Gaya Kepimpinan dan Pengambilan Keputusan

Kepemimpinan merupakan teras utama dalam pengelolaan organisasi yang berperan signifikan dalam menentukan kualitas pengambilan keputusan pada tingkat strategis, taktis, dan operasional. Kualitas keputusan sangat dipengaruhi oleh keselarasan antara struktur manajerial yang menetapkan pembagian peran, tanggung jawab, dan kewenangan, dengan gaya kepemimpinan yang membentuk cara pemimpin menafsirkan informasi, melibatkan anggota organisasi, serta merespons ketidakpastian dan risiko. Pengambilan keputusan sebagai fungsi inti manajemen, melekat pada seluruh proses perencanaan,pengorganisasian, pengarahan, dan pengendalian, yang menuntut kemampuan menilai alternatif dan memilih tindakan berdasarkan informasi serta kriteria yang relevan

Manajemen Piutang

Piutang timbul sebagai konsekuensi dari pemberian kredit kepada pelanggan, baik dalam bentuk penjualan barang maupun penyediaan jasa, dan memainkan peran strategis dalam menjaga kelancaran arus kas serta stabilitas likuiditas. Kebijakan kredit, prosedur penagihan, dan mekanisme pengendalian piutang yang diterapkan organisasi akan menentukan seberapa cepat piutang dapat dikonversi kembali menjadi kas. Semakin efektif pengelolaan piutang, semakin kecil pula risiko terjadinya kekurangan kas yang dapat menghambat operasi organisasi Brigham & Houston (2022). Dalam konteks pengambilan keputusan keuangan, piutang tidak dapat dipisahkan daripada penilaian kelayakan suatu projek atau aktivitas ekonomi. Sebagaimana dikemukakan dalam kerangka penilaian projek, keputusan strategis seperti pemilihan projekpembinaan memerlukan analisis yang mencakup pendapatan yang diharapkan, kos operasi, serta keupayaan projek untuk menghasilkan aliran tunai masuk yang mencukupi bagi menampung komitmen kewangan. Komponen-komponen ini, sangat berkaitan erat dengan piutang kerana kelewatan penerimaan kas daripada pelanggan atau pihak berkepentingan boleh memberi kesan langsung kepada keputusan kewangan, termasuk keperluan pinjaman tambahan, penilaian NPV,IRR, dan indikator kelayakan lainnya. Oleh itu, menurut manajemen piutang yang efektif, bukan hanya berfungsi sebagai alat operasional,melainkan sebagai penentu keberhasilan finansial keseluruhan dalam jangka Panjang (Brigham & Houston, 2022; Gitman & Zutter, 2019; Ross et al., 2022; Van Horne & Wachowicz, 2008)

Innovation from Sand

In 2020 the worldwide anthropogenic mass outweighed all of Earth's living biomass. Sand, gravel, and crushed rock, together called creation aggregates institute the large percentage of the anthropogenic mass and are the maximum extracted strong substances through mass. Sand is a granular fabric composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles. Sand has various compositions but is described by means of its grain size. Sand grains are smaller than gravel and coarser than silt. Sand can also confer with a textural class of soil or soil kind, i.e., a soil containing more than 85 percent sand-sized particles by means of mass. Sand is essentially manufactured from unconsolidated granular materials together with either rock fragments or mineral particles or oceanic materials. It is far specifically manufactured from silicate minerals and silicate rock granular particles. Sand composed of various materials that fluctuate depending on place, sand comes in an array of colours such as white, black, green, or even red. The most common element of sand is silicon dioxide within the form of quartz. The earth's landmasses are made up of rocks and minerals, such as quartz, feldspar, and mica. This paper will review the creativity and innovation in sand

Manajemen kas

Manajemen kas merupakan salah satu elemen paling mendasar dalam manajemen keuangan kerana kas berfungsi sebagai sumber daya yang memberikan organisasi kemampuan untuk memenuhi kewajiban jangka pendek, menjalankan operasi harian secara efisien, serta menghadapi ketidakpastian ekonomi (Ross, Westerfield, & Jordan, 2022). Kas memiliki posisi yang unik, dibandingkan aset lainnya kerana sifatnya yang paling likuid, mudah digunakan, dan tidak memerlukanproses konversi sebelum dapat dimanfaatkan. Oleh sebab itu,pengelolaan kas bukan sekadar aktiviti pencatatan aliran masuk dan keluar, tetapi melibatkan perencanaan yang teliti, pengendalian yang berterusan, serta kemampuan memproyeksikan kebutuhan kas secara akurat agar organisasi selalu berada dalam kondisi solvabel dan stabil. Dalam konteks manajemen keuangan modern, manajemen kas menjadi semakin penting kerana organisasi menghadapi lingkungan bisnis yang dinamis, tingkat persaingan yang tinggi, dan pola arus kas yang tidak selalu dapat diprediksi. Pengambilan keputusan mengenai penentuan saldo kas minimum, strategi percepatan penerimaan, pengendalian pembayaran, serta pemanfaatan kas berlebih untuk tujuan investasi jangka pendek menjadi komponen yang mempengaruhi keberlanjutan dan profitabilitas organisasi. Penguasaan terhadap konsep dan teknik manajemen kas, membantu pengambil keputusan memastikan bahawa setiap sumber daya keuangan digunakan secara optimal, risiko likuiditas dapat diminimalkan, dan nilai organisasi dapat ditingkatkan secara berkesinambungan

