chatterjee Shilpak
- Chaudhri Apoorvi
- Cheever Martin
- Chen Amanda
- Chen Hui
- Chen Jie Q
- Chen Lawrence
- Chen Lieping
- Chen Mei
- Chen Mingyi
- Chen Shuming
- Chen Xiufen
- Cheng Jonathan
- Cheng Jonathan
- Cheng Zhi-jie J
- Chikina Maria
- Chin Renee
- Chinnasamy Harshini
- Chlosta Sabine
- Chlosta Sabine
- Choi Minsig
- Choueiri Toni K
- Choueiri Toni K
- Christian Beth
- Chu Liz
- Chu Seung
- Chu Seung
- Chunduru Srinivas
- Clark Joseph I
- Clayburgh Daniel R
- Clement Amanda
- Clements Erin
- Cohen Lewis
- Cohen Zvi
- Colevas A D
- Collins Jennifer
- Colyer Duncan
- Cong Mei
- Conlin Alison
- Conlon Kevin
- Conrad Valerie
- Conroy Jeff
- Conroy Jeff
- Copeland Larry
- Copploa Domenico
- Cordes Lisa
- Cornfeld Mark
- Cortina Luis
- Coussens Lisa M
- Couto Joseph
- Coveler Andrew L
- Crabill George
- Cristescu Razvan
- Cristescu Razvan
- Crocker Andrea
- Cui Weiguo
- Culp William
- Cumberbatch Kerwin
- Curran Michael
- Curti Brendan
- Curti Brendan
- Curti Brendan
- Curti Brendan
- Dadey Rebekah
- Daenthanasanmak Anusara
- Dai Zhimin
- Damare Sherri
- Dammassa Ernesta
- Danaher Patrick
- Danaher Patrick
- Danforth David
- Daud Adil
- Davar Diwakar
- Davenport Anna
- David Larry
- Davies Bronwyn
- Davies Michael A
- Davies Michael A
- Davis Tom
- De Bono Johann
- De Macedo Mariana P
- de Oliveira Moacyr R
- De Santis Maria
- de Wit Ronald
- Deacon Donna H
- Deacon Donna H
- Deeds Michael
- Del Pilar Estevez Diz Maria
- Delcommenne Marc
- Delgoffe Greg M
- Delgoffe Greg M
- Delgoffe Greg M
- Delismon Judy
- Denisova Galina
- Dennis Lucas
- Dennis Lucas
- Deol Abhinav
- Derakhshandeh Roshanak
- DeRenzo Christopher
- Desai Jayesh
- Desai Niyati
- Deshpande Amit
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- Topalian Suzanne
- Toth Kyle
- Tran Ben
- Trebska-McGowan Kasia
- Trehu Elizabeth
- Tribble Nicholas
- Trimble Cornelia L
- Tsai Katy
- Tsang Kwong
- Tsang Kwong
- Tsao Tsu-Shuen
- Tsourkas Andrew
- Tsujikawa Takahiro
- Tufman Amanda
- Tumeh Paul
- Tumeh Paul C
- Turcotte Simon
- Tykodi Scott
- Uemura Marc
- Uger Robert
- Uhlik Mark
- Uhlin Michael
- Uhlin Michael
- Urba Walter
- Urba Walter
- Urba Walter
- Urba Walter
- Uribe Diana
- Vaishampayan Ulka
- Vaishampayan Ulka
- Valsesia-Wittmann Sandrine
- van den Brink Marcel R M
- Van den Eynde Marc
- van Hoef Vincent
- van Loo Pieter F
- Vandeven Natalie
- Varadarajan Navin
- Varadhachary Gauri R
- Vasaturo Angela
- Vaske Charles
- Vasselli James
- Veerapathran Anandaraman
- Velcheti Vamsidhar
- Velcheti Vamsidhar
- Veninga Henrike
- Vetsika E-K
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- Villabona Lisa
- Villalobos Victor M
- Villarroel Patricio P
- Viller Natasja N
- Vitale Laura A
- Vitale Laura A
- Vocka Michal
- Volkmer Jens-Peter
- Voss Martin
- Vuyyuru Raja
- Wagner Joel P
- Wakefield Jessica
- Wakelee Heather A
- Waldmann Anja
- Waldmann Thomas
- Wallace William D
- Waller Edmund K
- Walser Tonya C
- Walsh William
- Wan Ee
- Wan Ee
- Wan Ee
- Wang Chichung
- Wang Chun-Wei
- Wang Daqing
- Wang Gerald
- Wang Hao
- Wang Judy S
- Wang Lai
- Wang Ziming
- Wang Ziming
- Wardell Seth
- Wardell Seth
- Wargo Jennifer
- Wargo Jennifer
- Warren Sarah
- Warren Sarah
- Warren Sarah
- Wassman Karl
- Watkins Simon
- Webb Tonya J
- Weber James
- Weber Jeffrey
- Weber Jeffrey
- Weber Jeffrey
- Weber Sharon
- Webster Philippa
- Wei Ziewn
- Weidlick Jeffrey
- Weigel Tracey
- Weinberg Andrew
- Weinberg Andrew
- Weissbrich Bianca
- Weissman Irving L
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- Wennerberg Erik
- Wenthe Jessica
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- White Andrew M
- White Andrew M
- White Eileen
- Whiting Sam
- Widger Jenifer
- Wiedenmann Alexander
- Wiedermann Guy
- Wiegand Volker
- Wiener Doris
- Wigginton Jon
- William Loging
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- Winter Hauke
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- Witt Kristina
- Wolchok Jedd D
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- Wolfson Martin
- Wondyfraw Nebiyu
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- Woodman Scott
- Woods David
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- Wu Haiyan
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- Yearley Jennifer
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- Yee Cassian
- Yehuda Dina B
- Yigitsoy Mehmet
- Yimer Habte
- Yonemitsu Yoshikazu
- Yoshino Takayuki
- Yu Evan Y
- Yu Wendy
- Yu Xuezhong
- Yu Zhiya
- Yu Zhiya
- Yusko Erik
- Zacharakis Nikolaos
- Zaharoff David
- Zamarin Dmitriy
- Zang Xingxing
- Zanhow Cynthia
- Zappasodi Roberta
- Zarour Hassane
- Zavadova Eva
- Zehn Dietmar
- Zeng Gang
- Zeng Xue
- Zha Yuanyuan
- Zhang Bingqing
- Zhang Congcong
- Zhang Hongjun
- Zhang Hua
- Zhang Hui
- Zhang Jian
- Zhang Jinyu
- Zhang Liping
- Zhang Maggie
- Zhang Wenjun
- Zhang Xiaonan
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- Zhang Yayan
- Zhao Fei
- Zhao Xingli
- Zhao Zeguo
- Zhong Shi
- Zhu Baogong
- Zhu Cheng
- Zhu Yifei
- Zi Tong
- Zi Tong
- Zimarino Carlo
- Zinzani Pier L
- Zinzani Pier L
- Zoon Kathryn C
- Zuleger Cindy
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 27/03/2018
- Field of study
Recommended from our members
31st Annual Meeting and Associated Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016): part one: National Harbor, MD, USA. 9-13 November 2016
- Author
- Aarts Craig
- Abdallah Rehab
- Abdul-Alim Siddiq
- Abolhalaj Milad
- Abtin Fereidoun
- Acheson Anupama
- Acquavella Nicolas
- Adams Gregory P.
- Adams Katherine
- Adams Sharon
- Adamus Tomasz
- Adekandi Madhukara
- Adurthi Sreenivas
- Adusumilli Prasad S.
- Aeffner Famke
- Afentoulis Michael
- Ager Casey
- Aggouraki Despoina
- Agrawal Rajendra
- Agrawal Sudhir
- Agrawal Swati
- Ahlers Christoph Matthias
- Ahmed Nabil
- Ahn Myung Ju
- Ahr Katya
- Ai Midan
- Aiba Rachida-Siham Bel
- Aisner Joseph
- Albertini Mark R.
- Albiges Laurence
- Albright Andrew
- Algazi Alain
- Ali Siraj
- Alicea Candido
- Allen Natalie
- Allersdorfer Andrea
- Alva Ajjai
- Amado Rafael
- Amaria Rodabe
- Ameratunga Malaka
- Amin Asim
- Amor Amira Ben
- Amrhein John
- Anagnostou Valsamo
- Andersen Rikke
- André Thierry
- Andtbacka Robert H. I.
- Angela Omilian
- Angell Helen K.
- Annels Nicola
- Annunziata Christina M.
- Ansa-Addo Ephraim A
- Ansari Tameem
- Antilla Marjukka
- Antonarakis Emmanuel S.
- Aoki Rhonda
- Armand Philippe
- Armstrong Adam
- Arora Kshitij
- Arreaza Gladys
- Ascierto Paolo A.
- Ashworth-Sharpe Julia
- Askmyr David
- Asmellash Senait
- Assadipour Yasmine
- Assenmacher Mario
- Athelogou Maria
- Atkins Michael B.
- Attaf Meriem
- Au Gough
- Au-Young Janice
- Avery Kendra N.
- Ayers Mark
- Azimi Vahid
- Aznar M. Angela
- Backert Linus
- Backes Floor J.
- Bagg Eleanor A. L.
- Bahjat Keith
- Bajorin Dean
- Bakker Lex
- Balakumaran Arun
- Ballesteros-Merino Carmen
- Bander Neil
- Bang Yung-Jue
- Bannerji Rajat
- Baratelli Felicita E.
- Barbee Susannah D.
- Barlesi Fabrice
- Barrett Carl
- Barrett David
- Barth Carola
- Bartkowiak Todd
- Bartlett Nancy
- Basher Fahmin
- Bassett Roland
- Basu Samik
- Bath Natalie
- Batista Luciana
- Bauer Todd
- Bauer Todd M.
- Bauer Todd W.
- Baughman Jan E.
- Bayle J. Henri
- Baylin Stephen
- Beechem Joseph
- Beeson Craig
- Bellmunt Joaquim
- Bellovin David I.
- Beltran Nancy
- Bendell Johanna
- Bender James
- Bennett Alan D.
- Bennett Mark K.
- Bergamaschi Cristina
- Berger Frank
- Berger Sven
- Bergeron Derek
- Berglund Anders
- Berglund Sofia
- Bernatchez Chantale
- Bernett Matthew J.
- Bernstein Donna
- Bessell Catherine A.
- Betts Gareth
- Beyer Sophie
- Bhanot Gyan
- Bhardwaj Nina
- Bhardwaj Rukmini
- Bhatia Shailender
- Bhaumik Srabani
- Bianchi Valentina
- Bielamowicz Kevin
- Bieniarz Christopher
- Bifulco Carlo
- Billingsley James M.
- Binder-Scholl Gwendolyn
- Binnig Gerd
- Birditt Brian
- Bivalacqua Trinity J.
- Black Joshua C.
- Black Mary
- Blacklock Hilary
- Blackmon Shauna
- Blaskovich Michelle A.
- Blazar Bruce R.
- Blitzer Grace
- Bonzon Christine
- Borch Troels Holz
- Borges Luis
- Borkar Rohan N.
- Bornschlegl Svetlana
- Bosch Marnix
- Bose Nandita
- Bossen Bolette
- Bot Adrian
- Botti Gerardo
- Boudadi Karim
- Boussiotis Vassiliki A.
- Brahmer Julie
- Bramson Jonathan
- Brenner Malcolm K.
- Brett Sara
- Brevard Julie
- Brewer Joanna
- Brieu Nicolas
- Brisson Ryan
- Brody Joshua
- Brunazzi Erin
- Bruno Tullia C.
- Bryant Bonita
- Bshara Wiam
- Bu Xia
- Buchner Alexander
- Bucsek Mark
- Budhani Pratha
- Bullock Timothy N.
- Burger Michael C.
- Burgess Melissa
- Burgher Blake
- Burk Chad
- Butterfield Lisa H.
- Byrd David
- Byrd John
- Byrd Tiara
- Callahan Margaret K.
- Campbell Mary
- Campbell Tracy
- Canter Robert J.
- Cao Alexander
- Carmichael Lakeesha
- Caron Christine
- Carpentier Sabrina
- Carpio Cecilia
- Carretero-Iglesia Laura
- Carvajal-Hausdorf Daniel
- Caspell Richard
- Caux Christophe
- Cecchi Fabiola
- Celis Esteban
- Cerkovnik Logan
- Cervera-Carrascón Víctor
- Chacon Jessica
- Chagin Karen
- Chakraborty Paramita
- Champagne Monique
- Chan Anthony T. C.
- Chan Nancy
- Chan Timothy A.
- Chandran Smita
- Chandrasekhar Talapaneni
- Chang Peter
- Chang Serena
- Chao Mark
- Chatterjee Shilpak
- Chaudhri Apoorvi
- Cheever Martin
- Chen Amanda
- Chen Hui
- Chen Jie Qing
- Chen Lawrence
- Chen Lieping
- Chen Mei
- Chen Mingyi
- Chen Shuming
- Chen Xiufen
- Cheng Jonathan
- Cheng Zhi-jie Jey
- Chikina Maria
- Chin Renee
- Chinnasamy Harshini
- Chlosta Sabine
- Choi Minsig
- Choueiri Toni K.
- Christian Beth
- Chu Liz
- Chu Seung
- Chunduru Srinivas
- Clark Joseph I.
- Clayburgh Daniel R.
- Clement Amanda
- Clements Erin
- Cohen Lewis
- Cohen Zvi
- Colevas A Dimitrios
- Collins Jennifer
- Colyer Duncan
- Cong Mei
- Conlin Alison
- Conlon Kevin
- Conrad Valerie
- Conroy Jeff
- Copeland Larry
- Copploa Domenico
- Cordes Lisa
- Cornfeld Mark
- Cortina Luis
- Coussens Lisa M.
- Couto Joseph
- Coveler Andrew L.
- Crabill George
- Cristescu Razvan
- Crocker Andrea
- Cui Weiguo
- Culp William
- Cumberbatch Kerwin
- Curran Michael
- Curti Brendan
- Dadey Rebekah
- Daenthanasanmak Anusara
- Dai Zhimin
- Damare Sherri
- Dammassa Ernesta
- Danaher Patrick
- Danforth David
- Daud Adil
- Davar Diwakar
- Davenport Anna
- David Larry
- Davies Bronwyn
- Davies Michael A.
- Davis Tom
- De Bono Johann
- De Macedo Mariana Petaccia
- de Oliveira Moacyr Ribeiro
- De Santis Maria
- de Wit Ronald
- Deacon Donna H.
- Deeds Michael
- Del Pilar Estevez Diz Maria
- Delcommenne Marc
- Delgoffe Greg M.
- Delismon Judy
- Denisova Galina
- Dennis Lucas
- Deol Abhinav
- Derakhshandeh Roshanak
- DeRenzo Christopher
- Desai Jayesh
- Desai Niyati
- Deshpande Amit
- Deshpande Vikram
- Desjarlais John
- Deveraux Quinn
- DeVito Anna Marie
- Devlin Sean
- Dey Chaitali
- Dhudashia Amit
- di Pietro Alessandra
- Diab Adi
- Diaz Luis A.
- Diaz-Lagares Angel
- Dietz Allan B.
- Ding Naiqing
- Ding Wei
- Disis Mary L.
- Dobson Jason R.
- Docta Roslin
- Dolstra Harry
- Dolton Garry
- Donda Alena
- Donia Marco
- Donovan Michael Joseph
- doo Chang Young
- Doody Jacqueline
- Dotti Gianpietro
- Dougherty Janna
- Downing Sean
- Dragnev Konstanin
- Drake Charles G.
- Dranoff Glenn
- Draper Lindsey M.
- Drechsel Katharina
- Dreicer Robert
- Dubay Christopher
- Dubey Aparajita
- Dubinett Steven M.
- Dubois Sigrid
- Duhen Rebekka
- Duhen Thomas
- Dummer Reinhard
- Dunaway Dwayne
- Duncan Brynn
- Dundr Pavel
- Duong MyLinh
- Dutour Aurélie
- Dyson Gregory
- D’Amico Leonard
- Eagan Maribeth A.
- Early Brandon
- Eckelman Brendan P.
- Egevad Lars
- Ehrmann Jon M.
- El Rassi Edward
- Elashoff David A.
- Elliott Nathan
- Emens Leisha
- Enblad Gunilla
- Erdag Gulsun
- Ernstoff Marc S.
- Essand Magnus
- Esteller Manel
- Evans Kathy
- Evans Lawrence
- Eyquem Justin
- Fakhrejahani Farhad
- Falchook Gerald
- Fan Aaron
- Fan Frank
- Fang Victoria
- Fantini Massimo
- Fardis Maria
- Faries Mark
- Faroudi Mustapha
- Farrell Michael
- Fast Loren
- Felber Barbara
- Feldman Steven A.
- Feng Dai
- Fernando Ingrid
- Ferris Robert
- Ferris Robert L.
- Fieschi Jacques
- Fisher George A.
- Fling Steven
- Flint Paul W.
- Forrest-Hay Alex
- Fosco Dominick
- Foster Aaron E.
- Fotin-Mleczek Mariola
- Fousek Kristen
- Fox Bernard
- Fox Maxine
- Francis Nicole
- Frank Ian
- Frankel Melissa
- Fraser Kathryn
- Frayssinet Véronique
- Freeman Gordon J.
- Freese Katharina
- Frey Alan
- Friedlander Michael L.
- Friedlander Philip
- Fritsch Edward
- Fry Terry
- Fu Siqing
- Fujii Rika
- Fulton Ross B.
- Gajewski Thomas F.
- Galon Jérôme
- Gan Hui
- Gan Jacek
- Ganesan Shridar
- Gangadhar Tara C.
- Gangxiong Huang
- Gao Qian
- Gardai Shyra J.
- Gardner Mark
- Garon Edward B.
- Garrabrant Thomas
- Garrett-Mayer Elizabeth
- Gartner Jared J.
- Gartrell Benjamin
- Garvin Denise
- Gastineau Dennis A.
- Gastman Brian
- Gause Christine
- Geib James
- Geiss Gary
- Geller Melissa
- Georgoulias V.
- Gerken Claudia
- Gerry Andrew
- Gershan Jill
- Gershenson Zack
- Ghaffari Mahsa
- Ghori Razi
- Gianani Roberto
- Gilden Julia
- Gill Saar
- Gillies Stephen D.
- Giralt Sergio
- Giri Rajanish
- Gitlitz Barbara
- Giver Cynthia R.
- Glenn Sean
- Glitza Isabella
- Glod John
- Gnad-Vogt Ulrike
- Goel Sanjay
- Goff Stephanie
- Goff Stephanie L.
- Gojo Ivana
- Gokuldass Aishwarya
- Goldinger Simone
- Goldman Jonathan W.
- Goldschmidt Hartmut
- Goldstein Joel
- Gonzalez Denise
- Gonzalez Iliana
- Gonzalez Ricardo
- Gorden Keith
- Gormley Michael
- Gottschalk Stephen
- Govindappa Nagaraja
- Gowda Nagaraj
- Gowda Nagesh
- Graff Jeremy
- Grailer Jamison
- Graziano Robert F.
- Green Daniel S.
- Gregory Gareth
- Greiff Lennart
- Grilley-Olson Juneko E.
- Grimaldi Antonio
- Grose Mark
- Gross Matt
- Grossenbacher Steven
- Grossenbacher Steven K.
- Grupp Stephan
- Gschwendt Juergen
- Gu Xuemin
- Guan Wei
- Guindani Michele
- Gulley James
- Gulley James L
- Gunset Gertrude
- Gustafson Michael P.
- Guyre Cheryl A.
- Haanen John B.
- Habensus Iva
- Hackl Hubert
- Hacohen Nir
- Hadrup Sine Reker
- Hagberg Hans
- Hahn Noah M.
- Halaban Ruth
- Hall MacLean
- Halmos Balazs
- Hamadani Mehdi
- Hamid Omid
- Hamieh Mohamad
- Hamilton Garth
- Hammill Joanne
- Hamzaoui Kamel
- Handy John
- Hank Jacquelyn A.
- Hanks Brent
- Hanks Brent A.
- Hanson Jodi
- Harada Yui
- Harder Nathalie
- Hare Thomas W.
- Harrington Kevin
- Hartig Greg
- Hartmann Arndt
- Hartnett Jim
- Harvey Christopher
- Hastings William D.
- Hata Chelsie Y.
- Hatz Rudolf
- Haussler David
- Havel Jonathan
- Havunen Riikka
- Haydu Lauren E.
- Haymaker Cara
- He Li-Zhen
- He Ming-Xiao
- Heath Elisabeth
- Hedvat Michael
- Heery Christopher
- Heery Christopher R.
- Hegde Meenakshi
- Helman Sarah R.
- Helsen Christopher
- Helwig Christoph
- Hembrough Todd
- Hemminki Akseli
- Hendricks Kyle
- Henningsohn Lars
- Henry MaryBeth
- Hermitte Fabienne
- Herzog Thomas
- Hessel Harald
- Hinner Marlon J.
- Hinrichs Christian S.
- Hirsch Brooke
- Hirsch Heather A.
- Hirshfield Kim M.
- Hodge James W.
- Hodgson Darren R.
- Hodkinson Brendan P.
- Hoerr Ingmar
- Holdich Tom
- Holtzhausen Alisha
- Hong David
- Hong Henoch S.
- Hong Ruey-Long
- Horne William
- Horton Brendan
- Houot Roch
- Hovgaard Dorrit
- Howe Karen
- Howells-Ferreira Ana
- Hoyt Clifford
- Hsiao Chin-Fu
- Hsu Jennifer
- Hu Xintao
- Hua Ping
- Huang Alan
- Huang Hongying
- Hubbard Antony
- Huber Rudolf M.
- Huh Warner
- Huhn Richard D.
- Hulett Tyler
- Huss Ralf
- Hutnick Natalie A.
- Hutson Thomas
- Hwang Jimmy
- Hwu Patrick
- Hwu Wen-Jen
- Hyland Fiona
- Hylander Bonnie
- Höglund Martin
- Ignacio Eduardo
- Iida Shinsuke
- Jagannath Sundar
- Jaiswal Ashvin
- Jakobsen Bent
- Jallas Anne-Catherine
- James Marihella
- Jandus Camilla
- Jaquin Thomas
- Jayant Kumar
- Jennewein Lukas
- Jenq Robert
- Jensen Shawn
- Jeyakumar Ghayathri
- Ji He
- Jiang Aimin
- Jin Benjamin
- Jing Junping
- Jing Weiqing
- Jochems Caroline
- Joe Andrew
- Johnson Bryon D.
- Johnson Donald
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- Johnson Susan
- Jones Kyle S.
- Jones Tobin
- Joseph Sujith
- Joshi Bharat H.
- Joshi Nikhil
- Joy Mary
- Juhler-Nøttrup Trine
- June Carl H.
- Jung Jaemyeong
- Junker Niels
- Jure-Kunkel Maria
- Jurisica Igor
- Jäger Dirk
- Kaiser Andrew
- Kallen Karl-Josef
- Kallergi G.
- Kalra Mamta
- Kamat Ashish
- Kamat Ashish M.
- Kamenyeva Olena
- Kammula Udai
- Kane Michael
- Kang S Peter
- Kang S. Peter
- Kangas Takashi O.
- Kao Hsiang-Fong
- Kari Gabor
- Karlsson Hannah
- Karp Judith E.
- Karpathy Roberta
- Karulin Alexey
- Kates Max
- Katsarlinos P.
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- Kaufman David R.
- Kaufman Howard L.
- Kaufmann Daniel
- Kauh John S.
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- Keefe Stephen
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- Kemmer Kathleen
- Kenderian Saad
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- Kher Uma
- Khushalani Nikhil
- Kiany Simin
- Kiessling Rolf
- Kilgour Elaine
- Kim Bong-Hyun
- Kim Byoung-Gie
- Kim Dae Won
- Kim Heejin
- Kim Jeffrey
- Kim Joseph W.
- Kim Kyoung-Mee
- Kim KyungMann
- Kim Miriam
- Kim Namyong
- Kim Rebecca
- Kim Richard
- Kim Seongho
- Kim Seung-Tae
- Kim Sung
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- Kirkwood John M.
- Kjeldsen Julie Westerlin
- Klebanoff Christopher
- Kleinerman Eugenie S.
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- Kochenderfer James N.
- Kodumudi Krithika
- Koegler Sally
- Koguchi Yoshinobu
- Kohlbacher Oliver
- Kohler M. Eric
- Kohrt Holbrook
- Koinis Filippos
- Kolls Jay
- Kolrep Ulrike
- Kongsted Per
- Koon Henry
- Kopits Charlene
- Koppolu Bhanu
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- Kornacker Michael
- Kortylewski Marcin
- Koshiji Minori
- Kosmeder Jerome
- Kosmides Alyssa
- Kothari Nishi
- Kotsakis Athanasios
- Kraman Matthew
- Krarup-Hansen Anders
- Krenciute Giedre
- Kriley Isaac
- Krishnan Suba
- Krogsgaard Michelle
- Krueger Joseph
- Ku Yuan-Chieh
- Kudchadkar Ragini
- Kulesz-Martin Molly F.
- Kulkarni Anupriya
- Kumai Takumi
- Kumar Shaji
- Kumar Sushil
- Kummar Shivaani
- Kurland John
- Kuruvilla John
- Kyi Chrisann
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- Le Julie
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- Lee Jay M.
- Lee Jean K.
- Lee Jeeyun
- Lee Mi-Heon
- Lee Sung Sook
- Lee Sylvia
- Lee Tien
- Lee Tsai-Jan
- Lee Victor
- Legut Mateusz
- Lehmann Paul
- Leighl Natasha
- Leland Pamela
- Leonardo Steven
- Levitan Diane
- Levitsky Victor
- Levy Ronald
- Lewis Stacy
- Li Jian-Ming
- Li Jingxia
- Li Kang
- Li Roger
- Li Wenting
- Li Yanyun
- Li Zihai
- Liadi Ivan
- Liang Shuo
- Liang Yan
- Liberman Moishe
- Lin
- Lin Jin-Ching
- Lin Ying Q.
- Lindner Michael
- Lindstedt Malin
- Liu Baorui
- Liu Fang
- Liu Jacqueline
- Liu Jie
- Liu Tsang-Wu
- Liu Xiao Qiao
- Loboda Andrey
- Loffredo John T.
- Logan Theodore
- Lonial Sagar
- Looney Tim
- Lorent Julie
- Loriot Yohann
- Loskog Angelica
- Lotze Michael T.
- Lou Pei-Jen
- Louis Chrystal
- Lowe Jamie
- Lowther Daniel E.
- Loya Anand Chainsukh
- Lu An
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- Lunceford Jared
- Lundberg Kristina
- Lundqvist Andreas
- Lundy Joanne
- Luo Lusong
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- Luznik Leo
- Lye Melvin
- Lyngaa Rikke
- Lyristi Z.
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- MacDonald Cameron
- Mackall Crystal
- MacKinnon Andy
- Madan Ravi
- Madonna Gabriele
- Maecker Holden
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- Pestic-Dragovich Lidija
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- Petroni Gina
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- Vaske Charles
- Vasselli James
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- Villarroel Patricio Pérez
- Viller Natasja Nielsen
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- Wargo Jennifer
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- Wennerberg Erik
- Wenthe Jessica
- Westergaard Marie Christine Wulff
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- Wiedermann Guy
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- Winter Hauke
- Withers Sita
- Witjes J. Alfred
- Witt Kristina
- Wolchok Jedd D.
- Wolfson Martin
- Wondyfraw Nebiyu
- Wong Philip
- Wong Ryan
- Woodman Scott
- Woods David
- Workman Creg
- Wu Catherine J.
- Wu Haiyan
- Wu Jennifer
- Wunderlich John
- Wydro Mateusz
- Xiao Christine
- Xiao Weihua
- Xin Gang
- Xu Hui
- Xue Allen
- Yamamoto Tori
- Yanagawa Jane
- Yang James
- Yang Jason
- Yang Richard
- Yearley Jennifer
- Yee Andrew J.
- Yee Cassian
- Yehuda Dina Ben
- Yigitsoy Mehmet
- Yimer Habte
- Yonemitsu Yoshikazu
- Yoshino Takayuki
- Yu Evan Y.
- Yu Wendy
- Yu Xuezhong
- Yu Zhiya
- Yusko Erik
- Zacharakis Nikolaos
- Zaharoff David
- Zamarin Dmitriy
- Zang Xingxing
- Zanhow Cynthia
- Zappasodi Roberta
- Zarour Hassane
- Zavadova Eva
- Zehn Dietmar
- Zeng Gang
- Zeng Xue
- Zha Yuanyuan
- Zhang Bingqing
- Zhang Congcong
- Zhang Hongjun
- Zhang Hua
- Zhang Hui
- Zhang Jian
- Zhang Jinyu
- Zhang Liping
- Zhang Maggie
- Zhang Wenjun
- Zhang Xiaonan
- Zhang Yayan
- Zhao Fei
- Zhao Xingli
- Zhao Zeguo
- Zhong Shi
- Zhu Baogong
- Zhu Cheng
- Zhu Yifei
- Zi Tong
- Zimarino Carlo
- Zinzani Pier Luigi
- Zoon Kathryn C.
- Zuleger Cindy
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 03/01/2017
- Field of study
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- Author
- Abdalla Fabio C
- Abeliovich Hagai
- Abraham Robert T
- Acevedo Arozena Abraham
- Adeli Khosrow
- Agholme Lotta
- Agnello Maria
- Agostinis Patrizia
- Aguirre Ghiso Julio A
- Ahn Hyung Jun
- Ait Mohamed Ouardia
- Ait Si Ali Slimane
- Akematsu Takahiko
- Akira Shizuo
- Al Younes Hesham M
- Al Zeer Munir A
- Albert Matthew L
- Albin Roger L
- Alegre Abarrategui Javier
- Aleo Maria Francesca
- Alirezaei Mehrdad
- Almasan Alexandru
- Almonte Becerril Maylin
- Amano Atsuo
- Amaravadi Ravi
- Amarnath Shoba
- Amer Amal O
- Anantharam Vellareddy
- Andrieu Abadie Nathalie
- Ann David K
- Anoopkumar Dukie Shailendra
- Aoki Hiroshi
- Apostolova Nadezda
- Arancia Giuseppe
- Aris John P
- Asanuma Katsuhiko
- Asare Nana Y. O
- Ashida Hisashi
- Askanas Valerie
- Askew David S
- Auberger Patrick
- B\ue1nhegyi G\ue1bor
- B\ue9chet Daniel M
- Baba Misuzu
- Backues Steven K
- Baehrecke Eric H
- Bahr Ben A
- Bai Xue Yuan
- Bailly Yannick
- Baiocchi Robert
- Baldini Giulia
- Balduini Walter
- Ballabio Andrea
- Bamber Bruce A
- Bampton Edward T. W
- Bartholomew Clinton R
- Bassham Diane C
- Bast Robert C
- Batoko Henri
- Bay Boon Huat
- Beau Isabelle
- Begley Thomas J
- Behl Christian
- Behrends Christian
- Bekri Soumeya
- Bellaire Bryan
- Bendall Linda J
- Benetti Luca
- Berliocchi Laura
- Bernardi Henri
- Bernassola Francesca
- Besteiro S\ue9bastien
- Bhatia Kissova Ingrid
- Bi Xiaoning
- Biard Piechaczyk Martine
- Blum Janice S
- Boise Lawrence H
- Bonaldo Paolo
- Boone David L
- Bornhauser Beat C
- Bortoluci Karina R
- Bossis Ioannis
- Bost Fr\ue9d\ue9ric
- Bourquin Jean Pierre
- Boya Patricia
- Boyer Guittaut Micha\uebl
- Bozhkov Peter V
- Brady Nathan R
- BRANCOLINI Claudio
- Brech Andreas
- Brenman Jay E
- Brennand Ana
- Bresnick Emery H
- Brest Patrick
- Bridges Dave
- Bristol Molly L
- Brookes Paul S
- Brown Eric J
- Brumell John H
- Brunetti Pierri Nicola
- Brunk Ulf T
- Bulman Dennis E
- Bultman Scott J
- Bultynck Geert
- Burbulla Lena F
- Bursch Wilfried
- Butchar Jonathan P
- Buzgariu Wanda
- Bydlowski Sergio P
- Cadwell Ken
- Cahov\ue1 Monika
- Cai Dongsheng
- Cai Jiyang
- Cai Qian
- Calabretta Bruno
- Calvo Garrido Javier
- Camougrand Nadine
- Campanella Michelangelo
- Campos Salinas Jenny
- Candi Eleonora
- Cao Lizhi
- Caplan Allan B
- Carding Simon R
- Cardoso Sandra M
- Carew Jennifer S
- Carlin Cathleen R
- Carmignac Virginie
- Carneiro Leticia A. M
- Carra Serena
- Caruso Rosario A
- Casari Giorgio
- Casas Caty
- Castino Roberta
- Cebollero Eduardo
- Cecconi Francesco
- Celli Jean
- Chaachouay Hassan
- Chae Han Jung
- Chai Chee Yin
- Chan David C
- Chan Edmond Y
- Chang Raymond Chuen Chung
- Che Chi Ming
- Chen Ching Chow
- Chen Guang Chao
- Chen Guo Qiang
- Chen Min
- Chen Quan
- Chen Steve S. L
- Chen Wenli
- Chen Xi
- Chen Xiangmei
- Chen Xiequn
- Chen Ye Guang
- Chen Yingyu
- Chen Yongqiang
- Chen Yu Jen
- Chen Zhixiang
- Cheng Alan
- Cheng Christopher H. K
- Cheng Yan
- Cheong Heesun
- Cheong Jae Ho
- Cherry Sara
- Chess Williams Russ
- Cheung Zelda H
- Chevet Eric
- Chiang Hui Ling
- Chiarelli Roberto
- Chiba Tomoki
- Chin Lih Shen
- Chiou Shih Hwa
- Chisari Francis V
- Cho Chi Hin
- Cho Dong Hyung
- Choi Augustine M. K
- Choi Dooseok
- Choi Kyeong Sook
- Choi Mary E
- Chouaib Salem
- Choubey Divaker
- Choubey Vinay
- Chu Charleen T
- Chuang Tsung Hsien
- Chueh Sheau Huei
- Chun Taehoon
- Chwae Yong Joon
- Chye Mee Len
- Ciarcia Roberto
- Ciriolo Maria R
- Clague Michael J
- Clark Robert S. B
- Clarke Peter G. H
- Clarke Robert
- Codogno Patrice
- Coller Hilary A
- Colombo Mar\ueda I
- Comincini Sergio
- Condello Maria
- Condorelli Fabrizio
- Cookson Mark R
- Coombs Graham H
- Coppens Isabelle
- Corbalan Ramon
- Cossart Pascale
- Costelli Paola
- Costes Safia
- Coto Montes Ana
- Couve Eduardo
- Coxon Fraser P
- Cregg James M
- Crespo Jos\ue9 L
- Cronj\ue9 Marianne J
- Cuervo Ana Maria
- Cullen Joseph J
- Czaja Mark J
- D'Amelio Marcello
- D\uedaz Araya Guillermo
- D\uedaz Laviada In\ue9s
- Darfeuille Michaud Arlette
- Davids Lester M
- Davies Faith E
- De Felici Massimo
- de Groot John F
- de Haan Cornelis A. M
- De Martino Luisa
- De Milito Angelo
- De Tata Vincenzo
- Debnath Jayanta
- Degterev Alexei
- Dehay Benjamin
- Delbridge Lea M. D
- Demarchi Francesca
- Deng Yi Zhen
- Dengjel J\uf6rn
- Dent Paul
- Denton Donna
- Deretic Vojo
- Desai Shyamal D
- Devenish Rodney J
- Di Gioacchino Mario
- Di Paolo Gilbert
- Di Pietro Chiara
- Diaz Meco Maria T
- Diaz Nido Javier
- Dikic Ivan
- Dinesh Kumar Savithramma P
- Ding Wen Xing
- Distelhorst Clark W
- Diwan Abhinav
- Djavaheri Mergny Mojgan
- Dokudovskaya Svetlana
- Dong Zheng
- Dorsey Frank C
- Dosenko Victor
- Dowling James J
- Doxsey Stephen
- Dreux Marl\ue8ne
- Drew Mark E
- Duan Qiuhong
- Duchosal Michel A
- Duff Karen
- Dugail Isabelle
- Durbeej Madeleine
- Duszenko Michael
- Edelstein Charles L
- Edinger Aimee L
- Egea Gustavo
- Eichinger Ludwig
- Eissa N. Tony
- Ekmekcioglu Suhendan
- El Deiry Wafik S
- Elazar Zvulun
- Elgendy Mohamed
- Ellerby Lisa M
- Eng Kai Er
- Engelbrecht Anna Mart
- Engelender Simone
- Erenpreisa Jekaterina
- Escalante Ricardo
- Esclatine Audrey
- Eskelinen Eeva Liisa
- Espert Lucile
- Espina Virginia
- F\ue9s\ufcs L\ue1szl\uf3
- Fan Huizhou
- Fan Jia
- Fan Qi Wen
- Fan Zhen
- Fang Shengyun
- Fang Yongqi
- Fanto Manolis
- Fanzani Alessandro
- Farkas Thomas
- Farr\ue9 Jean Claude
- Faure Mathias
- Fechheimer Marcus
- Feng Carl G
- Feng Jian
- Feng Qili
- Feng Youji
- Feuer Ralph
- Figueiredo Pereira Maria E
- Fimia Gian Maria
- Fingar Diane C
- Finkbeiner Steven
- Finkel Toren
- Finley Kim D
- Fiorito Filomena
- Fisher Edward A
- Fisher Paul B
- Flajolet Marc
- Florez McClure Maria L
- Florio Salvatore
- Fon Edward A
- Fornai Francesco
- Fortunato Franco
- Fotedar Rati
- Fowler Daniel H
- Fox Howard S
- Franco Rodrigo
- Frankel Lisa B
- Fransen Marc
- Fuentes Jos\ue9 M
- Fueyo Juan
- Fujii Jun
- Fujisaki Kozo
- Fujita Eriko
- Fukuda Mitsunori
- Furukawa Ruth H
- Gaestel Matthias
- Gailly Philippe
- Gajewska Malgorzata
- Galliot Brigitte
- Galy Vincent
- Ganesh Subramaniam
- Ganetzky Barry
- Ganley Ian G
- Gao Fen Biao
- Gao George F
- Gao Jinming
- Garcia Manero Guillermo
- Garcia Marcos Mikel
- Garcia Lorena
- Garmyn Marjan
- Gartel Andrei L
- Gatti Evelina
- Gautel Mathias
- Gawriluk Thomas R
- Gegg Matthew E
- Geng Jiefei
- Germain Marc
- Gestwicki Jason E
- Gewirtz David A
- Ghavami Saeid
- Ghosh Pradipta
- Giammarioli Anna M
- Giatromanolaki Alexandra N
- Gibson Spencer B
- Gilkerson Robert W
- Ginger Michael L
- Ginsberg Henry N
- Golab Jakub
- Goligorsky Michael S
- Golstein Pierre
- Gomez Manzano Candelaria
- Goncu Ebru
- Gongora C\ue9line
- Gonz\ue1lez Est\ue9vez Cristina
- Gonz\ue1lez Polo Rosa Ana
- Gonzalez Rey Elena
- Gonzalez Claudio D
- Gonzalez Ramon
- Gorbunov Nikolai V
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- Granato Giovanna Elvira
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- Isidoro Ciro
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- Iwasaki Akiko
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- J\ue4\ue4ttel\ue4 Marja
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- Jackson George R
- Jackson William T
- Janji Bassam
- Jendrach Marina
- Jeon Ju Hong
- Jeung Eui Bae
- Jiang Hong
- Jiang Hongchi
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- Jiang Qing
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- Jim\ue9nez Alberto
- Jin Meiyan
- Jin Shengkan
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- Juillerat Jeanneret Lucienne
- Jung Chang Hwa
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- La Spada Albert R
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- Levy Efrat
- Li Faqiang
- Li Jun Lin
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- Liang Qiangrong
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- Tabas Ira
- Taegtmeyer Heinrich
- Tafani Marco
- Tak\ue1cs Vellai Krisztina
- Takano Yoshitaka
- Takegawa Kaoru
- Takemura Genzou
- Takeshita Fumihiko
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- Yan Xianghua
- Yanagida Mitsuhiro
- Yang Dun Sheng
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- Yang Jin Ming
- Yang Shi Yu
- Yang Wannian
- Yang Wei Yuan
- Yang Zhifen
- Yao Meng Chao
- Yao Tso Pang
- Yeganeh Behzad
- Yen Wei Lien
- Yin Jia jing
- Yin Xiao Ming
- Yoo Ook Joon
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- Yoon Seung Yong
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- Yoshikawa Yuko
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- Yoshimoto Kohki
- You Ho Jin
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- Younes Anas
- Yu Li
- Yu Long
- Yu Seong Woon
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- Yuzaki Michisuke
- Zabirnyk Olga
- Zacks David
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- Zakeri Zahra
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- Zeitlin Scott O
- Zhang Hong
- Zhang Hui Ling
- Zhang Jianhua
- Zhang Jing Pu
- Zhang Lin
- Zhang Long
- Zhang Ming Yong
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- Zhao Mantong
- Zhao Yi Fang
- Zhao Ying
- Zhao Zhizhuang J
- Zheng Xiaoxiang
- Zhivotovsky Boris
- Zhong Qing
- Zhou Cong Zhao
- Zhu Changlian
- Zhu Wei Guo
- Zhu Xiao Feng
- Zhu Xiongwei
- Zhu Yuangang
- Zoladek Teresa
- Zong Wei Xing
- Zorzano Antonio
- Zschocke J\ufcrgen
- Zuckerbraun Brian
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2012
- Field of study
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- Author
- Abdalla Fabio C.
- Abeliovich Hagai
- Abraham Robert T.
- Acevedo-Arozena Abraham
- Adeli Khosrow
- Agholme Lotta
- Agnello Maria
- Agostinis Patrizia
- Aguirre-Ghiso Julio A.
- Ahn Hyung Jun
- Ait-Mohamed Ouardia
- Ait-Si-Ali Slimane
- Akematsu Takahiko
- Akira Shizuo
- Al-Younes Hesham M.
- Al-Zeer Munir A.
- Albert Matthew L.
- Albin Roger L.
- Alegre-Abarrategui Javier
- Aleo Maria Francesca
- Alirezaei Mehrdad
- Almasan Alexandru
- Almonte-Becerril Maylin
- Amano Atsuo
- Amaravadi Ravi K.
- Amarnath Shoba
- Amer Amal O.
- Anantharam Vellareddy
- Andrieu-Abadie Nathalie
- Ann David K.
- Anoopkumar-Dukie Shailendra
- Aoki Hiroshi
- Apostolova Nadezda
- Arancia Giuseppe
- Aris John P.
- Asanuma Katsuhiko
- Asare Nana Y.O.
- Ashida Hisashi
- Askanas Valerie
- Askew David S
- Auberger Patrick
- Baba Misuzu
- Backues Steven K.
- Baehrecke Eric H.
- Bahr Ben A.
- Bai Xue-Yuan
- Bailly Yannick
- Baiocchi Robert
- Baldini Giulia
- Balduini Walter
- Ballabio Andrea
- Bamber Bruce A.
- Bampton Edward T.W.
- Bartholomew Clinton R.
- Bassham Diane C.
- Bast Robert C.
- Batoko Henri
- Bay Boon-Huat
- Beau Isabelle
- Begley Thomas J.
- Behl Christian
- Behrends Christian
- Bekri Soumeya
- Bellaire Bryan
- Bendall Linda J.
- Benetti Luca
- Berliocchi Laura
- Bernardi Henri
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- Szabadkai György
- Sánchez-Alcázar José A.
- Sánchez-Prieto Ricardo
- Tabas Ira
- Taegtmeyer Heinrich
- Tafani Marco
- Takano Yoshitaka
- Takegawa Kaoru
- Takemura Genzou
- Takeshita Fumihiko
- Takács-Vellai Krisztina
- Talbot Nicholas J.
- Tan Kevin S.W.
- Tanaka Keiji
- Tanaka Kozo
- Tang Daolin
- Tang Dingzhong
- Tanida Isei
- Tannous Bakhos A.
- Tavernarakis Nektarios
- Taylor Graham S.
- Taylor Gregory A.
- Taylor J. Paul
- Terada Lance S.
- Terman Alexei
- Tettamanti Gianluca
- Thevissen Karin
- Thompson Craig B.
- Thorburn Andrew
- Thumm Michael
- Tian FengFeng
- Tian Yuan
- Tocchini-Valentini Glauco
- Tolkovsky Aviva M.
- Tomino Yasuhiko
- Tooze Sharon A.
- Tournier Cathy
- Tower John
- Towns Roberto
- Trajkovic Vladimir
- Travassos Leonardo H.
- Tsai Ting-Fen
- Tschan Mario P.
- Tsubata Takeshi
- Tsung Allan
- Turk Boris
- Turner Lorianne S.
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- Tönges Lars
- Uchiyama Yasuo
- Ueno Takashi
- Umekawa Midori
- Umemiya-Shirafuji Rika
- Unni Vivek K.
- Vaccaro Maria I.
- Valente Enza Maria
- Van den Berghe Greet
- van der Klei Ida J.
- van Doorn Wouter G
- van Dyk Linda F.
- van Egmond Marjolein
- van Grunsven Leo A.
- Vandenabeele Peter
- Vandenberghe Wim P.
- Vanhorebeek Ilse
- Vaquero Eva C.
- Velasco Guillermo
- Vellai Tibor
- Vicencio José Miguel
- Vierstra Richard D.
- Vila Miquel
- Vindis Cécile
- Viola Giampietro
- Viscomi Maria Teresa
- Voitsekhovskaja Olga V.
- von Haefen Clarissa
- Votruba Marcela
- Wada Keiji
- Wade-Martins Richard
- Walker Cheryl L.
- Walsh Craig M.
- Walter Jochen
- Wan Xiang-Bo
- Wang Aimin
- Wang Chenguang
- Wang Dawei
- Wang Fan
- Wang Guanghui
- Wang Haichao
- Wang Hong-Gang
- Wang Horng-Dar
- Wang Jin
- Wang Ke
- Wang Mei
- Wang Richard C.
- Wang Xinglong
- Wang Xiujie J.
- Wang Ying-Jan
- Wang Yipeng
- Wang Zhen-Bo
- Wang Zhigang Charles
- Wang Zhinong
- Wansink Derick G.
- Ward Diane M.
- Watada Hirotaka
- Waters Sarah L.
- Webster Paul
- Wei Lixin
- Weihl Conrad C.
- Weiss William A
- Welford Scott M.
- Wen Long-Ping
- Whitehouse Caroline A.
- Whitton J. Lindsay
- Whitworth Alexander J.
- Wileman Tom
- Wiley John W.
- Wilkinson Simon
- Willbold Dieter
- Williams Roger L.
- Williamson Peter R.
- Wouters Bradly G.
- Wu Chenghan
- Wu Dao-Cheng
- Wu William K.K.
- Wyttenbach Andreas
- Xavier Ramnik J.
- Xi Zhijun
- Xia Pu
- Xiao Gengfu
- Xie Zhiping
- Xie Zhonglin
- Xu Da-zhi
- Xu Jianzhen
- Xu Liang
- Xu Xiaolei
- Yamamoto Ai
- Yamamoto Akitsugu
- Yamashina Shunhei
- Yamashita Michiaki
- Yan Xianghua
- Yanagida Mitsuhiro
- Yang Dun-Sheng
- Yang Elizabeth
- Yang Jin-Ming
- Yang Shi Yu
- Yang Wannian
- Yang Wei Yuan
- Yang Zhifen
- Yao Meng-Chao
- Yao Tso-Pang
- Yeganeh Behzad
- Yen Wei-Lien
- Yin Jia-jing
- Yin Xiao-Ming
- Yoo Ook-Joon
- Yoon Gyesoon
- Yoon Seung-Yong
- Yorimitsu Tomohiro
- Yoshikawa Yuko
- Yoshimori Tamotsu
- Yoshimoto Kohki
- You Ho Jin
- Youle Richard J
- Younes Anas
- Yu Li
- Yu Long
- Yu Seong-Woon
- Yu Wai Haung
- Yuan Zhi-Min
- Yue Zhenyu
- Yun Cheol-Heui
- Yuzaki Michisuke
- Zabirnyk Olga
- Zacks David
- Zacksenhaus Eldad
- Zaffaroni Nadia
- Zakeri Zahra
- Zeh III Herbert J.
- Zeitlin Scott O.
- Zhang Hong
- Zhang Hui-Ling
- Zhang Jianhua
- Zhang Jing-Pu
- Zhang Jue
- Zhang Lin
- Zhang Long
- Zhang Ming-Yong
- Zhang Xu Dong
- Zhao Mantong
- Zhao Yi-Fang
- Zhao Ying
- Zhao Zhizhuang J.
- Zheng Xiaoxiang
- Zhivotovsky Boris
- Zhong Qing
- Zhou Cong-Zhao
- Zhu Changlian
- Zhu Wei-Guo
- Zhu Xiao-Feng
- Zhu Xiongwei
- Zhu Yuangang
- Zoladek Teresa
- Zong Wei-Xing
- Zorzano Antonio
- Zschocke Jürgen
- Zuckerbraun Brian
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/04/2012
- Field of study
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- Author
- Abdalla Fabio C.
- Abeliovich Hagai
- Abraham Robert T.
- Acevedo-Arozena Abraham
- Adeli Khosrow
- Agholme Lotta
- Agnello Maria
- Agostinis Patrizia
- Aguirre-Ghiso Julio A.
- Ahn Hyung Jun
- Ait-Mohamed Ouardia
- Ait-Si-Ali Slimane
- Akematsu Takahiko
- Akira Shizuo
- Al-Younes Hesham M.
- Al-Zeer Munir A.
- Albert Matthew L.
- Albin Roger L.
- Alegre-Abarrategui Javier
- Aleo Maria Francesca
- Alirezaei Mehrdad
- Almasan Alexandru
- Almonte-Becerril Maylin
- Amano Atsuo
- Amaravadi Ravi K.
- Amarnath Shoba
- Amer Amal O.
- Anantharam Vellareddy
- Andrieu-Abadie Nathalie
- Ann David K.
- Anoopkumar-Dukie Shailendra
- Aoki Hiroshi
- Apostolova Nadezda
- Arancia Giuseppe
- Aris John P.
- Asanuma Katsuhiko
- Asare Nana Y.O.
- Ashida Hisashi
- Askanas Valerie
- Askew David S
- Auberger Patrick
- Baba Misuzu
- Backues Steven K.
- Baehrecke Eric H.
- Bahr Ben A.
- Bai Xue-Yuan
- Bailly Yannick
- Baiocchi Robert
- Baldini Giulia
- Balduini Walter
- Ballabio Andrea
- Bamber Bruce A.
- Bampton Edward T.W.
- Bartholomew Clinton R.
- Bassham Diane C.
- Bast Robert C.
- Batoko Henri
- Bay Boon-Huat
- Beau Isabelle
- Begley Thomas J.
- Behl Christian
- Behrends Christian
- Bekri Soumeya
- Bellaire Bryan
- Bendall Linda J.
- Benetti Luca
- Berliocchi Laura
- Bernardi Henri
- Bernassola Francesca
- Besteiro Sébastien
- Bhatia-Kiššová Ingrid
- Bi Xiaoning
- Biard-Piechaczyk Martine
- Blum Janice S.
- Boise Lawrence H.
- Bonaldo Paolo
- Boone David L
- Bornhauser Beat C.
- Bortoluci Karina R.
- Bossis Ioannis
- Bost Frédéric
- Bourquin Jean-Pierre
- Boya Patricia
- Boyer-Guittaut Michaël
- Bozhkov Peter V.
- Brady Nathan R
- Brancolini Claudio
- Brech Andreas
- Brenman Jay E.
- Brennand Ana
- Bresnick Emery H.
- Brest Patrick
- Bridges Dave
- Bristol Molly L.
- Brookes Paul S.
- Brown Eric J.
- Brumell John H.
- Brunetti-Pierri Nicola
- Brunk Ulf T.
- Bulman Dennis E.
- Bultman Scott J.
- Bultynck Geert
- Burbulla Lena F.
- Bursch Wilfried
- Butchar Jonathan P.
- Buzgariu Wanda
- Bydlowski Sergio P.
- Béchet Daniel M.
- Cadwell Ken
- Cahová Monika
- Cai Dongsheng
- Cai Jiyang
- Cai Qian
- Calabretta Bruno
- Calvo-Garrido Javier
- Camougrand Nadine
- Campanella Michelangelo
- Campos-Salinas Jenny
- Candi Eleonora
- Cao Lizhi
- Caplan Allan B.
- Carding Simon R.
- Cardoso Sandra M.
- Carew Jennifer S.
- Carlin Cathleen R.
- Carmignac Virginie
- Carneiro Leticia A.M.
- Carra Serena
- Caruso Rosario A.
- Casari Giorgio
- Casas Caty
- Castino Roberta
- Cebollero Eduardo
- Cecconi Francesco
- Celli Jean
- Chaachouay Hassan
- Chae Han-Jung
- Chai Chee-Yin
- Chan David C.
- Chan Edmond Y.
- Chang Raymond Chuen-Chung
- Che Chi-Ming
- Chen Ching-Chow
- Chen Guang-Chao
- Chen Guo-Qiang
- Chen Min
- Chen Quan
- Chen Steve S.-L.
- Chen WenLi
- Chen Xi
- Chen Xiangmei
- Chen Xiequn
- Chen Ye-Guang
- Chen Yingyu
- Chen Yongqiang
- Chen Yu-Jen
- Chen Zhixiang
- Cheng Alan
- Cheng Christopher H.K.
- Cheng Yan
- Cheong Heesun
- Cheong Jae-Ho
- Cherry Sara
- Chess-Williams Russ
- Cheung Zelda H.
- Chevet Eric
- Chiang Hui-Ling
- Chiarelli Roberto
- Chiba Tomoki
- Chin Lih-Shen
- Chiou Shih-Hwa
- Chisari Francis V.
- Cho Chi Hin
- Cho Dong-Hyung
- Choi Augustine MK
- Choi DooSeok
- Choi Kyeong Sook
- Choi Mary E.
- Chouaib Salem
- Choubey Divaker
- Choubey Vinay
- Chu Charleen T
- Chuang Tsung-Hsien
- Chueh Sheau-Huei
- Chun Taehoon
- Chwae Yong-Joon
- Chye Mee-Len
- Ciarcia Roberto
- Ciriolo Maria R.
- Clague Michael J.
- Clark Robert S.B.
- Clarke Peter G.H.
- Clarke Robert B
- Codogno Patrice
- Coller Hilary A.
- Colombo María I.
- Comincini Sergio
- Condello Maria
- Condorelli Fabrizio
- Cookson Mark R.
- Coombs Graham H
- Coppens Isabelle
- Corbalan Ramon
- Cossart Pascale
- Costelli Paola
- Costes Safia
- Coto-Montes Ana
- Couve Eduardo
- Coxon Fraser P.
- Cregg James M.
- Crespo José L.
- Cronjé Marianne J.
- Cuervo Ana Maria
- Cullen Joseph J.
- Czaja Mark J.
- D'Amelio Marcello
- Darfeuille-Michaud Arlette
- Davids Lester M.
- Davies Faith E.
- De Felici Massimo
- de Groot John F.
- de Haan Cornelis A.M.
- De Martino Luisa
- De Milito Angelo
- De Tata Vincenzo
- Debnath Jayanta
- Degterev Alexei
- Dehay Benjamin
- Delbridge Lea M.D.
- Demarchi Francesca
- Deng Yi Zhen
- Dengjel Jörn
- Dent Paul
- Denton Donna
- Deretic Vojo
- Desai Shyamal D.
- Devenish Rodney J.
- Di Gioacchino Mario
- Di Paolo Gilbert
- Di Pietro Chiara
- Diaz-Meco Maria T.
- Diaz-Nido Javier
- Dikic Ivan
- Dinesh-Kumar Savithramma P.
- Ding Wen-Xing
- Distelhorst Clark W.
- Diwan Abhinav
- Djavaheri-Mergny Mojgan
- Dokudovskaya Svetlana
- Dong Zheng
- Dorsey Frank C.
- Dosenko Victor
- Dowling James J.
- Doxsey Stephen
- Dreux Marlène
- Drew Mark E.
- Duan Qiuhong
- Duchosal Michel A
- Duff Karen E.
- Dugail Isabelle
- Durbeej Madeleine
- Duszenko Michael
- Díaz-Araya Guillermo
- Díaz-Laviada Inés
- Edelstein Charles L.
- Edinger Aimee L.
- Egea Gustavo
- Eichinger Ludwig
- Eissa N. Tony
- Ekmekcioglu Suhendan
- El-Deiry Wafik S.
- Elazar Zvulun
- Elgendy Mohamed
- Ellerby Lisa M.
- Eng Kai Er
- Engelbrecht Anna-Mart
- Engelender Simone
- Erenpreisa Jekaterina
- Escalante Ricardo
- Esclatine Audrey
- Eskelinen Eeva-Liisa
- Espert Lucile
- Espina Virginia
- Fan Huizhou
- Fan Jia
- Fan Qi-Wen
- Fan Zhen
- Fang Shengyun
- Fang Yongqi
- Fanto Manolis
- Fanzani Alessandro
- Farkas Thomas
- Farre Jean-Claude
- Faure Mathias
- Fechheimer Marcus
- Feng Carl G.
- Feng Jian
- Feng Qili
- Feng Youji
- Feuer Ralph
- Figueiredo-Pereira Maria E.
- Fimia Gian Maria
- Fingar Diane C.
- Finkbeiner Steven
- Finkel Toren
- Finley Kim D.
- Fiorito Filomena
- Fisher Edward A.
- Fisher Paul B.
- Flajolet Marc
- Flores Juan B. Kouri
- Florez-McClure Maria L.
- Florio Salvatore
- Fon Edward A
- Fornai Francesco
- Fortunato Franco
- Fotedar Rati
- Fowler Daniel H.
- Fox Howard S.
- Franco Rodrigo
- Frankel Lisa B.
- Fransen Marc
- Fuentes José M.
- Fueyo Juan
- Fujii Jun
- Fujisaki Kozo
- Fujita Eriko
- Fukuda Mitsunori
- Furukawa Ruth H.
- Fésüs László
- Gaestel Matthias
- Gailly Philippe
- Gajewska Malgorzata
- Galliot Brigitte
- Galy Vincent
- Ganesh Subramaniam
- Ganetzky Barry
- Ganley Ian G.
- Gao Fen-Biao
- Gao George F.
- Gao Jinming
- Garcia Lorena
- Garcia-Manero Guillermo
- Garcia-Marcos Mikel
- Garmyn Marjan
- Gartel Andrei L.
- Gatti Evelina
- Gautel Mathias
- Gawriluk Thomas R.
- Gegg Matthew E.
- Geng Jiefei
- Germain Marc
- Gestwicki Jason E.
- Gewirtz David A
- Ghavami Saeid
- Ghosh Pradipta
- Giammarioli Anna M.
- Giatromanolaki Alexandra N.
- Gibson Spencer B.
- Gilkerson Robert W.
- Ginger Michael L.
- Ginsberg Henry N.
- Golab Jakub
- Goligorsky Michael S.
- Golstein Pierre
- Gomez-Manzano Candelaria
- Goncu Ebru
- Gongora Céline
- Gonzalez Claudio D.
- Gonzalez Ramon
- Gonzalez-Rey Elena
- González-Estévez Cristina
- González-Polo Rosa Ana
- Gorbunov Nikolai V.
- Gorski Sharon
- Goruppi Sandro
- Gottlieb Roberta A
- Gozuacik Devrim
- Granato Giovanna Elvira
- Grant Gary D.
- Green Kim N.
- Gregorc Ales
- Gros Frédéric
- Grose Charles
- Grunt Thomas W.
- Gual Philippe
- Guan Jun-Lin
- Guan Kun-Liang
- Guichard Sylvie M.
- Gukovskaya Anna S.
- Gukovsky Ilya
- Gunst Jan
- Gustafsson Åsa B.
- Halayko Andrew J.
- Hale Amber N.
- Halonen Sandra K.
- Hamasaki Maho
- Han Feng
- Han Ting
- Hancock Michael K.
- Hansen Malene
- Harada Hisashi
- Harada Masaru
- Hardt Stefan E.
- Harper J. Wade
- Harris Adrian L.
- Harris James
- Harris Steven D.
- Hashimoto Makoto
- Haspel Jeffrey A.
- Hayashi Shin-ichiro
- Hazelhurst Lori A.
- He Congcong
- He You-Wen
- Heidenreich Kim A.
- Helfrich Miep H.
- Helgason Gudmundur V.
- Henske Elizabeth P.
- Herman Brian
- Herman Paul K.
- Hetz Claudio
- Hilfiker Sabine
- Hill Joseph A
- Hocking Lynne J.
- Hofman Paul
- Hofmann Thomas G.
- Holyoake Tessa L.
- Hong Ming-Huang
- Hood David A.
- Hotamisligil Gökhan S.
- Houwerzijl Ewout J.
- Hu Bingren
- Hu Chien-an A.
- Hu Hong-Ming
- Hua Ya
- Huang Canhua
- Huang Ju
- Huang Shengbing
- Huang Wei-Pang
- Huber Tobias B.
- Huh Won-Ki
- Hung Tai-Ho
- Hupp Ted R.
- Hur Gang Min
- Hurley James B.
- Hussain Sabah N.A.
- Hussey Patrick J.
- Hwang Jung Jin
- Hwang Seungmin
- Hébert Marie-Josée
- Höhfeld Jörg
- Høyer-Hansen Maria
- Ichihara Atsuhiro
- Ilkhanizadeh Shirin
- Inoki Ken
- Into Takeshi
- Iovane Valentina
- Iovanna Juan L.
- Ip Nancy Y.
- Isaka Yoshitaka
- Ishida Hiroyuki
- Isidoro Ciro
- Isobe Ken-ichi
- Iwasaki Akiko
- Izquierdo Marta
- Izumi Yotaro
- Jaakkola Panu M.
- Jackson George R.
- Jackson William T.
- Janji Bassam
- Jendrach Marina
- Jeon Ju-Hong
- Jeung Eui-Bae
- Jiang Hong
- Jiang Hongchi
- Jiang Jean X.
- Jiang Ming
- Jiang Qing
- Jiang Xuejun
- Jiménez Alberto
- Jin Meiyan
- Jin Shengkan V.
- Joe Cheol O.
- Johansen Terje
- Johnson Daniel E.
- Johnson Gail V.W.
- Jones Nicola L.
- Joseph Bertrand
- Joseph Suresh K.
- Joubert Annie M.
- Juhász Gábor
- Juillerat-Jeanneret Lucienne
- Jung Chang Hwa
- Jung Yong-Keun
- Jäättelä Marja
- Kaarniranta Kai
- Kaasik Allen
- Kabuta Tomohiro
- Kadowaki Motoni
- Kamada Yoshiaki
- Kaminskyy Vitaliy O.
- Kampinga Harm H.
- Kanamori Hiromitsu
- Kang Chanhee
- Kang Khong Bee
- Kang Kwang Il
- Kang Rui
- Kang Yoon-A
- Kanki Tomotake
- Kanneganti Thirumala-Devi
- Kanno Haruo
- Kanthasamy Anumantha G.
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- Kaushal Gur P.
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- Kiger Amy A.
- Kihara Akio
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- Kitamoto Katsuhiko
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- Kotake Yaichiro
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- Kuan Chia-Yi
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- Kumar Ashok
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- Lee Myung-Shik
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- Lev Dina
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- Liao Yung-Feng
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- Lieberman Andrew
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- Lingor Paul
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- Liton Paloma B.
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- Liu Leyuan
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- Lok Chun-Nam
- Lonial Sagar
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- Lopez-Berestein Gabriel
- Lossi Laura
- Lotze Michael T.
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- Lu Bo
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- Luciano Fréderic
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- Maiuri Maria Chiara
- Malagoli Davide
- Malicdan May Christine V.
- Malorni Walter
- Man Na
- Mandelkow Eva-Maria
- Manon Stephen
- Manov Irena
- Mao Kai
- Mao Xiang
- Mao Zixu
- Marambaud Philippe
- Marazziti Daniela
- Marcel Yves L.
- Marchbank Katie
- Marchetti Piero
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- Marcondes Mateus
- Mardi Mohsen
- Marfe Gabriella
- Mariño Guillermo
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- Martinand-Mari Camille
- Martinet Wim
- Martinez-Vicente Marta
- Masini Matilde
- Matarrese Paola
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- Milojkovic Ana
- Minucci Saverio
- Miracco Clelia
- Miranti Cindy K.
- Mitroulis Ioannis
- Miyazawa Keisuke
- Mizushima Noboru
- Mograbi Baharia
- Mohseni Simin
- Molero Xavier
- Mollereau Bertrand
- Mollinedo Faustino
- Momoi Takashi
- Monastyrska Iryna
- Monick Martha M.
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- Mora Rodrigo
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- Moreira Paula I.
- Moriyasu Yuji
- Moscat Jorge
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- Motyl Tomasz
- Moussa Charbel E.-H.
- Muller Sylviane
- Murphy Leon O.
- Murphy Maureen E.
- Musarò Antonio
- Mysorekar Indira
- Müller Sylke
- Münger Karl
- Münz Christian
- Nagata Eiichiro
- Nagata Kazuhiro
- Nahimana Aimable
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- Zacks David
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- Zhang Hong
- Zhang Hui-Ling
- Zhang Jianhua
- Zhang Jing-Pu
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- Zhang Xu Dong
- Zhao Mantong
- Zhao Yi-Fang
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- Zheng Xiaoxiang
- Zhivotovsky Boris
- Zhong Qing
- Zhou Cong-Zhao
- Zhu Changlian
- Zhu Wei-Guo
- Zhu Xiao-Feng
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- Zhu Yuangang
- Zoladek Teresa
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- Zschocke Jürgen
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- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/04/2012
- Field of study
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- Author
- Abdelhaq Rami
- Abhinav Diwan
- Abraham Acevedo-Arozena
- Adalberto Merighi
- Adi Kimchi
- Adrian L. Harris
- Agnieszka Sirko
- Ahlberg J
- Ai Yamamoto
- Aimable Nahimana
- Aimee L. Edinger
- Aimin Wang
- Akiko Iwasaki
- Akio Kihara
- Akitsugu Yamamoto
- Aksam EB
- Alan Cheng
- Albert R. La Spada
- Alberto Jiménez
- Alec C. Kimmelman
- Ales Gregorc
- Alessandro Fanzani
- Alexander J. Whitworth
- Alexandra N. Giatromanolaki
- Alexandru Almasan
- Alexei Degterev
- Alexei Terman
- Alfred J. Meijer
- Alicia Meléndez
- Alison Simmons
- Allan B. Caplan
- Allan Tsung
- Allen Kaasik
- Alvin J.X. Lee
- Amal O. Amer
- Amber N. Hale
- Ameeta Kelekar
- Amy A. Kiger
- Ana Brennand
- Ana Coto-Montes
- Ana Maria Cuervo
- Ana Milojkovic
- Anas Younes
- Anastasis Stephanou
- Anders H. Lund
- Andrea Ballabio
- Andreas Brech
- Andreas Mayer
- Andreas S. Reichert
- Andreas Wyttenbach
- Andrei L. Gartel
- Andrew J. Halayko
- Andrew Lieberman
- Andrew Thorburn
- Andriy A. Sibirny
- Andriy Nemchenko
- Angelika A. Noegel
- Angelo De Milito
- Angelo Poletti
- Anil K. Sood
- Anil Prasad
- Ann Progulske-Fox
- Anna Katharina Simon
- Anna M. Giammarioli
- Anna M. Krichevsky
- Anna Nogalska
- Anna S. Gukovskaya
- Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
- Anne Régnier-Vigouroux
- Anne Simonsen
- Annie M. Joubert
- Anthony H.V. Schapira
- Anthony M.J. Sanchez
- Antoinette Lemoine
- Antonio Musarò
- Antonio Piras
- Antonio Zorzano
- Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
- Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud
- Arthi Kanthasamy
- Ashok Kumar
- Assaf Rudich
- Atsuhiro Ichihara
- Atsuo Amano
- Attila L. Kovács
- Audrey Esclatine
- Augustine M.K. Choi
- Ausra Sasnauskiene
- Aviva M. Tolkovsky
- Baharia Mograbi
- Bakhos A. Tannous
- Barry Ganetzky
- Bassam Janji
- Beat C. Bornhauser
- Beat Nyfeler
- Beata Sikorska
- Behzad Yeganeh
- Ben A. Bahr
- Ben C.B. Ko
- Benjamin Dehay
- Benjamin Loos
- Berger B
- Bertrand Joseph
- Bertrand Mollereau
- Beth Levine
- BethAnn McLaughlin
- Biederbick A
- Binfeng Lu
- Bingren Hu
- Bingwei Lu
- Biolo G
- Birmingham CL
- Birmingham CL
- Björn Stork
- Bjørkøy G
- Bo Liu
- Bo Lu
- Boon-Huat Bay
- Boris Turk
- Boris Zhivotovsky
- Bradly G. Wouters
- Brian Herman
- Brian P. Rubin
- Brian Zuckerbraun
- Brigitte Galliot
- Brinda Ravikumar
- Brown CR
- Bruce A. Bamber
- Bruce H. Reed
- Bruno Calabretta
- Bryan Bellaire
- Bulent Ozpolat
- Byung-Wan Lee
- Bärbel Rohrer
- Bélanger M
- Cam Patterson
- Camilla Palumbo
- Camille Martinand-Mari
- Candelaria Gomez-Manzano
- Canhua Huang
- Cantino D
- Carine Michiels
- Carl G. Feng
- Carlos López-Otín
- Carlos S. Subauste
- Carmine Settembre
- Carol A. Mercer
- Carole Kretz-Remy
- Caroline A. Whitehouse
- Catherine McDermott
- Cathleen R. Carlin
- Cathy Tournier
- Caty Casas
- Chan EY
- Chang Hwa Jung
- Changlian Zhu
- Chanhee Kang
- Chao-Yu Miao
- Charbel E.-H. Moussa
- Charleen T. Chu
- Charles Grose
- Charles L. Edelstein
- Charles Swanton
- Chee-Yin Chai
- Chenghan Wu
- Chenguang Wang
- Chengyu Liang
- Cheol O. Joe
- Cheol-Heui Yun
- Chera S
- Cheryl L. Walker
- Chi Hin Cho
- Chi-Ming Che
- Chia-Yi Kuan
- Chiara Di Pietro
- Chien-an A. Hu
- Chihiro Sasakawa
- Ching-Chow Chen
- Chiou-Feng Lin
- Christiaan Leeuwenburgh
- Christian Behl
- Christian Behrends
- Christian G. Meyer
- Christian Münz
- Christian Poüs
- Christian Sell
- Christine McDonald
- Christoph Schüller
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- Christopher J. Rhodes
- Christopher R. McMaster
- Chun-Feng Liu
- Chun-Nam Lok
- Chwen-Ming Shih
- Ciechomska IA
- Cindy K. Miranti
- Cinthya Sternberg
- Ciro Isidoro
- Clarissa von Haefen
- Clark W. Distelhorst
- Claudia D. Spies
- Claudine Kraft
- Claudio Brancolini
- Claudio D. Gonzalez
- Claudio Hetz
- Claudio Schneider
- Claus Kerkhoff
- Clelia Miracco
- Clinton R. Bartholomew
- Colombo MI
- Cong-Zhao Zhou
- Congcong He
- Conrad C. Weihl
- Corey Nislow
- Cornelis A.M. de Haan
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- Cristiano Simone
- Cristina González-Estévez
- Cuervo AM
- Cécile Vindis
- Céline Gongora
- Da-zhi Xu
- Dagda RK
- Dalibor Mijaljica
- Daniel E. Johnson
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- Daniel H. Fowler
- Daniel J. Klionsky
- Daniel J. Ledbetter
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- Daniela Marazziti
- Dao-Cheng Wu
- Daolin Tang
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- Dave Bridges
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- David H. Perlmutter
- David J. McConkey
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- David M. Sabatini
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- Davide Malagoli
- Dawei Wang
- Debasish Sinha
- Denne SC
- Dennis E. Bulman
- Deok Ryong Kim
- Derek P. Narendra
- Derick G. Wansink
- Devrim Gozuacik
- Diane C. Bassham
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- Diane E. Merry
- Diane M. Ward
- Dieter Willbold
- Dimitri Krainc
- Dina Lev
- Dingzhong Tang
- Divaker Choubey
- Do-Hyung Kim
- Dong-Hou Kim
- Dong-Hyung Cho
- Dongsheng Cai
- Donna Denton
- DooSeok Choi
- Dubuisson JF
- Dun-Sheng Yang
- Duncan R. Smith
- Duska Separovic
- Ebru Goncu
- Edmond Y. Chan
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- Edward A. Fisher
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- Edward T.W. Bampton
- Eeva-Liisa Eskelinen
- Efrat Levy
- Efthimios Sivridis
- Eiichiro Nagata
- Eiki Kominami
- Eitan Shaulian
- Elaine C.M. Silva-Zacarin
- Elaine Silva-Zacarin
- Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Elena Gonzalez-Rey
- Eleonora Candi
- Elizabeth P. Henske
- Elizabeth Yang
- Elizete Rizzo
- Emery H. Bresnick
- Emil Rudolf
- Enza Maria Valente
- Eric Chevet
- Eric H. Baehrecke
- Eric J. Brown
- Eriko Fujita
- Erwin Knecht
- Eskelinen E-L
- Eui-Bae Jeung
- Eun-Kyoung Kim
- Eva C. Vaquero
- Eva-Maria Mandelkow
- Evelina Gatti
- Ewout J. Houwerzijl
- F. Javier Oliver
- Fabio C. Abdalla
- Fabrizio Condorelli
- Faith E. Davies
- Fan Wang
- Faqiang Li
- Farkas T
- Faustino Mollinedo
- Federica Sotgia
- Felix Randow
- Fen Wang
- Fen-Biao Gao
- Feng Han
- FengFeng Tian
- Fernando Macian
- Filomena Fiorito
- Fimia GM
- Fiona M. Menzies
- Francesca Bernassola
- Francesca Demarchi
- Francesca Rovetta
- Francesco Cecconi
- Francesco Fornai
- Francis V. Chisari
- Franco Fortunato
- Frank A. Sinicrope
- Frank C. Dorsey
- Frank Lafont
- Frank Madeo
- Fraser P. Coxon
- Fréderic Luciano
- Frédéric Bost
- Frédéric Gros
- Fu-Cheng Lin
- Fujii S
- Fukagawa NK
- Fulvio Reggiori
- Fumihiko Takeshita
- G. Angus McQuibban
- Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Gabriella Marfe
- Gail V.W. Johnson
- Galliot B
- Gang Min Hur
- Garber AJ
- Gary D. Grant
- Gary K. Ostrander
- Gary K. Schwartz
- Geert Bultynck
- Gengfu Xiao
- Genzou Takemura
- Georg Ramm
- George F. Gao
- George Perry
- George R. Jackson
- Gerald M. McInerney
- Gerry Melino
- Ghasem Hoseini Salekdeh
- Giampietro Viola
- Gian Maria Fimia
- Gianluca Tettamanti
- Gilbert Di Paolo
- Giorgio Casari
- Giovanna Elvira Granato
- Giulia Baldini
- Giuseppe Arancia
- Giusti C
- Glauco Tocchini-Valentini
- Glen E. Palmer
- Glenn Randall
- Godefridus J. Peters
- Goncu E
- Goran Petrovski
- Gordon C. Shore
- Gordon PB
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- Gosai SJ
- Graham H. Coombs
- Graham S. Taylor
- Greet Van den Berghe
- Gregory A. Taylor
- Guan J
- Guang-Chao Chen
- Guanghui Wang
- Gudmundur V. Helgason
- Guido Kroemer
- Guillermo Díaz-Araya
- Guillermo Garcia-Manero
- Guillermo Mariño
- Guillermo Velasco
- Guo-Qiang Chen
- Gur P. Kaushal
- Gustavo Egea
- Guy Salvesen
- Gyesoon Yoon
- Gyun Min Lee
- György Szabadkai
- Gábor Juhász
- Gábor Juhász
- Gérard Pierron
- Gökhan S. Hotamisligil
- H. Peter Rodemann
- Hagai Abeliovich
- Haichao Wang
- Han-Jung Chae
- Han-Ming Shen
- Hannah Rabinowich
- Hans-Uwe Simon
- Hany Khalil
- Harald Stenmark
- Harm H. Kampinga
- Haruo Kanno
- Hassan Chaachouay
- Hee Jeong Kong
- Heesun Cheong
- Heinrich Taegtmeyer
- Helmut Krämer
- Henri Batoko
- Henri Bernardi
- Henry N. Ginsberg
- Herbert J. Zeh III
- Hermann M. Schätzl
- Hernan Roca
- Hesham M. Al-Younes
- Hilary A. Coller
- Hiromitsu Kanamori
- Hiroshi Aoki
- Hiroshi Koga
- Hiroshi Sakagami
- Hirotaka Watada
- Hiroyasu Nakano
- Hiroyuki Ishida
- Hirsimäki Y
- Hisashi Ashida
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- Xiao-Feng Zhu
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- Ying-Jan Wang
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- Yipeng Wang
- Yohta Shimada
- Yokota S
- Yong Ma
- Yong-Joon Chwae
- Yong-Keun Jung
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- Yongqi Fang
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- Yoshiaki Kamada
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- Yoshimori T
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- Yoshitaka Isaka
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- Yotaro Izumi
- You-Wen He
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- Young-Chau Liu
- Yu-Jen Chen
- Yuan Tian
- Yuangang Zhu
- Yuji Moriyasu
- Yuko Yoshikawa
- Yule Liu
- Yung-Feng Liao
- Yves L. Marcel
- Zahra Zakeri
- Zelda H. Cheung
- Zhang H
- Zhen Fan
- Zhen Lu
- Zhen-Bo Wang
- Zheng Dong
- Zheng-Hong Qin
- Zhenyu Yue
- Zhi-Jun Sun
- Zhi-Min Yuan
- Zhifen Yang
- Zhigang Charles Wang
- Zhijun Xi
- Zhinong Wang
- Zhiping Xie
- Zhixiang Chen
- Zhizhuang J. Zhao
- Zhonglin Xie
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- Åsa B. Gustafsson
- Øverbye A
- Publication venue
- 'Informa UK Limited'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2012
- Field of study
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field