IoT Detection System for Mildew Disease in Roses Using Neural Networks and Image Analysis

Artificial intelligence presents different approaches, one of these is the use of neural network algorithms, a particular context is the farming sector and these algorithms support the detection of diseases in flowers, this work presents a system to detect downy mildew disease in roses through the analysis of images through neural networks and the correlation of environmental variables through an experiment in a controlled environment, for which an IoT platform was developed that integrated an artificial intelligence module. For the verification of the model, three different models of neural networks in a controlled greenhouse were experimentally compared and a proposed model was obtained for the training and validation sets of two categories of healthy roses and diseased roses with 89% training and 11% recovery. validation and it was determined that the relative humidity variable can influence the development and appearance of Downy Mildew disease when its value is above 85% for a prolonged period

Settlement response of fibre reinforced railway ballast

Ballasted track is the prevalent track form worldwide and with good design and maintenance can satisfy high performance demands including those of high speed lines. However, increasingly onerous loading is being placed on existing ballasted track networks in many parts of the world by more frequent, longer, faster and heavier trains. This leads to reduced windows of time for maintenance activities while simultaneously increasing maintenance needs. Therefore there are potential advantages if ballasted track could be modified to increase durability both in terms of intervals between maintenance interventions, e.g. tamping, and overall life cycle. This paper presents an assessment of the potential for randomly reinforced ballast, a mixture of ballast and fibres of selected dimensions and properties, to increase the durability of railway track. Compared with other types of reinforcement, fibres have potential advantages of: isotropy (avoiding the formation of weak planes); the possibility of using recycled plastic material; and expected compatibility with normal maintenance procedures. A series of full size tests has been conducted in the Southampton Railway Testing Facility (SRTF) to evaluate the resilient and plastic response of reinforced ballast to vertical cyclic loading. The testing apparatus represents a slice of single track extended to the shoulders and including one sleeper. A vertical load, representing a 20 tonne train axle, was applied by a hydraulic actuator with a frequency of 3Hz to 3 million cycles. Tests carried out thus far demonstrate the importance of selecting an appropriate fibre width as a function of the average particle size of the ballast to be reinforced. Appropriately selected fibres are shown to reduce ballast vertical permanent deformations by about 25%

SISTEMAS MULTIMEDIA BASADOS EN PROTOCOLO IP IMS APLICADOS A SERVICIOS LTE DE 4G

Este artículo presenta de una manera sencilla, el sistema creado para soportar los servicios de multimedia dentro de red de nueva generación (NGN) llamada IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) a la vez que se explica su relación con la tecnología Long Term Evolution (LTE) definida por el 3GPP en su release 8. IMS se trata de una arquitectura integrada en el núcleo de red para ofrecer servicios multimediales de audio y video sobre una infraestructura. Entonces ahora, los servicios prestados pasarán a ser ofrecidos a través de IP IMS y será la piedra angular en donde estos servicios se generarán y se ofrecerán. LTE es sin duda un impulsor de IMS, pero hay otros factores que empiezan a favorecer y a plantear un modelo de negocio favorable para la arquitectura multimedia. IMS está orientado a habilitar la convergencia de servicios, combinando el crecimiento de la Internet con el de las comunicaciones móviles, desde cualquier ubicación y método de forma continua y permanente

Application Of Teaching Strategies and Academic Performance of University Students

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre las estrategias de enseñanza y rendimiento académico en los estudiantes universitarios. El enfoque de estudio es cuantitativo de diseño no experimental de tipo transversal y de alcance correlacional. La población estuvo compuesta por 101 estudiantes de I y II ciclo de la Escuela Profesional de Contabilidad de la Universidad Nacional José María Arguedas y la muestra fue de 80 estudiantes con muestreo aleatorio simple. Para la recolección de datos, se aplicó como técnica la encuesta y como instrumento el cuestionario. Asimismo, se utilizó la prueba de Spearman para el análisis de la correlación. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un coeficiente de correlación de Spearman igual 0.507, lo que demuestra una relación positiva media entre las estrategias de enseñanza y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. De esta forma, se llegó a la conclusión que existe una relación significativa entre las variables de investigación, dónde las estrategias de enseñanza permiten mejorar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes universitarios.The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between teaching strategies and academic performance in university students. The study approach is quantitative with a non-experimental design, cross-sectional and correlational in scope. The population consisted of 101 students of I and II cycle of the Professional School of Accounting of the Universidad Nacional José María Arguedas and the sample consisted of 80 students with simple random sampling. For data collection, the survey technique was applied and the questionnaire was used as an instrument. Spearman's test was used for correlation analysis. The results obtained show a Spearman correlation coefficient equal to 0.507, which demonstrates an average positive relationship between teaching strategies and students' academic performance. Thus, it was concluded that there is a significant relationship between the research variables, where teaching strategies allow improving the academic performance of university students

Proposal of a water-quality index for high andean basins: application to the Chumbao river, Andahuaylas, Peru

Thewater fromthe high Andean rivers is peculiar due to its composition and the geomorphology of its sources, and naturally or anthropogenically contamination is not discarded along its course. This water is used for agriculture and human consumption, therefore knowing its quality is important. This research aimed to proposing and formulate a water-quality index for high Andean basins through the Delphimethod, and its application in the Chumbao River located in Andahuaylas-Peru. Forty-three water-quality parameters were evaluated through the Delphi method, and the water-quality index (WQIHA) was formulated with a weighted average of the weights of the selected parameters, it was compared with the WQI Dinius. For this purpose, ten sampling points were considered along the Chumbao River located between 4274 and 2572 m of altitude and theWQIHA was applied. In addition, field and laboratory analyses were carried out in 2018, 2019, and 2021, in dry and rainy seasons. Twenty parameters were grouped in the physicochemical sub-index (SIPC), heavy metals sub-index (SIHM), and organic matter sub-index (SIOM). Each group contributed with weights of 0.30, 0.30, and 0.40, respectively, for theWQIHA formulation. The SIPC and SIOM showed that the areas near the head of the basin presented excellent and good quality, while the urbanized areas were qualified as marginal to poor; SIHM reported good quality in all points and seasons. Regarding the WQIHA, the index shows good quality in the zones above 3184 m of altitude, contrasting with poor quality downstream, decreasing notably in both seasons, suggesting continuous degradation of the water body

Actinoid pnictides--II : Heat capacities of UAs2 and USb2 from 5 to 750 K and antiferromagnetic transitions

The heat capacities of uranium diarsenide (UAs2) and uranium diantimonide (USb2), with tetragonal structures of the anti-Cu2Sb-type, have been measured by adiabatic-shield calorimetry from 5 to about 750 K. Lambda-type transitions with maxima at 272.2 and 202.5 K for UAs2 and USb2, respectively, are related to maxima in the magnetic susceptibilities at 277 and 203 K, occasioned by transitions from antiferro- to paramagnetism in the compounds. Values of the heat capacities (Cp), entropies [S[deg](T) - S[deg](0)], and Gibbs energy functions -{[G[deg](T) - H[deg](o)]/T} at 298.15 K in cal K-1 mole-1 are 19.12, 29.41 and 15.05 for UAs2 and 19.16, 33.81 and 18.39 for USb2. Tentative resolutions of the cooperative magnetic heat capacities of UAs2 and USb2 lead to the magnetic entropies [Delta]S(mag) = 0.99 and 1.70 cal K-1 mole-1, respectively. The values for both are significantly lower than the spin-only magnetic entropy value R ln 3 = 2.18 cal K-1 mole-1.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/22763/1/0000318.pd

Microarray analysis of Xenopus endoderm expressing Ptf1a

Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2012. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of John Wiley & Sons for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Genesis 50 (2012): 853-870, doi:10.1002/dvg.22048.Pancreas specific transcription factor 1a (Ptf1a), a bHLH transcription factor, has two temporally distinct functions during pancreas development; initially it is required for early specification of the entire pancreas, while later it is required for proper differentiation and maintenance of only acinar cells. The importance of Ptf1a function was revealed by the fact that loss of Ptf1a leads to pancreas agenesis in humans. While Ptf1a is one of the most important pancreatic transcription factors, little is known about the differences between the regulatory networks it controls during initial specification of the pancreas as opposed to acinar cell development, and to date no comprehensive analysis of its downstream targets has been published. In this paper, we use Xenopus embryos to identify putative downstream targets of Ptf1a. We isolated anterior endoderm tissue overexpressing Ptf1a at two early stages, NF32 and NF36, and compared their gene expression profiles using microarrays. Our results revealed that Ptf1a regulates genes with a wide variety of functions, providing insight into the complexity of the regulatory network required for pancreas specification.National Institutes of Health (DK077197

Actinoid pnictides--I : Heat capacities from 5 to 950 K and magnetic transitions of U3As4 and U3Sb4. Ferromagnetic transitions

The heat capacities of triuranium tetraarsenide (U3As4) and triuranium tetraantimonide (U3Sb4), measured by adiabatic calorimetry over the temperature range 5-950 K, show sharp [lambda]-shaped transitions at 196.1 and 147.5 K, respectively. The maxima are related to the appearance of permanent magnetic moments below 198 and 148 K. Excess cooperative entropies associated with ferromagnetic ordering are tentatively estimated as 6.7 for U3As4 and 6.8 cal K-1 mole-1 for U3Sb4. These are larger than the two literature values reported for U3P4 (1.5 and 3.1 cal K-1 mole-1). The fact that these entropy of transition values are much smaller than would be expected from [Delta]St = R In (2J + 1) for the 3H4 ground term (J = 4) and that the observed heat capacities at high temperatures are much larger than would be expected from lattice plus dilational contributions are evidence of crystal field effects. The total electronic entropies to 950 K are estimated as 11.05 and 12.95 cal K-1 mole-1 for U3As4 and U3Sb4, respectively. Thermal functions for both U3As4 and U3Sb4 are integrated from the experimental data up to 950 K. At 298.15 K, the values of Cpo [So(T)-So(0)] and -{[Go(T)-Ho(0)]/T} in cal K-1 mole-1, are 44.82, 73.87 and 38.97, U3As4 and 44.98, 83.60 and 46.89, for U3Sb4.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/23080/1/0000655.pd

Novel insights into the genomic basis of citrus canker based on the genome sequences of two strains of Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. aurantifolii

Background: Citrus canker is a disease that has severe economic impact on the citrus industry worldwide. There are three types of canker, called A, B, and C. The three types have different phenotypes and affect different citrus species. The causative agent for type A is Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, whose genome sequence was made available in 2002. Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. aurantifolii strain B causes canker B and Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. aurantifolii strain C causes canker C. Results: We have sequenced the genomes of strains B and C to draft status. We have compared their genomic content to X. citri subsp. citri and to other Xanthomonas genomes, with special emphasis on type III secreted effector repertoires. In addition to pthA, already known to be present in all three citrus canker strains, two additional effector genes, xopE3 and xopAI, are also present in all three strains and are both located on the same putative genomic island. These two effector genes, along with one other effector-like gene in the same region, are thus good candidates for being pathogenicity factors on citrus. Numerous gene content differences also exist between the three cankers strains, which can be correlated with their different virulence and host range. Particular attention was placed on the analysis of genes involved in biofilm formation and quorum sensing, type IV secretion, flagellum synthesis and motility, lipopolysacharide synthesis, and on the gene xacPNP, which codes for a natriuretic protein. Conclusion: We have uncovered numerous commonalities and differences in gene content between the genomes of the pathogenic agents causing citrus canker A, B, and C and other Xanthomonas genomes. Molecular genetics can now be employed to determine the role of these genes in plant-microbe interactions. The gained knowledge will be instrumental for improving citrus canker control.Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientIfico e Tecnologico (CNPq)Coordenacao para Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Ensino Superior (CAPES)Fundo de Defesa da Citricultura (FUNDECITRUS

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio