L’autre visage de l’américanité québécoise. Les frères O’Leary et l’Union des Latins d’Amérique pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale

Cette étude analyse le rôle de l’Union des Latins d’Amérique (ULA) durant la Deuxième Guerre mondiale en traitant de la portée et du sens contextuel du discours de la latinité développé lors de ses rencontres. L’américanité québécoise latinisée véhiculée par les représentants de l’Union des Latins avait ceci d’original qu’elle réconciliait la continentalité constitutive de la nation et son héritage français par l’évocation d’une culture latine partagée par les centaines de millions d’hispanophones et de lusophones des Amériques. Les perspectives de l’ULA favorisaient par ailleurs un décloisonnement des relations internationales du Québec. Alors que le conflit mondial isolait le Canada français de l’Europe, limitant ses relations étrangères au continent anglo-protestant le ceinturant, plusieurs Québécois joignirent l’ULA pour se divertir, étudier la culture latino-américaine et se réinventer une géopolitique plus favorable à la survie de la nation canadienne-française. Au-delà des mondanités, les rencontres de l’Union des Latins acquirent une signification particulière au fil de la guerre puisqu’elles constituaient un espace où l’avenir du Canada français pouvait être discuté sans trop risquer la censure. L’association rassembla des nationalistes de l’Université de Montréal, des membres influents de la petite bourgeoisie montréalaise et une partie importante de la classe politique canadienne-française pour promouvoir un rapprochement culturel et politique entre Latins du Nord et du Sud. Des nationalistes radicaux comme les frères O’Leary y rencontraient d’ardents fédéralistes comme T. D. Bouchard pour discuter de transnationalisme latin avec les diplomates latino-américains en poste à Montréal, ce qui finit quand même par provoquer un certain malaise à Ottawa.This study explores the role of the Union des Latins d’Amérique (ULA) in the context of the Second World War, paying particular attention to the meaning and influence of the discourse of identity they fostered in their activities. The spokespersons of the cultural association promoted an original take on Quebec’s américanité. Throughout the war, they argued that embracing markers of continental identity did not necessarily pose a direct threat to the nation’s French and Catholic culture, as hundreds of millions of Spanish – and Portuguese – speakers in the Americas shared with French Canada a common Latin heritage. In doing so, they lobbied to widen the scope of Quebec’s international relations, promoting a cultural and political rapprochement with Latin America. Indeed, while the world conflict limited the province’s foreign relations to the Anglo-Protestant continent surrounding it, the Union des Latins’ position attracted influential political actors from Quebec who met during their activities to familiarize themselves with Latin American culture and examine the geopolitical factors that would favour the survival of the French Canadian nation. The association certainly organized fashionable gatherings that attracted Montreal’s petty bourgeoisie. But these happenings also constituted a space where the political future of Quebec could be freely discussed by well-known nationalists alongside influential French Canadian politicians. In fact, the O’Leary brothers, two radical Quebec nationalists who set up the association, collaborated with federalists like T.D. Bouchard to imagine new transnational connections between Latins in the Americas, rallying support from Latin American diplomats in Montreal. The malaise it provoked in Ottawa is revealing of new dynamics emerging in relation with the assertion of a French Canadian voice on the international scene

Gérard Dion, Mgr Gustavo Franceschi et le régime populiste de Juan Perón. Les intrigues politiques d’Argentine et l’utilité du modèle social québécois

Au début des années 1950, alors que le gouvernement de Juan Perón bâillonnait toute opposition à son gouvernement populiste, une série d’articles portant sur les relations entre la société civile et l’État québécois fut publiée dans le magazine catholique le plus important d’Argentine, Criterio. En tout, une douzaine d’articles rédigés, entre autres, par Gérard Dion, Georges-Henri Lévesque et Mgr Maurice Roy informèrent les lecteurs de Criterio du rôle considérable joué par l’Église catholique au sein de la société civile québécoise; du coup, les articles projetaient l’image d’une cohabitation courtoise et juste entre l’Église et l’État dans le champ social, une bonne entente contrastant brutalement avec l’évolution des relations entre le gouvernement de Juan Perón et l’Église catholique d’Argentine. Cet article analysera cette stratégie de critique voilée déployée par Mgr Franceschi, en évaluant la façon par laquelle les textes suggérés par Gérard Dion (qui promouvaient une alternative au corporatisme étatique) contribuèrent à défendre les positions politiques de Criterio.At the beginning of the 1950s, while Juan Perón’s populist government aimed at muzzling the opposition, a series of articles on the social role played by the clergy in Quebec appeared in Criterio, Argentina’s most influential Catholic publication. The texts focusing on Church-State relations – written by well-known Québécois dignitaries like Gérard Dion, Georges-Henri Lévesque and Mgr Maurice Roy – were published at a time of heightened tensions between the Argentine Catholic Church and Perón’s corporatist state. I argue that the publication of these texts in Mgr Franceschi’s magazine constituted an indirect way to level criticism at the government and enabled Criterio to carry on promoting a political alternative to Peronist Argentina despite governmental censorship

Magellanic Cloud Periphery Carbon Stars IV: The SMC

The kinematics of 150 carbon stars observed at moderate dispersion on the periphery of the Small Magellanic Cloud are compared with the motions of neutral hydrogen and early type stars in the Inter-Cloud region. The distribution of radial velocities implies a configuration of these stars as a sheet inclined at 73+/-4 degrees to the plane of the sky. The near side, to the South, is dominated by a stellar component; to the North, the far side contains fewer carbon stars, and is dominated by the neutral gas. The upper velocity envelope of the stars is closely the same as that of the gas. This configuration is shown to be consistent with the known extension of the SMC along the line of sight, and is attributed to a tidally induced disruption of the SMC that originated in a close encounter with the LMC some 0.3 to 0.4 Gyr ago. The dearth of gas on the near side of the sheet is attributed to ablation processes akin to those inferred by Weiner & Williams (1996) to collisional excitation of the leading edges of Magellanic Stream clouds. Comparison with pre LMC/SMC encounter kinematic data of Hardy, Suntzeff, & Azzopardi (1989) of carbon stars, with data of stars formed after the encounter, of Maurice et al. (1989), and Mathewson et al. (a986, 1988) leaves little doubt that forces other than gravity play a role in the dynamics of the H I.Comment: 30 pages; 7 figures, latex compiled, 1 table; to appear in AJ (June 2000

Long‐term issues and supportive care needs of adolescent and young adult childhood brain tumour survivors and their caregivers: A systematic review

Objective: Long‐term issues following diagnosis and treatment of a childhood brain tumour often become apparent as the survivor enters adolescence and young adulthood. Their caregivers may additionally face long‐term impacts on their emotional and psychological functioning. This review synthesised evidence on the issues and supportive care needs of adolescent and young adult (AYA) survivors of a brain tumour diagnosed in childhood and their caregivers. Methods: Electronic databases were searched up until September 2017. All studies reporting on issues or needs of childhood brain tumour survivors (aged 14‐39) and their caregivers were included. Narrative synthesis methods were used to summarise, integrate, and interpret findings. Results: Fifty‐six articles (49 studies) met the inclusion criteria. Social issues (ie, isolation and impaired daily functioning) were most commonly reported by survivors, followed by cognitive (ie, impaired memory and attention) and physical issues (ie, endocrine dysfunctions and fatigue). Survivors experienced poorer social functioning and sexual functioning and were less likely to be employed or have children, when compared with other AYA cancer survivors. Caregivers experienced reduced support as the survivor moved into young adulthood. Caregivers reported uncertainty, increased responsibilities, and problems maintaining their own self–well‐being and family relationships. Few studies reported on supportive care needs. Survivors expressed a need for better educational support and age‐specific psychosocial services. Conclusions: Surviving a childhood brain tumour can be particularly challenging for AYA survivors and their caregivers. Robust structured research is needed to identify specific support needs of both survivors and their caregivers and how these can be optimally addressed

Heat transfer in a swirling fluidized bed with Geldart type-D particles

A relatively new variant in fluidized bed technology, designated as the swirling fluidized bed (SFB), was investigated for its heat transfer characteristics when operating with Geldart type D particles. Unlike conventional fluidized beds, the SFB imparts secondary swirling motion to the bed to enhance lateral mixing. Despite its excellent hydrodynamics, its heat transfer characteristics have not been reported in the published literature. Hence, two different sizes of spherical PVC particles (2.61mm and 3.65mm) with the presence of a center body in the bed have been studied at different velocities of the fluidizing gas. The wall-to-bed heat transfer coefficients were measured by affixing a thin constant foil heater on the bed wall. Thermocouples located at different heights on the foil show a decrease in the wall heat transfer coefficient with bed height. It was seen that only a discrete particle model which accounts for the conduction between the particle and the heat transfer surface and the gas-convective augmentation can adequately represent the mechanism of heat transfer in the swirling fluidized bed

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements