Drought tolerance conferred to sugarcane by association with Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus: a transcriptomic view of hormone pathways

Sugarcane interacts with particular types of beneficial nitrogen-fixing bacteria that provide fixed-nitrogen and plant growth hormones to host plants, promoting an increase in plant biomass. Other benefits, as enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses have been reported to some diazotrophs. Here we aim to study the effects of the association between the diazotroph Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus PAL5 and sugarcane cv. SP70-1143 during water depletion by characterizing differential transcriptome profiles of sugarcane. RNA-seq libraries were generated from roots and shoots of sugarcane plants free of endophytes that were inoculated with G. diazotrophicus and subjected to water depletion for 3 days. A sugarcane reference transcriptome was constructed and used for the identification of differentially expressed transcripts. The differential profile of non-inoculated SP70-1143 suggests that it responds to water deficit stress by the activation of drought-responsive markers and hormone pathways, as ABA and Ethylene. qRT-PCR revealed that root samples had higher levels of G. diazotrophicus 3 days after water deficit, compared to roots of inoculated plants watered normally. With prolonged drought only inoculated plants survived, indicating that SP70-1143 plants colonized with G. diazotrophicus become more tolerant to drought stress than non-inoculated plants. Strengthening this hypothesis, several gene expression responses to drought were inactivated or regulated in an opposite manner, especially in roots, when plants were colonized by the bacteria. The data suggests that colonized roots would not be suffering from stress in the same way as non-inoculated plants. On the other hand, shoots specifically activate ABA-dependent signaling genes, which could act as key elements in the drought resistance conferred by G. diazotrophicus to SP70-1143. This work reports for the first time the involvement of G. diazotrophicus in the promotion of drought-tolerance to sugarcane cv. SP70-1143, and it describes the initial molecular events that may trigger the increased drought tolerance in the host plant

Protocol for Low-level laser therapy in traumatic ulcer after troncular anesthesia : case report in pediatric dentistry

The aim of this study was to report a protocol of use for low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in traumatic ulcer in the lower lip after inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia (IANBA). A 3-year-old patient, male, undergoing treatment of carious lesions was submitted to an indirect pulp capping in tooth 74 under IANBA. The procedure was completed without intercurrences, but on next day, the child presented extensive traumatic ulcer in the left lower lip, with complaint of pain. Two sequential applications with LLLT were applied in punctual mode under pressure around the lesion. After 1 week, the mother reported significant improvement. After 30 days, the lesion was fully healed. In conclusion, LLLT promoted rapid analgesia and healing, being a good treatment alternative for traumatic ulcer after troncular anesthesia

Dopamine up-regulates Th17 phenotype from individuals with generalized anxiety disorder

AbstractOur objective was to evaluate the effect of stress-related dose of dopamine (DA) on the in vitro proliferation and cytokine production in polyclonally-activated T cells from healthy individuals or individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Our results demonstrated that cell cultures from GAD group proliferated less following T cell activation, as compared with control group. The addition of DA reduced the proliferative response in cell cultures from healthy but not from GAD individuals. The cytokine profile in GAD individuals revealed Th1 and Th2 deficiencies associated with a dominant Th17 phenotype, which was enhanced by DA. A similar DA-induced immunomodulation was also observed in PPD-activated cell cultures from GAD individuals. Unlike the control, DA-enhanced Th17 cytokine production in GAD individuals was not affected by glucocorticoid. In conclusion, our results show that the T cell functional dysregulation in GAD individuals is significantly amplified by DA. These immune abnormalities can have impact in increasing the susceptibility of individuals with anxiety disorders to infectious diseases and inflammatory/autoimmune disorders

GROWTH AND SEEDLING QUALITY OF JACARAND\uc1-DA-BAHIA IN RESPONSE TO POTASSIUM AND SULFUR FERTILIZATION

Estudos recentes d\ue3o \ueanfase \ue0s florestas nativas pela sua import\ue2ncia no contexto de produ\ue7\ue3o de madeira, frutos e na conserva\ue7\ue3o ambiental. Um dos pontos importantes, ainda a ser estudado, \ue9 a nutri\ue7\ue3o das esp\ue9cies utilizadas nestes reflorestamentos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar as exig\ueancias nutricionais de jacarand \ue1-da-bahia ( Dalbergia nigra (Vell.) Allem\ue3o ex Benth.) em rela\ue7\ue3o \ue0 aduba\ue7\ue3o com pot \ue1ssio e enxofre, na fase de produ\ue7\ue3o de mudas. Para isso, foi conduzido um experimento no viveiro de pesquisas do Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, da Universidade Federal de Vi\ue7osa, utilizando vasos de polietileno r\uedgido com 2,0 dm3 de capacidade e como substrato um Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo \ue1lico. Foi adotado um esquema fatorial, disposto em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, utilizando-se como tratamentos cinco doses de pot \ue1ssio (0; 50; 100; 150 e 200 mg dm-3 de K) combinadas com seis doses de enxofre (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100 mg dm-3 de S), as quais foram parceladas em quatro aplica\ue7\uf5es: 0, 30, 60 e 90 dias ap\uf3s o raleio. Ap\uf3s 157 dias de semeadura, foram colhidos dados da altura, do di\ue2metro do coleto, da mat\ue9ria seca da parte a\ue9rea e da raiz, al\ue9m das rela\ue7\uf5es altura/di\ue2metro do coleto, altura/massa seca parte a\ue9rea, massa seca parte a\ue9rea/massa seca de raiz e o \uedndice de qualidade de Dickson. As mudas de jacarand \ue1-da-bahia responderam negativamente \ue0 aduba\ue7\ue3o pot \ue1ssica para a maioria das caracter\uedsticas avaliadas. Considerando a produ\ue7\ue3o de mat\ue9ria seca total, recomenda-se a aplica\ue7\ue3o de 30 mg dm -3 de S e 30 mg dm -3 de K para a produ\ue7\ue3o de mudas de jacarand \ue1-da-bahia.Recent studies are focusing on native forests because of their importance on the production of timber, fruits and on the environmental conservation. One of the main aspects yet to be studied is the nutrition of the species used in these reforestations. The objective of this work was to study the demands of K and S jacarand \ue1-da-bahia ( Dalbergia nigra ) seedlings. An experiment was conducted in the nurseries of Forestry Department in the Federal University of Vi\ue7osa, Minas Gerais, Brazil, using a Complete Randomized Designed, with five doses of potassium (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg dm-3 of K) and six doses of sulfur (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg dm-3 of S) . The nutrients were applied in four split doses, 0, 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing. The height data, the stem diameter and the root dry matter were recorded after 157 days of sowing. The relationships between shoot/root ratio, plant height stem diameter ratio and the Dickson quality index (DQI) were taken. The seedling showed a negative response to potassium fertilization for most of the characteristics evaluated. The application of 30 mg dm -3 of S and 30 mg dm -3 of K is recommended for jacarand \ue1-da-bahia seedling production for maximum dry mass production

Determination of fipronil in bovine plasma by solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection

A fast and efficient method has been developed and validated for the determination of fipronil in bovine plasma. Samples were subjected to solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by reversed phase liquid chromatography (LC) separation, using acetonitrile/water (60:40 v/v) as the mobile phase with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and ultraviolet (UV) detection at 210 nm. Ethiprole was used as the internal standard (IS). The method was found to be linear over the range 5-500 ng/mL (r = 0.999). The limit of quantitation (LOQ) was validated at 5 ng/mL. The method was successfully applied to monitor plasma concentrations following subcutaneous administration of fipronil in cattle

Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of WW bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents measurements of the $W^+ \rightarrow \mu^+\nu$ and $W^- \rightarrow \mu^-\nu$ cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the 1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13

Search for chargino-neutralino production with mass splittings near the electroweak scale in three-lepton final states in √s=13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for supersymmetry through the pair production of electroweakinos with mass splittings near the electroweak scale and decaying via on-shell W and Z bosons is presented for a three-lepton final state. The analyzed proton-proton collision data taken at a center-of-mass energy of √s=13  TeV were collected between 2015 and 2018 by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139  fb−1. A search, emulating the recursive jigsaw reconstruction technique with easily reproducible laboratory-frame variables, is performed. The two excesses observed in the 2015–2016 data recursive jigsaw analysis in the low-mass three-lepton phase space are reproduced. Results with the full data set are in agreement with the Standard Model expectations. They are interpreted to set exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level on simplified models of chargino-neutralino pair production for masses up to 345 GeV

Fundamental research questions in subterranean biology

Five decades ago, a landmark paper inSciencetitledThe Cave Environmentheralded caves as ideal natural experimental laboratories in which to develop and address general questions in geology, ecology, biogeography, and evolutionary biology. Although the 'caves as laboratory' paradigm has since been advocated by subterranean biologists, there are few examples of studies that successfully translated their results into general principles. The contemporary era of big data, modelling tools, and revolutionary advances in genetics and (meta)genomics provides an opportunity to revisit unresolved questions and challenges, as well as examine promising new avenues of research in subterranean biology. Accordingly, we have developed a roadmap to guide future research endeavours in subterranean biology by adapting a well-established methodology of 'horizon scanning' to identify the highest priority research questions across six subject areas. Based on the expert opinion of 30 scientists from around the globe with complementary expertise and of different academic ages, we assembled an initial list of 258 fundamental questions concentrating on macroecology and microbial ecology, adaptation, evolution, and conservation. Subsequently, through online surveys, 130 subterranean biologists with various backgrounds assisted us in reducing our list to 50 top-priority questions. These research questions are broad in scope and ready to be addressed in the next decade. We believe this exercise will stimulate research towards a deeper understanding of subterranean biology and foster hypothesis-driven studies likely to resonate broadly from the traditional boundaries of this field.Peer reviewe