Digital Inclusion and Accessible Technologies in Smart Cities

Nowadays, smart cities are the ultimate achievement of urban advancement because of the use of Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and big data to enhance the living standards of people (Dwivedi et al.,2021). Smart cities can fundamentally change the way people live, work, and communicate with the incorporation of these technologies. The main aim of smart cities is to increase the effectiveness, sustainability, and livability of urban centers. One of the ways to accomplish it is by augmenting public system services and increasing energy efficiency with smart grids. Nonetheless,as urban areas implement these sophisticated systems, these cities face the challenge of narrowing the gap between the privileged and underprivileged groups of citizens. These benefits should no longer be limited to people from specific socioeconomic classes, age groups, or physical ability (Makkonen & Inkinen, 2024)

Desktop Sized Winding Machine

3D printing filament is a rope-like thermoplastic material used in Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). Common types include PLA, ABS, PETG, and nylon, with variants like wood-filled or flexible properties [1]. In FDM, filament is fed through a heated nozzle, melted, and deposited layer-by-layer to create objects. Filament production involves extrusion—melting resin pellets, shaping them through a die, and cooling the output [2]. A puller ensures consistent diameter, followed by winding onto spools. However, commercial winders are often bulky and costly. This project develops a compact, desktop-sized winding machine, optimizing space and affordability for small-scale filament producers or hobbyists

Plasma Technology For Solar Cells

Numerous low-temperature plasma sources and facilities, including capacitively coupled radiofrequency (RF) plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), microwave plasma (MP) CVD, and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) CVD, have been successfully utilized for the fabrication of photovoltaic (PV) devices, including bulk Silicon (Si) solar cells and thin-film Si solar cells. Low-temperature plasmas are primed to play a crucial part in creating a cleaner and more ecologically conscious world notably in developing PV power as a clean, sustainable energy source, with the growing consensus that climate change is unavoidable.In the case of bulk Si solar cells, plasma sources have a wide range of applications, including surface passivation through silicon nitride (SiNx:H) films (Schmidt, Peibst, & Brendel, 2018), plasma etching processes for eliminating parasitic emitters or phosphorus silicate glass (Rentsch,Schetter, Schlemm, Roth, & Preu, 2005), wafer cleaning (Lu, Koppes, & Bronsveld, 2018), and both masked and mask-free surface texturization (Moreno, Daineka, & Cabarrocas, 2010). However, practically most of the manufacturing operations for thin-film Si solar cells and HIT (heterojunction with intrinsic thin-layer) solar cells, including the fabrication of p-n junction, interface passivation, and surface texturing for light trapping, are carried out by applying plasma technologie In the process of low-temperature plasma generation, the degree of ionization is controlled by discharge parameters typically within 1026 1024 in capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) and could reach 1022 in high densityICP given by electron density 10111013 cm23 Jia, Saha, Ohse, & Shirai, (2006). Low ionization degree at low-temperature plasma got interest for material processing, taking advantage of lightweight electrons as compared with neutral gases, yet energy exchange between them becomes less efficient due to elastic collisions. Therefore, energetic electrons could possess high temperatures while neutral gas is maintained at ambient temperatures. These energetic electrons are likely advantageous for various elementary processes, including the dissociation of precursor molecules and the creation of free radicals

Fire Detection System using YOLOv5 and IoT Integration for Real-Time Alerts in Safety Applications

The rising threat of heat-related and fire incidents underscores the urgent need for advanced thermal and fire detection systems to ensure timely and accurate responses. This report presents a smart fire detection project utilizing the YOLOv5 deep learning model. The project aims to design an early fire detection system with real-time capabilities. The proposed system implements a convolutional neural network (CNN) and the YOLOv5 real-time object identification system, enhancing fire detection through anchor box optimization. In the incident of a fire, the system sends an alert to the user’s Telegram app bot via the Internet of Things (IoT), assisting in taking necessary precautions. The project demonstrates notable efficiency in fire detection and alerting capabilities, with system evaluation metrics showing an F1 score of 95%, mAP@50 of 97%, accuracy 96.3%, and a recall rate of 89%. These results underscore the system's reliability and precision. The project contributes significantly to Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), goal 9 for industry, innovation, and infrastructure, and 11 for sustainable cities and communities highlighting its potential to enhance fire safety measures in various settings

Evaluation Of Stress And Displacement In Hip Prostheses With Incorporating Hole And Fin Features Using Finite Element Method

The typical distribution of stress in the femoral bone undergoes substantial changes following total hip arthroplasty (THA). With the introduction of a hip prosthesis, it bears a share of the load, resulting in reduced stress in certain areas of the bone and this will lead to stress shielding. Several factors influence stress shielding, including the geometry and cross-section of the hip prosthesis. Additionally, the displacement of the implant is also studied to identify the effects of additional features on displacement. This is because displacement measures the movements of the implant under physiological load. Therefore, in this study, three prostheses were constructed. The dimension of the prosthesis was based on the size of the patients’ bone. Two of them had additional fin and hole features in the proximal part of the prosthesis. Finite element analysis was implemented to examine stress distribution under normal walking conditions. Based on simulations, it was found that the addition of features to the basic design increased stress values in the fin and hole regions at the proximal part of the prosthesis. Additions of fins and holes features have caused increments of stress of almost 170% and 85%, respectively as compared to conventional implant. However, for the displacement, it was found that the addition of holes features at the proximal area decreases the displacement by approximates 62%. As conclusion, this demonstrated that the cross-section and geometry of the prosthesis significantly affected stress and displacement distribution. At the same time, it showed that the finite element method could predict the performance of hip implant